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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

08 Aug 2022

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

US, Russia, China Take Part in Talks with SE Asian Nations amid Tensions

  • US Secretary of State Antony Blinken joined the Foreign Ministers of Russia and China at a meeting with top diplomats from Southeast Asia that came at a time of increased tensions between Washington, Moscow and Beijing.
  • The East Asia Summit of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations meetings in Cambodia's capital was the first time the three men were scheduled to take part in the same forum.

US Committed to Defending Philippines

  • Secretary of State Antony Blinken assured the Philippines that the United States would come to its defence if attacked in the South China Sea, seeking to allay concerns about the extent of the US commitment to a mutual defence treaty.
  • In meetings in Manila dominated by discussion on simmering US-China tensions over the Taiwan visit of US House of Representatives Speaker Nancy Pelosi, Blinken said a 70-year-old defence pact with the Philippines was "ironclad".
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Unity SFB Appoints Inderjit Camotra as MD & CEO

  • Unity Small Finance Bank Limited (Unity Bank) announced the appointment of Inderjit Camotra as the managing director and chief executive officer. A senior banker with over 25 years of experience across India, Camotra held various leadership positions at Standard Chartered Bank, ANZ and Citibank.
  • Unity Small Finance Bank is a new age, digital first bank which was recently elevated to a 'Scheduled Bank' and was included in the Second Schedule of the RBI Act. The bank is promoted by Centrum Financial Services Ltd and Resilient Innovations Pvt Ltd as a joint investor. The bank commenced its operation in November 2021.

RBI Hikes Repo Rate by 50 bps to 5.40%

  • The Reserve Bank of India's Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) announced a 50 basis point hike in the repo rate to 5.40 per cent, citing continued upside risks to inflation.
  • The Standing Deposit Facility (SDF) rate is now at 5.15 per cent, while the Marginal Standing Facility (MSF) Rate stands at 5.65 per cent. The SDF represents the lower band of the interest rate corridor and the MSF the higher.
  • The latest rate action takes the total tally of rate hikes since May to 140 basis points. Accounting for the introduction of the SDF at a higher rate than the reverse repo rate in April, effective rate hikes stand at 180 bps so far in 2022.

SEBI Constitutes Committee to Attract Foreign Investment; Former Chief Economic Advisor K. V. Subramanian Appointed Chairman

  • The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) constituted an expert group of Foreign Portfolio Investors (FPIs) to boost overseas flows into the country. The FPI Advisory Committee (FAC) is chaired by former Chief Economic Adviser K. V. Subramanian and consists of 14 other members representing foreign banks, stock exchanges depositories and RBI.
  • The FAC was tasked with advising on issues related to investments and operations of FPIs in the financial markets, including measures to facilitate ease of doing business by FPIs in India. The committee will review investment avenues available for FPIs and to advise on the feasibility of new investment avenues. It will also suggest measures required to encourage FPI participation in the bond market.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

China Successfully Launches Pilot Reusable Spacecraft

  • China successfully launched a pilot reusable spacecraft with its Long March-2F carrier rocket.
  • The unidentified spacecraft, which was launched from China's Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, would return to a planned landing site after operating in the orbit for some time to provide technical validations for reuses.
  • China said that it made a big step towards developing reusable space transportation technology as it launched a spacecraft which returned to Earth on the same day after flying to the edge of the atmosphere in July.

Satellites No Longer Usable after Deviation: ISRO

  • As per the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), the satellites on board its maiden Small Satellite Launch Vehicle "are no longer usable" after the SSLV-D1 placed them on an elliptical orbit instead of a circular one.
  • The space agency said that a committee would analyse and make recommendations into today's episode and with the implementation of those recommendations ISRO will come back soon with SSLV-D2. SSLV-D1 placed the satellites into 356 km x 76 km elliptical orbit instead of 356 km circular orbit.
  • Unlike ISRO's trusted workhorse — Polar Satellite Launch Vehicles (PSLV) — the SSLV can carry payloads weighing up to 500 kg and deploy satellites into a 500 km low earth orbit.
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SPORTS

India Wins Silver after Losing to Australia in 1st Commonwealth Women's Cricket Final

  • The Indian women's cricket team won the silver medal in the Commonwealth Games 2022. The Harmanpreet Kaur-led met Australia in the gold medal match in Birmingham but went down by 9 runs. Chasing 162 in 20 overs, India had lost openers Smriti Mandhana and Shafali Verma early but skipper Kaur and Jemimah Rodrigues steadied the ship for the side and chipped in with a 96-run stand for the third wicket.

India Beat Bangladesh 5-2 to Lift SAFF Under-20 Football Championship Trophy

  • India lifted the SAFF U-20 football championship trophy by defeating Bangladesh 5-2 goals in the final at Kalinga stadium in Bhubaneswar, Odisha. Four goals from Gurkirat Singh and a lone goal from Himanshu Jhangra ensured Indian Team a worthy comeback in the final match which had gone to extra-time. India won this championship for the second consecutive time.

Sakshi Malik, Deepak Punia Win Gold in Wrestling at CWG 2022

  • The Indian wrestling contingent performed exceptionally. It won six medals which included three gold, one silver and two bronze medals. The Indian women's hockey team though lost controversially in the semi-final against Australia. The Indian team was done in by the time-keeper in the penalty shoot-out as after the first save from Savita Punia, it was decided that the time clock was not running and Australia was given a re-shoot.
  • Bajrang Punia and Deepak Punia faced no problems at all as they raced their way to the gold in their respective categories of Men's 65 kg and 86 kg freestyle. Sakshi Malik played a tremendous game as she fought back from being 0-4 down to go 4-4 all and then win by pinfall against her Canadian opponent.
  • Apart from these three gold medals, India also won a silver courtesy of Anshu Malik who put in a great fight in the final against the Nigerian Commonwealth Champion, losing 4-6. Mohit Grewwal and Divya Kakran won bronze medals.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Jagdeep Dhankhar Elected as 14th Vice President of India

  • Jagdeep Dhankhar was elected as the 14th Vice President of India. Jagdeep Dhankhar was the candidate nominated by the NDA from BJP. He will be administering the oath to the office on August 11, just after the tenure of incumbent Vice President Venkaiah Naidu ends. Jagdeep Dhankhar was serving as the Governor of West Bengal before getting nominated for the Vice President Elections 2022. The Opposition of Vice President Elections 2022 was Margaret Alva who is an ex-Union Minister and former five-times Congress MP.
  • A total of 725 MPs registered their votes, and 63 skipped the Vice President Elections 2022. 710 votes were found valid, and 15 were invalid out of 725 votes. Jagdeep Dhankhar secured 528 votes, which is higher than the minimum of 363 votes that were required for the victory. Jagdeep Dhankhar had the support of more than 425 lawmakers. Parties like Biju Janata Party (BJD), Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), Shiv Sena, and YSR Congress Party (YSRCP) were there to extend their support to Jagdeep Dhankhar. The Opposition Margaret Alva received the votes of 208 MPs.

Arunachal Pradesh: Hollongi Greenfield Airport Named 'Donyi Polo Airport'

  • The under-construction Greenfield Airport was named as Donyi Polo Airport, Itanagar," announced Arunachal Pradesh CM Pema Khandu.
  • According to the state government this name of the lone Airport in the Capital city symbolizes the age-old tradition and rich cultural heritage of the tribal State and also will reflect the people's age-old indigenous reverence on the Sun (Donyi) and the Moon (Polo).

Cabinet Secretary Rajiv Gauba Gets One-year Extension

  • The Centre gave a one-year extension to Cabinet Secretary Rajiv Gauba.
  • Gauba, former Union Home Secretary, was in 2019 appointed to the country's top bureaucratic post for two years. This is his second extension on the post. He was given a one-year extension in August 2021.
  • Gauba is a 1982-batch IAS officer of Jharkhand cadre.
  • Gauba has also served as Secretary in the Union Urban Development Ministry, Additional Secretary in the Home Ministry, looking after crucial left wing extremism division, among other responsibilities.
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DEFENCE

India Bids to Sell Tejas Aircrafts to Malaysia, says 6 other Nations Interested

  • India offered to sell 18 light-combat aircraft (LCA) "Tejas" the single-engine jet to Malaysia.
  • The Indian government in 2021 gave a $6 billion contract to state-owned Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd (HIAE.NS) for 83 of the locally produced Tejas jets for delivery starting around 2023 - four decades after it was first approved in 1983.
  • Other countries which have evinced interest in the LCA aircraft are: Argentina, Australia, Egypt, USA, Indonesia, and Philippines.

Army Carries Out Drill to Test Resilience of Satellites

  • The Indian Army conducted a pan-India exercise to test and validate its entire satellite-based communication network to ensure operational readiness in case of a conflict in the future.
  • The exercise was called 'Skylight'.
  • The assets that were put to test included the static satellite communication systems, the vehicle laden transportable ones and also the man portable systems for their voice and data capability.
  • The objective of the exercise was to ensure operational readiness of hi-tech satellite systems and personnel manning these. In this exercise, 100 per cent of all satellite communication assets in the Indian Army were activated and various technical and operational scenarios in the space domain were played up. Various agencies responsible for space and ground segments, as also ISRO participated in the exercise.

Indian Navy Inks Pact with ISRO's Space Applications Centre on Data Sharing

  • The Indian Navy inked a pact with ISRO's Space Applications Centre (SAC) in Ahmedabad on data sharing and cooperation on satellite-based naval applications.
  • Navy officials said both the organisations will have a common platform of mutual cooperation, wherein the scientific advancements by the SAC would be synergised into the Indian Navy's efforts to protect the country's maritime interests.
  • The broad area of cooperation includes sharing of observational data, exploitation of SAC's weather products and processing of satellite data towards the development of new tools as well as calibration and validation of ocean models.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Pulitzer Prize-winning Author David McCullough Passes Away

  • David McCullough, best-selling author and renowned historian who won Pulitzer Prizes for his biographies of presidents John Adams and Harry Truman, died at the age of 89.
  • McCullough was known for writing several deeply researched and popular works about important American figures and points in history such as the building of the Brooklyn Bridge and the first flight by the Wright Brothers.
  • McCullough won a Pulitzer Prize in 1993 for "Truman," a biography about the 33rd President of the United States and another Prize in 2002 for "John Adams," a biography about the 2nd U.S. President.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

UGC Asks Varsities to Observe August 14 as Partition Horrors Remembrance Day

  • The University Grants Commission (UGC) asked all the universities and colleges to organise programmes and seminars to observe August 14 as "Partition Horrors Remembrance Day" to commemorate the sufferings and sacrifices of millions of Indians during the partition in 1947.
  • UGC chairman Prof M. Jagadesh Kumar said that Prime Minister announced in 2021 about August 14 as "Partition Horrors Remembrance Day" to remind the nation of the sufferings and sacrifices of millions of Indians and the need to remove the poison of social divisions, disharmony and strengthen the spirit of oneness, social harmony and human empowerment.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Osmania University Confers Honorary Doctorate on CJI N. V. Ramana

  • Chief Justice of India N. V. Ramana was conferred with a Honoris Causa (honorary) Doctorate at the 82nd convocation of Hyderabad-based Osmania University (OU).
  • The chief guest for the evening, Justice Ramana delivered the convocation address. Governor of Telangana and OU Chancellor Tamilisai Sounderarajan presided over the ceremony.
  • OU Vice-Chancellor Professor D. Ravinder said that two Presidents, three Prime Ministers, four judges and six eminent foreign personalities were among the 47 honorary doctorates the century-old university awarded in the past.

Dalai Lama Honoured with Ladakh's Highest Civilian Award dPal rNgam Duston

  • Tibetan spiritual leader Dalai Lama was honoured with the 'dPal rNgam Duston' award, the highest civilian honour of Ladakh, for his immense contribution to humanity, especially towards the union territory.
  • The sixth award was conferred by Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council (LAHDC), Leh which celebrated the 'dPal rNgam Duston' with great fervour on the occasion of its foundation day at Sindhu Ghat.
  • Ladakh and Tibet are connected by the mighty Indus River along with religious and cultural similarities.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Centre Launches State University Research Excellence Scheme to Create Robust Research and Development Ecosystem

  • The government launched State University Research Excellence scheme to augment the research capabilities in a structured way to create a robust R&D ecosystem in state and private universities and colleges, including self-financed institutions working within these universities.
  • State University Research Excellence (SERB-SURE) is a new innovative scheme of the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), a statutory body of the Department of Science and Technology (DST) that can foster collaboration for high-end research at state and private universities and colleges.
  • The new scheme will help bring the university system, which was so far mostly limited to teaching, into mainstream research and enable the young faculty there to participate in cutting-edge research
  • Chairman University Grants Commission, Professor M. Jagadesh Kumar, said that this scheme would provide much-needed research opportunities to the faculties of state universities, 45% of which are located in rural areas.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

India: Target to Eliminate Kala-azar by 2023

  • Union Government of India set the target to eliminate Kala-azar from country by 2023. According to Dr. Bharati Pravin Pawar (Minister of State for Health and Family Welfare), out of 633 Kala-azar endemic blocks, 625 blocks have successfully eliminated the kala-azar in 2021. India's target is way ahead than World Health Organisation (WHO)'s target of eliminating the disease by 2030.
  • Kala Azar is also called as Leishmaniasis. It is a neglected tropical disease, by which over 100 countries are affected, including India. Neglected tropical diseases are a group of multiple communicable diseases that are prevalent in tropical and subtropical conditions of 149 countries. The disease is caused due to parasite called Leishmania. This parasite is transmitted via bite of sand flies.

Literacy Rate for STs Improved from 47.1% in 2001 to 59% in 2011: Census

  • The population of Scheduled Tribes (STs) in the country, according to census 2011, was 104.49 million. STs constitute 8.6 per cent of the country's total population and 11.3 per cent of the total rural population.
  • The population of ST males was 52.5 million and ST females 52 million.
  • The decadal growth of ST population in 2011, compared with 2001, revealed that the ST female population growth rate (25 per cent) is higher than the ST male population growth rate (23 per cent).
  • The sex ratio with reference to STs is 990 — this is higher than the national average of 943. Also, the ST sex ratio improved from 978 females per 1,000 males in 2001 to 990 in 2011.
  • According to the Census figures, the literacy rate for STs in India improved from 47.1 per cent in 2001 to 59 per cent in 2011.
  • The literacy rate for the total population increased from 64.8 per cent in 2001 to 73 per cent in 2011. There is a gap of about 14 percentage points in the literacy rate of STs, compared to the all-India literacy rate.

IIM Shillong Inaugurates Business Management Programme for Defence Officers

  • The Indian Institute of Management (IIM), Shillong inaugurated its ongoing Business Management Certificate program for defence officers. The 6-month certificate program intends to give the executives a thorough business management exposure to analytical, strategic, and entrepreneurial thinking.
  • Through interactive lectures, case studies, sessions with industry experts, management games, simulations, and student participation, the course seeks to emphasize experiential learning to the Indian Defence Forces.
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

Uttarakhand Tourism Department to Develop 'Modi Circuit' at Corbett Reserve

  • The Uttarakhand tourism department is working on a plan to develop a "Modi circuit" at the Corbett Tiger Reserve, covering the places visited by Prime Minister Narendra Modi while shooting for a television programme in 2019.
  • Modi had undertaken a slew of adventure activities while shooting for an episode of "Man vs Wild", hosted by Bear Grylls on Discovery channel. During the shoot, Modi and Grylls crossed the Kosi River on a makeshift raft and walked through a tiger trail, with the Prime Minister holding a spear in his hand.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Criminalisation of Politics: SC Dismisses Plea Seeking Contempt Proceedings against Heads of Parties

  • The Supreme Court dismissed a plea seeking initiation of contempt proceedings against heads of political parties for not following its directions to prevent criminalisation of politics in the Uttar Pradesh Assembly polls held earlier this year (2022).
  • A bench of Justices B. R. Gavai and P. S. Narasimha said the Election Commission is the competent authority in the matter.
  • The top court was hearing a plea filed by an advocate Brajesh Singh seeking initiation of contempt proceedings against several party leaders including Sonia Gandhi, Arvind Kejriwal and Akhilesh Yadav. The plea claimed that these parties did not comply with the apex court's August 2021 judgment to declare criminal antecedents of its Uttar Pradesh assembly poll candidates.
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