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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

31 May 2022

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

India, UAE Sign MoU to Establish Framework to Facilitate & Enhance Bilateral Cooperation on Climate Action

  • India and United Arab Emirates signed an MoU to establish a framework to facilitate and enhance bilateral cooperation on climate action. The agreement was signed between Environment, Forest and Climate Change Minister Bhupender Yadav and UAE Climate Envoy and Minister of Industry and Advanced Technology Dr. Sultan Al Jaber in New Delhi. The basic objective of this MoU is to establish a framework to facilitate and enhance bilateral cooperation on climate action, and also contributes towards implementing the Paris Agreement.
  • Mr. Yadav stressed that the issues of climate finance, adaptation, loss and damage, need more focus in the road beyond COP26. He acknowledged and appreciated the UAE's climate actions, and also shared India's concrete climate actions.

Russia Takes Full Control of Lyman in East Ukraine

  • Eastern Ukrainian town of Lyman fell under the full control of Russian and Russian-backed forces in the region. Pro-Russian separatists from the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic had fully captured the town, a railway hub west of Sievierodonetsk.
  • In a daily update, Russia said it had used missile strikes to destroy Ukrainian command posts in Bakhmut and Soledar. Both towns lie on a strategically important road running southwest from Lysychansk and Sievierodonetsk, where the main Russian offensive is now concentrated. The ministry also said it had destroyed five command and observation posts, hit areas where Ukrainian soldiers and equipment were located and destroyed four ammunition depots near the towns of Nyrkove, Bakhmut and Myronivka.
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ENVIRONMENT

Adani Green Arm Commissions India's First Wind-solar Hybrid Power Plant in Jaisalmer

  • In a major push to India's green energy drive, Adani Green subsidiary Adani Hybrid Energy Jaisalmer One Limited commissioned a 390 MW wind-solar hybrid power plant at Jaisalmer. The plant is India's first wind and solar hybrid power generation plant. The hybrid power plant, integrated through solar and wind power generation, harnesses the full potential of renewable energy by resolving the intermittency of the generation and provides a more reliable solution to meet the rising power demand.
  • The new plant has a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) with the Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) with tariff at Rs. 2.69 per kWh, well below the Average Power Procurement Cost (APPC) at national level, delivering access to affordable, modern, and clean energy to all.

New Arunachal Monkey Named after Sela Pass

  • A new species of old world monkey, "The Sela Macaque" was geographically separated from the Arunachal Macaque by the Sela, an eastern Himalayan pass located at an altitude of 13,700 feet. Sela macaque (Macaca selai), the new-to-science primate was identified and analysed by a team of experts from the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) and the University of Calcutta.
  • Phylogenetics relates to the evolutionary development and diversification of a species or group of organisms. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Sela macaque was geographically separated from the Arunachal macaque ( Macaca munzala) of the Tawang district by Sela. This mountain pass acted as a barrier by restricting the migration of individuals of these two species for approximately two million years. Sela is situated between Dirang and Tawang towns in western Arunachal Pradesh.

Geological Survey of India: Bihar has INDIA'S Largest Gold Reserves

  • A survey by the Geological Survey of India stated that a gold reserve of around 222.88 million tonnes including 27.6 tonnes of mineral-rich ore are present in the Jamui district of Bihar. The Nitish Kumar government in Bihar decided to give permission for the exploration of what is being called as India's largest gold reserve.
  • The State Mines and Geology Department is in consultation with agencies engaged in the exploration, including GSI and the National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC), for the exploration of gold reserves in Jamui.
  • The top official added that the consultation process had started after analysing the survey findings which indicated the presence of gold in areas such as Karmatia, Jhajha and Sono in the Jamui district.
  • The Bihar government is likely to sign a memorandum of understanding with a central agency or agencies for G3 (preliminary) stage exploration within a month's time, adding that in certain areas G2 (general) exploration can also be carried out.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

World's Richest Man, Elon Musk Was 2021's Highest Paid CEO

  • Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk topped the list of the most highly compensated CEOs on the Fortune 500 list in 2021. After Musk, the 10 most highly compensated Fortune 500 CEOs of 2021 are all tech and biotech CEOs, including the heads of Apple (Tim Cook), Netflix (Reed Hastings), and Microsoft (Satya Nadella).
  • In 2021, Musk realised compensation worth almost $23.5 billion, from exercising some Tesla stock options awarded in a 2018 multiyear "moonshot" grant. According to the Fortune 500, that was by far the biggest paycheck a CEO ever received.

Reliance Jio Starts Mobile Telephony Service on Kedarnath Trek Route in Uttarakhand

  • Badrinath-Kedarnath Mandir Samiti chairman Ajendra Ajay inaugurated the mobile and data services of Reliance Jio on the Kedarnath trek route. With this, Reliance Jio became the first operator to give mobile and data connectivity on the trek route between Gaurikund and the Himalayan shrine. Pilgrims en route to the temple will now stay connected with their loved ones through voice or video calls.
  • After a gap of two years during which the yatra was interrupted due to the Covid pandemic, there is a huge rush of pilgrims in 2022 for the Himalayan temples. A full capacity tower has been installed at Sonprayag, a very important halt location, in accordance with the plan to install five towers between Gaurikund and Kedarnath.

LIC Introduces Bima Ratna

  • The Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC), India's largest insurer, launched "Bima Ratna" – a non-linked, non-participating, individual, savings life insurance plan. The new plan, which is aimed at the domestic market, provides both protection and savings.
  • The key features of the plan include Death benefits, Survival benefits, Maturity benefits, Guaranteed Additions, Settlement Options, Grace Period and Revival solutions among other things. The Bima Ratna plan from LIC provides financial assistance to the policyholder's family in the case of the policyholder's untimely death during the policy term. It offers for periodic payments for the policyholder's survival at specified intervals to address various financial demands.
  • Premiums can be paid on a yearly, half-yearly, quarterly, or monthly basis (monthly premiums can only be paid through the National Automated Clearing House (NACH)) or by deductions from salary.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

US-built 'Frontier' Now World's Fastest Supercomputer

  • US-built supercomputer titled 'Frontier' dethroned Japan's 'Fugaku' (developed by the Riken Institute and Fujitsu), as the world's fastest machine with 1.1 exaflops of performance on the 59th TOP500 list published by an international conference of computer experts. The Frontier supercomputer at the US Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is the first to achieve an unprecedented level of computing performance known as exascale, a threshold of a quintillion calculations per second. Frontier features a theoretical peak performance of 2 exaflops, or two quintillion calculations per second, making it 10 times more powerful than ORNL's Summit system.
  • More than 100 members of a public-private team worked around the clock, from sourcing millions of components to ensuring deliveries of system parts on deadline to carefully installing and testing 74 HPE Cray EX supercomputer cabinets, which include more than 9,400 AMD-powered nodes and 90 miles of networking cables.
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SPORTS

Supernovas Win 3rd Women's T20 Challenge Title

  • Supernovas won the 3rd Women's T20 Challenge 2022 with a four-run victory over Velocity in the title clash. West Indies T20 specialist Deandra Dottin shined with both bat and ball as she powered Supernovas to a record third Women's T20 Challenge title triumph with a four-run victory over Velocity. The Women's T20 Challenge is an Indian women's cricket 20-20 tournament organised by BCCI.
  • Supernovas had won the first two editions of the Women's T20 Challenge in 2018 and 2019 before losing to Trailblazers in the final in 2020. The tournament was not held in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Indian GM Praggnanandhaa Loses to China's Ding Liren in Chessable Masters Final

  • Young Indian Grandmaster R. Praggnanandhaa went down fighting to world No.2 Ding Liren in the tie-break of the Meltwater Champions Chess Tour Chessable Masters 2022 online tournament final. The 16-year-old from Chennai fought back to win the second set after having lost the opener. But then lost the two-game blitz tie-breaker. Liren used his experience to trump Praggnanandhaa in the second of the tie-break games. After the first blitz game ended in stalemate, the Chinese player won the next in 49 moves to dash the Indian teenager's hopes.
  • The Indian GM had defeated the highly-rated Dutchman Anish Giri in the semifinal to become the first Indian player to reach the final of a Meltwater Champions Chess Tour event. He had beaten world No.1 Magnus Carlsen for a second time during the preliminary phase in which he finished fourth and got past Wei Yi of China in the quarterfinals.

Union Minister Anurag Thakur Inaugurates Takshashila Sports Complex at Viman Nagar in Pune

  • Union Minister for Youth Affairs and Sports Anurag Thakur inaugurated the Takshashila Sports Complex built by the Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC) at Viman Nagar. Underlining the importance of creating sports infrastructure at grassroot level, Thakur appealed to the corporates in Pune to come forward and fund sports facilities through their CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) funds.
  • Thakur stated that the Government attaches great importance to sports and the Centre has been working very closely with states to build grassroot level infrastructure across the country. Budget for sports, which earlier used to be around Rs. 1,200 crores was increased to Rs. 3,000 crore so that there is more fund to spend on sportspersons.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Telangana Govt. Launches Single-Pick Cotton Pilot Project

  • The Telangana Government launched a pilot project on single-pick cotton on about 50,000 acres. This comes at a time when cotton yields have remained stagnant for years and farmers are finding it tough to find labour to pick the bolls.
  • When compared to the tall varieties grown across the country now, the single-pick cotton will be suitable for machine harvest because the plants will grow to a uniform height of around knee-level. Machine harvesting of the low height variety will alleviate harvesting season problems. Farmers currently pick cotton bolls at least three times and sometimes up to four times. The single-pick method will extend the harvest by a few weeks and allow farmers to complete the harvest all at once.

WHO Partners with Rajasthan to Create Health Account

  • Health accounts are a critical area of health systems strengthening and an essential step towards achieving universal health coverage. Health accounts help monitor spending and provide insights from past expenditure to enable administrators to improve planning and allocation of resources within the health system, thus increasing efficiency and accountability.
  • The WHO country office for India is working with the Government of Rajasthan in implementing the first round of health accounts as a step towards institutionalizing processes and budgetary allocations. Health accounts serve as an important tool to generate evidence-based policymaking and WHO plans to undertake this exercise with other states in India as well.

NADI-3 Asian Confluence River Conclave Organised in Guwahati

  • NADI (Natural Allies in Development and Interdependence) is an initiative to articulate and activate a collective vision of sub-regional cooperation in the Bay of Bengal region and with South-East Asia. It recognizes the region south of the Himalayas from Ganga, Brahmaputra to Mekong as contiguity of river basins with common challenges that require close cooperation beyond their political borders.
  • External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar stressed the need for more collaborations between Northeast India, Bangladesh and ASEAN countries at NADI 3 Asian Confluence River Conclave 2022 in Guwahati. The two-day conclave was organised by Shillong-based think tank Asian Confluence in collaboration with the union ministry of external affairs, Act East Policy affairs department of the Assam government, North Eastern Council and other partners. The Bangladesh Foundation for Regional Studies is the country partner for the event and the International Union for Conservation of Nature, IIT Guwahati and Guwahati University are knowledge partners.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Legendary Jockey Lester Piggott Dies

  • The nine-time Epsom Derby winning jockey, legendary flat race jockey Lester Piggott died aged 86. Piggott is widely regarded as one of the greatest jockeys in the sport's history.
  • The 11-time British champion jockey rode 16 Irish classic winners at the track largely due to his partnership with trainer Vincent O'Brien. His first Derby winner came when he was just 18 on Never Say Die in 1954 with his ninth and last Teenoso in 1983.
  • Piggott rode his first winner, The Chase, at Haydock in 1948 when just 12 years of age and his last win came with Palacegate Jack at the same track in 1994, a few weeks short of his 59th birthday. He retired for a final time in 1995. He rode 4,493 winners, the third highest tally in British racing history behind only Gordon Richards and Pat Eddery.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

Anti-Tobacco Day

  • Anti-Tobacco Day or World No Tobacco Day is observed on May 31 every year across the globe to make people aware and educate them about the harmful effects of tobacco on health which causes cardiovascular diseases, cancer, tooth decay, staining of teeth etc.
  • Jharkhand was selected for World No Tobacco Day (WNTD) Award-2022 by the World Health Organisation. The Indian state was recognised by the global health body for its efforts in controlling tobacco consumption.
  • WHO Award for Tobacco Control was received by the State Tobacco Control Cell of the Health Department on the occasion of World No Tobacco Day in Delhi.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Sanjit Narwekar Gets V. Shantaram Lifetime Achievement Award at MIFF 2022

  • The 17th edition of the Mumbai International Film Festival of India (MIFF 2022) conferred V. Shantaram Lifetime Achievement Award on noted author and documentary filmmaker Sanjit Narwekar to commemorate his exquisitely deep, remarkably diverse and inspiring body of work. Union Minister of Commerce & Industry, Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution and Textiles Piyush Goyal presented the award to Sanjit Narwekar along with a cash prize of Rs. 10 lakh, Golden Conch and a citation.
  • Narwekar is a National award-winning film historian, author, publisher and documentary filmmaker with more than four decades of cross-media experience in Journalism, Public Relations, Publishing and Filmmaking.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) Launches Portal to Simplify Process of Recognition of Teacher Education Programme

  • National Council for Teacher Education launched an online portal to streamline the process of recognition of teacher education programs of Higher Education Institutions and Teacher Education Institutions. This portal will bring in a paradigm shift in the functioning of National Council for Teacher Education.
  • The portal aims to provide an automated robust framework thereby enhancing accountability, transparency and ease of doing business. The applications for the recently launched four year Integrated Teacher Education Programmes applications will be processed on this portal.

Shruti Sharma Tops UPSC, Women Get First 3 Spots

  • The top three positions for civil services examination, 2021, were bagged by women, with Shruti Sharma, a student of history, securing the first rank. Ankita Agarwal and Gamini Singla have taken the second and third rank, respectively. Aishwarya Verma secured the fourth position and Utkarsh Dwivedi achieved the fifth rank. A total of 685 candidates (508 men and 177 women) have qualified and have been recommended for appointment to various central services.
  • Sharma, who graduated in history (hons) from the University of Delhi, topped the examination with history as her optional subject.
  • The top 25 candidates comprise 15 men and 10 women. It is after six years that women have bagged the top three slots. In 2015, the top four positions were achieved by women. All the three women achievers said they would like to work for women empowerment and other important areas such as education and healthcare.
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ART AND CULTURE

India's Foremost Documentary Film Festival MIFF 2022 Begin in Mumbai

  • The 17th edition of the Mumbai International Film Festival for Documentary, Short Fiction, and Animation films (MIFF-2022) began with a colourful opening ceremony at the Nehru Centre, Worli in Mumbai, Maharashtra. MIFF 2022 got an overwhelming response from filmmakers across the world, receiving a whopping eight hundred and eight film entries from 30 countries. In commemoration of Bangladesh's 50 years of Independence, the country was chosen as the 'Country of Focus this year. A special package of 11 films from Bangladesh including the critically acclaimed film 'Hasina- A Daughter's Tale' will be presented at MIFF 2022.
  • The best film of the festival will receive the Golden Conch award, along with a cash prize of Rs. 10 lakh. Other awards carry cash prizes varying from five to one lakh along with Silver Conch, trophy and certificate. This award is instituted in memory of legendary filmmaker V. Shantaram, who was closely associated with the Films Division as Honorary Chief Producer during the 1950s.
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