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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

04 Aug 2022

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

India among Leaders in Annual Renewable Energy Investment

  • According to a United Nations (UN) report, eighty-four per cent of nearly $1 trillion of global investment in energy transition technologies in 2021 was deployed in China, India, Japan, the US and Europe.
  • The findings were presented in the third brief of the Global Crisis Response Group (GCRG) on Food, Energy and Finance, which was released by UN Secretary-General António Guterres and UNCTAD Secretary-General Rebeca Grynspan.
  • The report mentions that $4 trillion-$6 trillion in annual investments will be required until 2030 to ensure equitable renewable energy transition.

Iran, US, EU to Send Envoys to Vienna for Nuclear Talks

  • Iran, the United States and the European Union would send senior representatives to Vienna amid what appears to be a last-ditch effort at reviving talks over Tehran's tattered 2015 nuclear deal with world powers.
  • The prospects of the deal's restoration have darkened in the past few months with major sticking points remaining, including Tehran's demand that Washington provide guarantees that it won't again quit the pact and that it lift terrorism sanctions on Iran's paramilitary Revolutionary Guard.

US Senate Approves NATO Membership for Finland and Sweden

  • The US Senate approved Finland and Sweden`s accession to NATO, the most significant expansion of the 30-member alliance since the 1990s as it responds to Russia`s invasion of Ukraine. The Senate voted 95 to 1 to support ratification of accession documents, easily surpassing the two-thirds majority of 67 votes required to support ratification of the two countries` accession documents. "This historic vote sends an important signal of the sustained, bipartisan US commitment to NATO, and to ensuring our Alliance is prepared to meet the challenges of today and tomorrow," US President Joe Biden said in a statement.
  • Sweden and Finland had applied for NATO membership in response to the Feb. 24 invasion. Russia repeatedly warned both countries against joining the alliance.
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ENVIRONMENT

India Adds 10 more Ramsar Sites

  • India added 10 more names to the Ramsar list that designates wetlands of international importance taking the total number of such sites in the country to 64.
  • According to the statement, the 10 new sites include 6 wetlands from Tamil Nadu and one each from Goa, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha.
  • Under the convention on wetlands, an intergovernmental treaty, contracting parties are expected to identify and place suitable sites on the 'List of Wetlands of International Importance', also known as the Ramsar List.
  • In July 2022, India had added 5 wetlands to the list — Karikili Bird Sanctuary, Pallikaranai Marsh Reserve Forest and Pichavaram Mangrove in Tamil Nadu; Pala wetland in Mizoram and Sakhya Sagar in Madhya Pradesh.

Great Barrier Reef Sees Record Coral Cover, but it is Highly Vulnerable

  • Coral recovered from storms and bleaching events to record levels across much of Australia's Great Barrier Reef, a survey found.
  • The reef's northern and central parts have the highest amount of coral cover since monitoring began 36 years ago.
  • But coral cover in the southern part of the reef has decreased.
  • The new coral is particularly vulnerable - meaning the progress could be quickly undone by climate change and other threats.
  • Each year the Australian Institute of Marine Science (Aims) scans the reef to check its health - using divers slowly towed by a boat, as well as aerial surveys.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Online Marketplace Etsy Appoints Pankaj Jathar as VP and Country Head for India

  • US-Based e-Commerce company Etsy Inc appointed Pankaj Jathar as the Vice President and Country Head for India. He was earlier the CEO of Prione, a joint venture between Amazon and private equity fund, Catamaran, which Infosys founder N. R. Narayana Murthy floated.
  • Jathar held various senior roles at Amazon between 2011 and 2017 and was part of its Indian operations launch team. An engineer from Mumbai's Bharati Vidyapeeth University with an MBA from Kolkata's Indian Institute of Management, he has also worked with Accenture.
  • Since its launch in 2005, Etsy has become a niche destination for consumers seeking handcrafted products by local artisans. The online marketplace has been investing in India, which it considers one of its seven core markets globally.

LIC Breaks into Fortune 500 List

  • Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) broke into the latest Fortune Global 500 list, while Reliance Industries jumped 51 places.
  • The nation's biggest life insurer with revenue of USD 97.26 billion and a profit of USD 553.8 million, was ranked 98th on the just released Fortune 500 list.
  • Reliance Industries jumped 51 places to 104 on the 2022 list.
  • This is the first outing of LIC on the list, which ranks listed companies by sales.
  • The list, topped by US retailer Walmart, has nine Indian companies -- five of them state-owned, and four from the private sector.

Vodafone Idea (Vi) Appoints Ravinder Takkar as Chairman

  • Ravinder Takkar, MD and CEO of Vi (Vodafone Idea Limited), will take over as chairman from August 19. He replaces Himanshu Kapania, who stepped down as non-executive chairman of the company. Kapania was appointed non-executive chairman last August. Takkar's three-year term as MD and CEO ends in August and he is being replaced by chief financial officer (CFO) Akshaya Moondra.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Astronomy Lab in Bihar College Enters UNESCO Heritage List

  • UNESCO added a 106-year-old astronomical observatory at Langat Singh College in Bihar's Muzaffarpur on its list of important endangered heritage observatories of the world—raising hopes of reviving the neglected edifice that has little to show off its glorious past.
  • National Commission for History of Science member and Delhi University's former modern history professor JN Sinha said his constant push to draw UNESCO's attention towards the observatory, first of its kind in eastern India, finally bore fruit.
  • The observatory was built in 1916 in the 123-year old college, now affiliated to Bhim Rao Ambedkar Bihar University. A planetarium, probably the first in India, was also set up in the college in 1946. The observatory and planetarium functioned satisfactorily up to early 1970s. At present, it is lying completely dysfunctional and most of the costly machines in the observatory have either been lost or become junk.
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SPORTS

Saurav Ghosal Wins Historic Bronze for India in CWG Squash

  • Breaking a long-standing jinx, Saurav Ghosal claimed India's first ever singles medal in squash, a bronze, at the Commonwealth Games.
  • World No.15 Ghosal dominated the contest against England's James Willstrop from beginning to end, winning 11-6 11-1 11-4 in the bronze play-off.
  • It is Ghosal's second CWG medal, having won a mixed doubles silver with Dipika Pallikal in the 2018 Gold Coast edition.
  • Ghosal had lost the men's singles semi-final 3-0 (11-9 11-4 11-1) to New Zealand's Paul Coll.
View Month Wise

NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Mamata Reshuffles Cabinet, Supriyo and 7 others Take Oath as Ministers

  • Former Union minister Babul Supriyo, agricultural expert Pradip Majumdar and six other Trinamool Congress (TMC) legislators took oath as West Bengal ministers after Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee carried out a major reshuffle of her cabinet amid a probe by the Enforcement Directorate (ED) into the bribe-for-job scam that has rocked the state.
  • Four MLAs – Supriyo (Ballygunge constituency), Majumdar (Durgapur East), Snehasish Chakraborty (Jangipara) and Udayan Guha (Dinhata) – were sworn in as cabinet ministers by Governor La Ganesan at Raj Bhawan in the presence of the Chief Minister.
  • Majumdar, Chakraborty and Guha, whose father Kamal Guha was a well-known minister in the Left Front era, were given charge of the departments of panchayat and rural development, transport and north Bengal development, respectively.

Tiranga Bike Rally Organised by Union Culture Minister G. Kishan Reddy

  • The Vice President flagged off the 'Har Ghar Tiranga' bike rally of MPs from Red Fort to Vijay Chowk. The rally was organised by the Ministry of Culture to amplify the awareness of 'Har Ghar Tiranga', the Govt of India initiative to inculcate a personal connect between the citizens of India and the National Flag. Various Union Ministers too participated in the bike rally. The bike rally was held from Red Fort to Vijay Chowk.

India to Host UN Security Council Members for Special Meeting on Counter-terrorism in October

  • India will host diplomats of the 15-nation UN Security Council on October 29 for a special meeting on counter-terrorism.
  • India is halfway through the second year of its two-year term as an elected non-permanent member of the UN Security Council.
  • India's tenure at the Council will end in December when the country will also preside as president of the powerful UN organ for the month.
  • India chairs the Security Council Counter-Terrorism Committee for 2022 and will in October host diplomats of the 15-nation Security Council, including the US, China and Russia, for the counter-terrorism committee's special meeting.
View Month Wise

DEFENCE

Sujoy Lal Thaosen Gets the Additional Charge of DG of ITBP

  • Sashastra Seema Bal's director general in New Delhi, Dr. Sujoy Lal Thaosen assumed the additional responsibility of Director General of the Indo-Tibetan Border Police. Dr. Thaosen is a Madhya Pradesh Cadre IPS Officer from the 1988 batch. Dr. Thaosen received the charge and traditional baton from IPS Sanjay Arora. The ITBP, established in 1962, patrols the Indo-Chinese border. Additionally, it is used for a number of internal security tasks, such as anti-Naxal operations in Chhattisgarh.
  • Thaosen had previously served in a variety of capacities with various forces, including the Special Protection Group (SPG), which is tasked with providing close protection to the Prime Minister of India and previous Prime Ministers.
  • Sujoy Lal Thaosen, a two-time SPG veteran, was in charge of ensuring the safety of Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and previous leaders.
  • Thaosen was working as a special DG in the Border Security Force prior to being appointed as the SSB's director general (BSF). Thaosen is the 21st Director General of the SSB, which protects Bhutan's and Nepal's (1751 km) borders with India (699 km).

Indian Air Force Will Retire All Squadrons of MiG-21 by 2025

  • The Indian Air Force will retire one of its four remaining squadrons, MiG-21 (Russian combat aircraft) fighter jets by 2022 September and the other three are scheduled to be phased out by 2025. The old MiG-21s will be replaced with newer fighter jets. Six MiG-21s have been lost in crashes in the last 20 months, killing five pilots. The IAF also plans to start the phasing out of the three squadrons of MiG-29 fighter jets in the next five years.
  • The MiG-21s were supposed to be retired a long time ago but delays in induction of the LCA Tejas aircraft have forced the IAF to continue flying these planes.
  • The air force received its first single-engine MiG-21 in 1963.
  • The fighter jet has participated in many operations like Safed Sagar (Kargil, 1999), the operation of India in Pakistan in February 2019.
View Month Wise

DAYS AND EVENTS

U.S. Coast Guard Day

  • U.S. Coast Guard Day is held every August 4 to honour the establishment of the U.S. Coast Guard and the courageous work of the service members of the Coast Guard.
  • It is an internal event celebration for active and reserve Coast Guard members, their civilian employees, retirees and members of the Coast Guard Auxiliary. Coast Guard also participates in Armed Forces Week and Armed Forces Day.
  • The United States Coast Guard was established on 4 August, 1790 by Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton and later on known as the Revenue Marine. Let us tell you that Alexander Hamilton authorised the construction of ten vessels which is known as Revenue Service cutters. They were intended to enforce the earliest United States tariff laws.
View Month Wise

GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

IIT Kanpur Signs MoU with NPCI to Develop Secure Digital Payment Solutions

  • The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur and National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for sharing knowledge on innovative ideas and to collaborate on the development of indigenous digital payments solutions.
  • The collaboration will also help in the augmentation of cybersecurity controls for NPCI and its subsidiaries' products and services. The MoU will precipitate a wide array of collaborative efforts between NPCI and IIT Kanpur.
  • With this collaboration, eminent faculty members from IIT Kanpur will conduct deep informative sessions and deliver lectures for NPCI personnel on cybersecurity and the new trends in Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), security product roadmaps, and Distributed ledger technologies (DLT).
  • NPCI, on the other hand, will offer internship opportunities to IIT Kanpur students, providing them an invaluable experience of working on live projects of NPCI.

Govt. to Launch Gatishakti University

  • To handle the "complex system of transport sector", the Union Minister of Railways Ashwini Vaishnaw announced setting-up of Gatishakti University for technicality, engineering and finance education of railways, metro, highways and ports.
  • The university will focus on five areas including transport-based courses, skill development, applied research, technology development, and transport economics.
View Month Wise

BOOKS AND AUTHORS

A Book Titled "Lion of The Skies: Hardit Singh Malik" by Stephen Barker

  • A book titled "Lion of the Skies: Hardit Singh Malik, the Royal Air Force and the First World War" is all about an "India's first fighter pilot" who participated in the World War, long before the Indian Air Force was born. The book has been written by author Stephen Barker, who describes in great detail, how challenging it was for an Indian to serve in the British armed forces, fighting racial discrimination – both institutional and interpersonal.
  • During the First World War, Hardit Singh Malik served as a fighter pilot for both Royal Flying Corps (RFC) and the Royal Air Force (RAF) for fighting the Germans. He is also the first Indian Ambassador to France.
View Month Wise

LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Chief Justice Ramana Requested by Law Minister to Nominate Successor

  • Chief Justice of India N.V. Ramana, who is set to demit office on August 26 on superannuation, received a communication from the Law and Justice Minister to nominate his successor.
  • Justice U.U. Lalit, who is the senior most judge in the Supreme Court, is in line to become the next Chief Justice of India. Appointed to the apex top court directly from the Bar, he would be having a short tenure of less than three months, as the Chief Justice of India as he is set to retire on November 8.
  • According to the Memorandum of Procedure, the Law Minister seeks recommendation from the outgoing CJI to nominate his successor. Usually, the recommendation is sought within a month of the retirement of incumbent Chief Justice of India.
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