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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

17 May 2023

DAILY G.K. TEST

Start Test

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Australia Quad Summit Cancelled

  • The leaders' meeting of the Quad in Canberra was cancelled, and the leaders will instead meet on the sidelines of the Group of Seven summit in Japan. Australian PM Anthony Albanese made the announcement after he received a call from US President Joe Biden expressing his inability to make it to Australia due to the deadlock over debt limit in the US.
  • India is among the five developing countries invited to attend some of the deliberations of the G7 summit.

US Declares 1,419 Nuclear Warheads in Arsenal

  • In an attempt to pressure Russia to rejoin a bilateral treaty to limit number of nuclear weapons, the US declared that it has 1,419 deployed nuclear warheads in its arsenal.
  • The US Department of State released the information publicly although it had decided earlier not to share the data. The release follows a scare that spread on Ukrainian social networks that during the Russian strike on an ammunition depot in Khmelnitsky, Ukraine, a large batch of British depleted uranium (DU) tank ammunition was also destroyed.
  • In February 2023, Russia had walked out of the New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (New START), which had come into force in 2011 and was extended for a further five years in 2021. It limits the number of strategic nuclear warheads that the US and Russia can deploy.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Mondelez Names Samir Jain as President of India Business

  • Confectionary major Mondelez International named Samir Jain as president of India business.
  • Jain, who will join the company in August, takes over from Deepak Iyer who has been elevated to EVP and President, Asia Pacific, Middle East, and Africa (AMEA) region effective June 5, 2023.
  • Jain will report to Iyer in his new role and will be part of the AMEA Leadership Team representing India.
  • He joins Mondelez International from Bunge India, where he led the business as managing director for the last 10 years.
  • Jain worked at Unilever India for more than 17 years in various roles across categories and functions, starting in 1995 as a management trainee.
  • He left the company in 2012 as the vice president of Laundry Category.

India and Bangladesh Launch '50 Start-ups Exchange Programme'

  • India and Bangladesh initiated a 50 start-up exchange programme to foster collaboration and partnership between the entrepreneurial communities of both countries. The programme aims to explore opportunities, share knowledge, and enhance cooperation in various sectors. The first group of 10 start-up companies from Bangladesh completed a successful visit to India, marking the beginning of this exciting initiative.
  • The exchange programme includes start-ups from sectors such as e-commerce, health, transport and logistics, energy, education, and skill development. The selected start-ups represent a diverse range of industries, reflecting the potential for collaboration and innovation between the two nations.
  • The framework of the start-up exchange programme was decided by the Prime Ministers of India and Bangladesh during their bilateral summits. The primary objectives of the programme include exploring partnerships, expanding business relations, sharing experience and knowledge, and promoting youth and entrepreneurial cooperation.

RBI Imposes Penalty on Mizoram Rural Bank, Tripura Gramin Bank

  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) imposed a monetary penalty on Mizoram Rural Bank and Tripura Gramin Bank for violations of rules.
  • The central bank imposed Rs. 5 lakh penalty on Mizoram Rural Bank and Rs. 2 lakh penalty on Tripura Gramin Bank.
  • According to the release, the penalty was levied on both banks as they failed to categorize certain loan accounts as non-performing in line with the Income Recognition and Asset Classification (IRAC) norms.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Pune: Asia's First Subsea Research Lab at MIT-World Peace University

  • In a groundbreaking development, MIT-World Peace University (WPU) in Pune unveiled Asia's first-ever subsea research lab, the Centre for Subsea Engineering Research (CSER). The state-of-the-art facility, created in collaboration with Aker Solutions, aims to revolutionise training and education for the global oil and gas industry by providing real-world experience and fostering multi-disciplinary talent.
  • The CSER, an initiative of MIT-WPU's Department of Petroleum Engineering, marks a significant milestone in the institution's commitment to equipping students with cutting-edge knowledge and skills. Dr. Samarth Patwardhan, the head of the subsea lab and Professor in Petroleum Engineering, emphasized the lab's potential impact on producing highly skilled professionals who are prepared to address future challenges in the industry.
  • The subsea research lab offers a wide range of applications and resources to various stakeholders in the energy sector. It serves as a hands-on academic platform for undergraduate and postgraduate students, facilitating curriculum experiments and promoting practical learning in petroleum engineering. The lab also facilitates joint professional training programs with industry experts in subsea engineering and Industrial Safety and Health Engineering (ISHE).
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SPORTS

FIH Hockey Pro League: India Names 24-member Squad for Europe Leg

  • Hockey India named a strong 24-member Indian Men's Hockey Team for the next leg of the FIH Men's Hockey Pro League 2022-23 in Europe starting May 26. In their previous outing in the prestigious League matches at home, India remained unbeaten against reigning World Champions Germany and Australia which helped them top the points table. In Europe, they will hope to continue their winning momentum as they take on the formidable Belgium and Great Britain in London followed by matches against the Netherlands and Argentina in Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
  • This will be the team's first outing under newly-appointed Chief Coach Craig Fulton while the team will continue to be led by ace drag-flicker and defender Harmanpreet Singh and vice captained by the prolific midfielder Hardik Singh.

Aman, Gulveer Book Tickets to Asian Athletics Championships

  • Uttar Pradesh's Gulveer Singh booked his ticket to the upcoming Asian Athletics Championships by winning the men's 10,000 m gold on the opening day of the Federation Cup Senior Athletics Championships. The Asian Athletics Championships are scheduled to be held from July 12 to 16 in Bangkok. Gulveer won in a time of 29 minutes, 5.90 seconds, which was comfortably inside the Asian Championships qualifying time of 29:30. There was excitement in the men's 1500 m heat as Haryana's Aman topped his heat with a time of 3 minutes, 46.04 seconds, which was better than the Asian qualifying standard of 3:47.84.

Gatka Martial Art to Feature in 37th National Games

  • The traditional game of Gatka is set to receive a major boost on a national level as it was officially included in the 37th National Games-2023, which are scheduled to take place in Goa in October 2023. The Indian Olympic Association (IOA) will be organising competitions for a total of 43 disciplines during this national event, in collaboration with the Government of Goa.
  • Harjeet Singh Grewal, the President of the National Gatka Association of India (NGAI) and a State Awardee, expressed his appreciation to the IOA President, Rajya Sabha member PT Usha, and the Games Technical Conduct Committee (GTCC) Chairman, Amitabh Sharma, member Bhupiner Singh Bajwa, and other members for the inclusion of Gatka, a martial art, in the national games for the first time.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Virat Kohli is Brand Ambassador of Duroflex

  • The Indian mattress brand, Duroflex appointed, former Indian captain, Virat Kohli as its brand ambassador. Following this association with Kohli, the company would like to amplify the message of quality sleep to a wider audience.
  • This partnership will highlight the mattress brand's unwavering dedication to raising awareness about the connection between getting enough sleep and living a healthier, happier life. The company's partnership with the 2011 World Cup champion is anticipated to spread the word about the need of getting sufficient sleep to a larger audience and encourage people to prioritise it for a healthier future as he is a well-known personality in the sports and fitness industry.
  • Virat Kohli is one of the most popular and successful cricketers in the world. He is also one of the most sought-after brand ambassadors in India.

Robert Lucas, Winner of the 1995 Nobel Prize in Economics, Passes Away

  • Robert Lucas, who won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1995 for his work on rational expectations and the efficacy of government intervention in the economy, died at the age of 85 years.
  • Born in 1937 in Yakima, Washington, Lucas received a Bachelor of Arts in History from the University of Chicago in 1959. He went to the University of California, Berkeley but returned to Chicago for financial reasons. In 1964, he earned his PhD in economics.
  • Lucas won the Nobel Prize for research on how expectations impact the decisions of consumers as well as businesses. In 1976, he came up with the 'Lucas critique' where he argued that policymakers cannot presume that their actions will yield the expected results. On the other hand, they must keep in mind how their actions will impact the expectations of people.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

World Telecommunication and Information Society Day

  • World Telecommunication Day, or as it is now known, World Telecommunication and Information Society Day, is celebrated on May 17 by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The day highlights the impact of the Internet and other communication tools on society.
  • On May 17, 1969, World Telecommunications Day was first observed to mark the founding of the ITU, originally called the International Telegraph Union. The ITU was established by the signing of the very first International telegraph Convention, on May 17, 1865, in Paris. It changed its name to International Telecommunication Union in 1932 and eventually became a specialised agency of the United Nations in 1947.
  • The date, May 17, was also declared as World Information Society Day by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in a March 2006 resolution. In November of the same year, the ITU Plenipotentiary Conference clubbed the two days collectively as World Telecommunication and Information Society Day.
  • The theme of World Telecommunication and Information Society Day 2023 was 'Empowering the least developed countries through information and communication technologies'.

World Hypertension Day

  • World Hypertension Day is celebrated by World Hypertension League (WHL) annually on May 17 to spread awareness about hypertension disease, its prevention, detection, and control. The main risk factor to develop cardiovascular disease is high blood pressure.
  • The beginning of celebrating this day was decided by 'The World Hypertension League' (WHL) from the year 2005. But it took a whole year to implement it. From the year 2006, from May 17, this day is being celebrated as a special day. In medical language, hypertension is called high BP.

Birthday of Indian Football Legend P. K. Banerjee to be Celebrated as 'AIFF Grassroots Day'

  • The All India Football Federation (AIFF) declared that June 23, the birth anniversary of Indian football legend P. K. Banerjee, will be recognised as 'AIFF Grassroots Day'. This decision was made in acknowledgment of PK's remarkable contributions to Indian football, notably his instrumental role in leading the national team to a historic Gold Medal triumph in the 1962 Asian Games. AIFF Secretary General Shaji Prabhakaran explained the selection of PK's birthday as a tribute to his outstanding career as a footballer.
  • P. K. Banerjee, renowned as the 'Football Professor' in international circles, demonstrated his dedication to football development by enrolling in FIFA's inaugural coaching course held in Japan in 1969 under German coach Dettmar Cramer. P. K. successfully completed the course, earning a First-Class degree. The establishment of AIFF Grassroots Day aligns with the Strategic Roadmap 'Vision 2047', which aims to enhance grassroots participation in Indian football. The objective is to involve 35 million children in football by 2026 and eventually reach 100 million by 2047. As part of this initiative, the Federation has introduced the Blue Cubs program, collaborating with NGOs, schools, clubs, academies, and other stakeholders to expand the grassroots ecosystem.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

'Gauri' Gets 'Best Long Documentary Award' at South Asian Film Festival

  • The documentary "Gauri", directed by Kavitha Lankesh, received the "Best Long Documentary Award" at the South Asian Film Festival of Montreal 2023. The film is about journalist and activist Gauri Lankesh, who was assassinated in 2017, and the current political crisis in India.
  • The award citation describes the film as a courageous and uncompromising examination of the events surrounding Gauri Lankesh's murder, and praises Kavitha Lankesh's energetic direction and narration.
  • The documentary was commissioned by Free Press Unlimited, Amsterdam, an organization that upholds Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which advocates for freedom of expression and access to information.
  • The documentary "All That Breathes", which was nominated for an Oscar, was also in competition and received the runner-up prize.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

UGC Launches New Website, UTSAH and PoP Portals to Promote Quality Education

  • The University Grants Commission (UGC) launched a new website, the UTSAH (Undertaking Transformative Strategies and Actions in Higher Education) Portal, and the Professor of Practice (PoP) Portal to promote quality education in India. The launch of these new initiatives is a significant step by the UGC in its efforts to promote quality education in India. The new website, UTSAH Portal, and PoP Portal will provide valuable resources to students, faculty, and universities, and will help to improve the quality of higher education in India.
  • To align with the National Education Policy 2020, the UGC launched the Professor of Practice (PoP) Portal. This portal enables institutions to connect with experienced professionals in specific fields. Experts from any discipline can register on the PoP Portal, providing comprehensive information about their expertise, work experience, location, and preferred engagement type. Universities and institutions can register on the portal, post advertisements for PoP positions specifying the required domain and number of posts, and access the profiles of registered experts on the portal.

IIT Kanpur Unveils 'Shuddham', an Affordable Water Purifier-cooler

  • IIT Kanpur achieved a significant milestone with the development of 'Shuddham', an upgraded water purifier-cum-cooler designed to provide affordable and innovative solutions for clean drinking water.
  • This revolutionary product, developed by the Imagineering Laboratory at IIT Kanpur, aims to cater to the needs of rural households and the urban middle-class society.
  • Shuddham is designed to be user-friendly, easy to maintain, and economical.

IIM Kozhikode Launches Centre for Employment Relations and Labour Studies

  • The Indian Institute of Management (IIM), Kozhikode set up a think tank, Centre for Employment Relations and Labour Studies (CERLS), which would help in the transitioning of the workers and economically weaker sections from an informal to a formal economy.
  • The first conference by CERLS will take place in January 2024. The institute also plans to conduct labour conferences regularly each year.
  • The larger aim of this Centre would be to mobilize ideas from fellow academia, thought leaders, government, and corporations to prevent informalization of formal jobs while championing sustainable enterprises. Additionally, the Centre would work closely with organizations to maintain fair labor standards.
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BOOKS AND AUTHORS

'Supreme Court on Commercial Arbitration' Book by Dr. Manoj Kumar

  • A compendium of three volumes with Judgments spanning from the year 1988 till 2022 covering Arbitration Act 1940 and 1996, the book titled 'Supreme Court on Commercial Arbitration' by Dr. Manoj Kumar and fore worded by R. Venkataramani was released.
  • There has been substantial jurisprudence laid down by the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the Country on Commercial Arbitration spanning over multiple statutory frameworks. There was a need to put all the significant Judgments of the Apex Court on Commercial Arbitration at one place to have a better understanding on how the law has evolved. This work in the shape of a compendium of three volumes with Judgments spanning from the year 1988 till 2022 covering Arbitration Act, 1940 and Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 aims to achieve the above objective.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Central Government Notifies Appointment of Dharmesh Sharma as Additional Judge of Delhi High Court

  • The appointment of judicial officer Dharmesh Sharma as an additional judge of the Delhi High Court was cleared by the Central government.
  • The Supreme Court collegium on April 13 had recommended the name of Sharma for the elevation.
  • Prior to his elevation Justice Sharma was serving as the principal districts and sessions judge of Patiala House Court.
  • As a judge he has given some very important verdicts in the past including the Unnao rape and murder case. Another important case, he was involved in was Uphaar fire tragedy evidence tampering case.
  • Justice Sharma was born in Delhi on June 9, 1963. After completing his BCom (Hons) degree from Delhi University Karori Mal in 1984, he did his LLB and LLM from the DU's Campus Law Centre in 1987 and 2001.

Collegium Recommends AP HC Chief Justice P. K. Mishra, Advocate K. V. Viswanathan to be SC Judges

  • The Supreme Court Collegium recommended the names of Andhra Pradesh High Court Chief Justice P. K. Mishra and senior advocate K. V. Viswanathan for appointment as judges of the top court.
  • Having a sanctioned strength of 34, including the CJI, the Supreme Court is presently functioning with 32 judges.
  • The decision was taken unanimously by a five-member Collegium headed by Chief Justice of India D. Y. Chandrachud in view of two clear vacancies that arose following the retirement of Justice Dinesh Maheshwari and Justice M. R. Shah.
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