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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

29 May 2022

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Sri Lanka PM Ranil Wickremesinghe Appointed as Finance Minister

  • Sri Lanka's newly appointed Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe doubled up as finance minister leading bailout talks with the International Monetary Fund. Wickremesinghe, who was appointed following violent unrest, was sworn in by President Gotabaya Rajapaksa as Minister of Finance and Economic Stabilization and National Policies.
  • Wickremesinghe held talks with foreign envoys, including from India, China and the U.S., and discussed with representatives from the Asian Development Bank and World Bank ways to replenish food, fertilizer and medicine supplies. Sri Lanka needs $4 billion over the next eight months to pay for essential imports.
  • As a member of the opposition, Wickeremesinghe had criticized the president's policies, pointing to falling foreign-currency reserves and flagging early on that the government should seek help from the IMF.

Leaders of Quad Nations Launch First-of-its-kind QUAD Fellowship

  • Leaders of Quad countries launched the QUAD Fellowship - a first-of-its-kind scholarship programme designed to build ties among the next generation of scientists and technologists from the four member nations. US President Joe Biden, Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his counterparts Anthony Albanese and Fumio Kishida from Australia and Japan respectively launched the fellowship that will sponsor 25 students per year from each Quad country to pursue masters and doctoral degrees at leading Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) universities in the US.
  • The Fellowship will sponsor 100 students per year - 25 from each Quad country - to pursue masters and doctoral degrees at leading STEM graduate universities in the United States.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Number of Rs. 2000 Currency Notes Continue to Decline

  • The number of bank notes of Rs. 2000 denomination steadily declined over the years to touch 214 crore or 1.6 per cent of the total currency notes in circulation at the end of March 2022, according to RBI annual report. The total number of currency notes of all denominations in circulation stood at 13,053 crore as of March, up from 12,437 crore from the year-ago period.
  • In value terms also, the Rs. 2000 denomination notes dipped from 22.6 per cent of the total value of currency notes in circulation to 17.3 per cent at the end of March 2021 and further to 13.8 per cent at the end of March 2022.
  • In volume terms, Rs. 500 denomination constituted the highest share at 34.9 per cent, followed by Rs. 10 denomination bank notes, which constituted 21.3 per cent of the total bank notes in circulation as on March 31, 2022. The Rs. 500 denomination notes accounted for 31.1 per cent share at the end of March 2021 and 25.4 per cent as of March 2020. In value terms, these notes rose from 60.8 per cent to 73.3 per cent from March 2020 to March 2022.

Govt. Brings Import of Paper under Compulsory Registration from Oct 1

  • In a bid to protect the domestic paper industry, the commerce and industry ministry decided to make registration compulsory for importing major paper products such as newsprint, handmade paper, envelopes, among others. All imports arriving on or after October 1, 2022 will be governed by the Paper Import Monitoring policy that aims to put an end to dumping of such products and address the issue of re-routing of goods through other countries in lieu of trade agreements.
  • This order will be applicable on a range of paper products such as newsprint, handmade paper, wallpaper base, duplicating paper, coated paper, uncoated paper, litho and offset paper, tissue paper, parchment paper, carbon paper, wall paper, envelops, toilet paper, cartons, account books, labels, bobbins, among others.
  • Paper products like currency paper, bank bond and cheque paper, security printing paper, among others, have been excluded from the monitoring system.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Two Indian Satellites to be Part of BRICS 'Virtual Constellation'

  • India and China are a step closer to working together in space after a joint commission on space cooperation for the BRICS bloc was established at a meeting of the top space agencies of Brazil, Russia, India and China.
  • Two orbiting Indian satellites Resourcesat-2 and 2A will be part of the "virtual constellation of remote sensing satellites", a data sharing mechanism among the BRICS countries.
  • The BRICS remote sensing constellation will be made up of six existing satellites contributed by the space agencies of BRICS countries including the CBERS-4, jointly developed by Brazil and China, Russia's Kanopus-V-type and China's Gaofen-6 and Ziyuan III 02.
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SPORTS

Murali Sreeshankar Wins the Gold Medal at the 12th International Jumping Meeting in Kallithea, Greece

  • India's premier long jumper Murali Sreeshankar won the gold medal at the 12th International Jumping Meeting in Kallithea, Greece, with an effort of 8.31 metres.Sreeshankar was followed by Swede Thobias Montler, who claimed silver with an 8.27m jump, and France's Jules Pommery, who bagged bronze with an 8.17m effort in the 10-player field. Only the top-three jumpers crossed the 8m mark. Meanwhile, Jeswin Aldrin finished fifth after he jumped 7.69m at the 17th Ibero-American Meeting in Huelva, Spain. Filip Pravdiva of Croatia (7.91m), Uruguay's Emiliano Lasa (7.82m) and Peruvian Jose Luis Mandros (7.77m) completed the top-three of the seven-player field.
  • The Tokyo Olympian is the current national record holder with a jump of 8.36m, which he had achieved in April 2022.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Kolkata Becomes First Metro City To Get Its Biodiversity Register

  • Kolkata is the first metro city in the country to prepare a detailed register of biodiversity. Kolkata Municipal Corporation released the People's Biodiversity Register (PBR), a document with details about the floral and faunal varieties in the city as well as its land use and human activities. The document is prepared by the biodiversity management committee (BMC) of the civic body under the supervision of the state biodiversity board and with help from NGOs. Chandigarh and Indore are other important cities which have prepared the document.
  • The report documented around 290 animal species, including about 70 species of butterflies, 47 varieties of fish, 84 varieties of birds and 22 varieties of mammals, based on the data sourced from 144 wards in the city.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

World Digestive Health Day

  • Every year, World Digestive Health Day (WDHD) is observed on 29 May. It is organised by the World Gastroenterology Organisation (WGO) in collaboration with the WGO Foundation (WGOF). Each year the day focuses upon a particular digestive disease and/or disorder in order to increase general public awareness of prevention, prevalence, diagnosis, management and treatment of the disease and/or disorder.
  • World Digestive Health Day was launched in 2004 to mark the 45th anniversary of the creation of the World Gastroenterology Organisation. The organisation has over 100 member societies and 50,000 individual members all over the world.

International Everest Day

  • International Everest Day is celebrated every year on May 29. The day was observed for the first time in 2008, the year Edmund Hillary died.
  • On this day, a series of memorial events and processions take place in Nepal's capital Kathmandu and the Everest region. International Everest Day is also a crucial annual event for Nepal's mountain tourism. Mount Everest attracts climbers, including highly experienced mountaineers, every year from across the globe. The British named it Mount Everest after Sir George Everest, a 19th-century British surveyor of South Asia.

International Day of UN Peacekeepers

  • The International Day of UN Peacekeepers is observed annually on May 29 to pay tribute to the contributions of uniformed and civilian personnel to the organisation's work.
  • Theme 2022: People Peace Progress: The Power of Partnerships
  • The UN Peacekeepers are also known as the Blue Helmets.
  • Captain Abdelrazakh Hamit Bahar of Chad has received posthumously the highest award in UN peacekeeping, the 'Captain Mbaye Diagne Medal for Exceptional Courage'.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

A. Gopalakrishnan Wins VASVIK industrial Research Award 2020

  • A. Gopalakrishnan, Director of the ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute won the VASVIK (Vividhlaxi Audyogik Samshodhan Vikas Kendra) Industrial Research Award for the year 2020 in the category of Agricultural Sciences and Technology. The award, which carries a cash prize of Rs. 1.51 lakh and citation, is in recognition of his significant contribution towards the research works related to fish genetics. The research works related to fish genetics which is relevant for conserving many commercially important and endangered species.
  • The VASVIK research award is presented to scientists and researchers who have excelled in various fields including agricultural sciences. His research works include the Genetic Stock Identification (GSI), species inventory, taxonomy, breeding and seed production of threatened and commercially important species for mariculture which has helped in improving scientific knowledge on Indian fishery and the conservative measures.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Tamil Nadu Government Launches Integrated Agri-development Scheme

  • Chief Minister MK Stalin launched the 'Kalaignarin All Villages Integrated Agricultural Development Programme' that proposes overall agriculture development in all the 15,525 village panchayats through a convergence of Union and State government schemes and externally-aided projects in five years.
  • In 2022, the programme will cover 1,997 village panchayats at a cost of Rs. 227.06 crore and benefit over nine lakh agricultural families.
  • The programme aims to bring 11.75 lakh hectares of land under net area cultivated in the next 10 years, increase the double-cropping area to 20 lakh hectares, and make Tamil Nadu among the top three States in production of foodgrains, coconut, cotton, sunflower, and groundnut.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

'Sex Work Legal', Supreme Court Gives Historic Judgement on Prostitution

  • In a significant order recognising sex work as a "profession" whose practitioners are entitled to dignity and equal protection under law, the Supreme Court has directed that police should neither interfere nor take criminal action against adult and consenting sex workers.
  • The Bench ordered that sex workers should not be "arrested or penalised or harassed or victimised" whenever there is a raid on any brothel since voluntary sex work is not illegal and only running the brothel is unlawful.
  • Also, a child of a sex worker should not be separated from the mother merely on the ground that she is in the sex trade. Further, if a minor is found living in a brothel or with sex workers, it should not be presumed that the child was trafficked.
  • The court ordered the police to not discriminate against sex workers who lodge a criminal complaint, especially if the offence committed against them is of a sexual nature. Sex workers who are victims of sexual assault should be provided every facility including immediate medico-legal care.
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