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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

20 Aug 2021

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

IMF Suspends Afghanistan's Access to Funds

  • The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has said Afghanistan will no longer be able to access the lender's resources.
  • The move follows the Taliban's takeover of the country last weekend.
  • An IMF spokesperson said it was due to "lack of clarity within the international community" over recognising a government in Afghanistan.
  • Resources of over $370m (£268m) from the IMF had been set to arrive on 23 August.
  • These funds were part of a global IMF response to the economic crisis.
  • Access to the IMF's reserves in Special Drawing Rights (SDR) assets, which can be converted to government-backed money, have also been blocked. SDRs are the IMF's unit of exchange based on sterling, dollars, euros, yen and yuan.

China NPC: Three-child Policy Formally Passed into Law

  • China has formally revised its laws to allow couples to have up to three children, to boost the birth rate.
  • The regulation was one of several passed at a meeting of the country's top lawmakers, the National People's Congress (NPC).
  • That decision has now been formally passed into law, along with several resolutions aimed at boosting the birth rate and "reducing the burden" of raising a child, said Xinhua news agency.
  • These include cancelling the "social maintenance fee" - a financial penalty couples pay for having children beyond the limit, encouraging local governments to offer parental leave, increasing women's employment rights; and improving childcare infrastructure.
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ENVIRONMENT

Arvind Kejriwal to Inaugurate Country's First Smog Tower

  • According to Delhi Environment Minister Gopal Rai, the country's first smog tower will be inaugurated by Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal.
  • The smog tower, located at Baba Kharak Singh Marg, Connaught Place, will clean 1,000 cubic metres of air every second and reduce PM 2.5 and PM 10 levels in Delhi.
  • The scientists of the Delhi Pollution Control Committee will accordingly assess the performance of the tower and present a monthly report.
  • As per Delhi Environment Minister, if the smog tower is found effective, more such towers will be set up across the national capital.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

GMR Group Can Operate Nagpur Airport

  • GMR group will be able to operate the Nagpur airport with the Bombay High Court ruling in its favour in a legal dispute against Mihan India Limited.
  • The Nagpur bench of Bombay High Court set aside Mihan's March 2020 order to cancel the award letter issued to GMR Group. The court has also ordered it to execute a concession agreement with the GMR Group in six weeks. The group plans to invest over Rs. 1,200 crore to build a new integrated terminal.
  • The GMR group operates Delhi and Hyderabad airports and is also constructing greenfield airpots in Goa and Bhogapuram in Andhra Pradesh. In October 2018 the group emerged as the highest bidder for operation and management of Nagpur airport for period of thirty years.

IFSCA Does Pilot Run of International Bullion Exchange

  • The International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA) chairperson did the pilot run of the International Bullion Exchange.
  • Scheduled to go live in October 2021 on the Foundation Day of IFSCA, the exchange falls under the International Financial Services Centres Authority (Bullion Exchange) Regulations, 2020 which was notified on December 11, 2020 following the announcement by the Finance Minister in Union Budget 2020-21.
  • The IFSCA has envisioned the International Bullion Exchange as a 'Gateway for Bullion Imports into India', wherein all the bullion imports for domestic consumption shall be channelised through the exchange.

HCL Tech Appoints Fabiano Funari as the Country Head for Brazil

  • Technology services firm HCL Technologies said it has appointed Fabiano Funari as the country head for Brazil.
  • Funari joined the organization to spearhead HCL's growth for all industries and capabilities in Brazil, where HCL employs more than 800 people across its national headquarters in Sao Paulo and delivery centers in Sao Paulo, Sau Leopoldo and Curitiba.
  • HCL services more than 30 clients across Brazil.
  • Funari has held leadership positions at various global technology companies.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

TCS launches Google Cloud Garages for Enterprise Customers

  • Tata Consultancy Services Ltd (TCS) launched 'Google Cloud Garages' to help enterprise customers evaluate cloud solutions, prototype applications, and apply analytics to address business opportunities.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Cabinet Approves Ratification of Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol

  • Months ahead of major climate change talks in UK, the Union Cabinet has approved ratification of the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol - a major step towards for phase down of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) substances that are known to add to green house gas emissions.
  • The amendment -which India will now ratify - was adopted by the Parties to the Montreal Protocol on October, 2016 at 28th Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol held in Kigali, Rwanda.
  • The Kigali Amendment aims to phase-down hydrofluorocarbons(HFCs) by curbing both their production and consumption. Though HFCs don't impact the ozone layer, they are powerful greenhouse gases. HFCs are used as replacements for hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which are ozone-depleting gases.
  • The amendment entered into force on 1 January 2019.
  • With the Kigali Amendment, the Montreal Protocol will be an even more powerful instrument against global warming. The amendment aims to achieve over 80% reduction in HFC consumption by 2047, which will curb a global increase of temperature by up to 0.5 degrees Celsius by the end of the century.

India-Bangladesh: Cabinet Approves MoU on Disaster Management

  • Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, has approved the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on Disaster Management between India and Bangladesh that was signed in March, 2021.
  • MoU was signed between National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), Ministry of Home Affairs of India and Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief of Bangladesh.
  • MoU involves Cooperation in the field of Disaster Management, Resilience and Mitigation.
  • MoU was signed to put in place a system where both India and Bangladesh will be benefited from Disaster Management mechanisms of each other. MoU will help in strengthening preparedness, response and capacity building in the area of Disaster Management.
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DEFENCE

EAM Announces Rollout of 'UNITE Aware' Tech

  • India has launched a tech platform named "UNITE Aware", in collaboration with the UN, for improving the safety and security of the UN peacekeepers. The platform was launched in the presence of External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar at the UN headquarters. The launch of the UNITE AWARE platform came as India assumed the Presidency of the 15-nation UN Security Council for the month of August.
  • India has contributed USD 1.64 million for UNITE Aware. UNITE Aware platform will provide terrain-related information to the United Nations military personnel (Blue Helmets) in the line of duty. India has developed the technology platform in partnership with the UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations and the Department of Operational Support.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Priyanka Chopra Jonas Named MAMI Film Festival Chairperson

  • Priyanka Chopra Jonas was announced as the chairperson of Jio MAMI Film Festival, almost four months after Deepika Padukone stepped down from the position.
  • The Mumbai Academy of Moving Image (MAMI) unveiled its plans for the coming year, edition and the change in leadership.
  • Priyanka was unanimously nominated by MAMI's Board of Trustees which comprises Nita M Ambani (Co-Chairperson), Anupama Chopra (Festival Director), Ajay Bijli, Anand G. Mahindra, Farhan Akhtar, Isha Ambani, Kabir Khan, Kaustubh Dhavse, Kiran Rao, Rana Daggubati, Riteish Deshmukh, Rohan Sippy, Siddharth Roy Kapur, Vikramaditya Motwane, Vishal Bhardwaj and Zoya Akhtar.

PR Sreejesh to be Brand Ambassador of Kerala Adventure Tourism

  • Olympian Parattu Raveendran Sreejesh (PR Sreejesh), goalkeeper and former captain of the Indian National Hockey team is set to be named as the brand ambassador of adventure tourism in Kerala. Sreejesh was a part of the Indian Hockey team that won the bronze medal at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic games. PR Sreejesh hails from Ernakulam, Kerala.

O.M. Nambiar Passes Away

  • Renowned athletics coach O.M. Nambiar, who nurtured one of India's greatest track and field stars PT Usha, passed away due to age-related illness. He was 89.
  • He is one of the first Dronacharya Award winners and this year's (2021) Padma Shri awardee.
  • A former Air Force man, Nambiar has turned several young talent into international athletes during his tenure as a renowned coach, including the legendary Usha, who missed a bronze medal at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics by one-hundredth of a second.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

Piyush Goyal Chairs the 5th Meeting of BRICS Industry Ministers

  • Union Minister of Commerce and Industry, Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution and Textiles, Shri Piyush Goyal chaired the 5th meeting of BRICS Industry Ministers Meeting under the Chairship of India. The Industry Ministers of BRICS Countries (Brazil, Russia, China and South Africa) Mr. Xiao Yaqing Minister of Industry & IT of the People's Republic of China, Mr. Ebrahim Patel, Minister of Trade, Industry & Competition of the Republic of South Africa, Mr. Carlos Da Costa, Deputy Minister, Ministry of Economy, Government of Federative Republic of Brazil and Mr. Denis Manturov, Minister of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation and delegates attended the virtual meeting.
  • India chose the theme of BRICS@15: Intra BRICS Cooperation for Continuity, Consolidation and Consensus for its Chairship, this year.
  • The meeting concluded with the BRICS Industry Ministers reaffirming their commitment to work together as a group, complement strengths of each other, share best practices and learn from weaknesses, and move ahead in a positive and constructive manner to achieve the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

Akshay Urja Diwas

  • India celebrates Indian Akshay Urja Diwas on August 20 every year. The main motive of celebrating this day is to make use of traditional energy having no side effects and using energy naturally like Biogas, Solar Energy, Wind Energy and Hydroelectrical Power etc.
  • India is known for its traditional ways of using things. Grounded to its roots, India's idea of using and popularising renewable energy goes back to centuries. olar Energy, Biogas, Wind Energy, Hydro-electrical power are some examples that India has been focusing on for ages. These also include carbon-neutral sources like sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat.
  • At the first Akshay Urja Diwas in 2004 a commemorative stamp was released by the Prime Minister. A human chain of nearly 12,000 school children was formed in the national capital to promote a renewable future.

World Mosquito Day

  • To raise awareness and alertness about the disease caused by mosquitos, World Mosquito Day is observed annually on 20th August. Despite being very small or tiny in size, mosquitoes are the only predator in history that has lived through centuries and caused death through vector-borne diseases like malaria.
  • Due to their dangerous illness and disease, mosquitoes are counted among the world's deadliest that kills around 7 lakh people every year. Moreover, as per a survey of the world's deadliest animals, mosquitoes have topped the list.
  • Other than creating awareness, World Mosquito Day remembers Sir Ronald Ross who discovered and exposed the link between female mosquitoes and malaria.
  • This year amid the coronavirus pandemic, the theme of World Mosquito Day 2021 is "Reaching the zero-malaria target".
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

EMMRC Pune Documentary Bags Second Award at National Science Film Festival

  • A documentary titled "Kamala- The Swadeshi Nutri-Indian" produced by the Educational Multimedia Research Centre (EMMRC) of the Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU) has won the second award at the national-level science film festival held in August to commemorate 75 years of independence. The award comprises Rs. 50,000 along with a certificate and memento.
  • The award-winning film depicts the life and contributions of Dr Kamala Bhagwat Sohoni, the first Indian woman scientist to pursue a PhD in science from Cambridge University. The documentary has been directed by Dr. Sameer Sahasrabudhe, director, EMMRC; with the able assistance of Milind Patil as editor and assistant director; and Ajita Deshmukh as scriptwriter.
  • The national-level science film festival was organised by Vigyan Prasar of the science and technology department of the central government, which holds a competition every year on the occasion of Independence Day. This time, the competition was held online on August 13 and 14 in New Delhi.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Karnataka Cabinet Approves Implementation of Mental Healthcare Act for Covid

  • The Karnataka cabinet approved the implementation of the Karnataka State Mental Healthcare Act 2021, which will go a long way in helping the society deeply affected by the Covid-19 pandemic.
  • J. Madhuswamy, Minister for Law, Parliamentary Affairs and Legislation, made the announcement after the cabinet meeting.
  • The legislation helps in providing healthcare and services for persons with mental health issues. It will protect, promote and fulfil the rights of persons in need of treatment for mental health.
  • Under the act, a State Mental Health Authority will be set up. A committee under the chairmanship of the Director of the NIMHANS Institute will be constituted for the drafting of guidelines for the authority. The authority will also maintain a registry and publish a list of clinical psychologists, nurses, social workers and health workers in the field of mental health.
  • The state act is being implemented in tandem with the Central Mental Healthcare Act, 2017.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

N. K. Singh Succeeds Manmohan as President of IEG

  • N. K. Singh, chairman of the Fifteenth Finance Commission, has been elected president of the Institute of Economic Growth (IEG). He succeeds former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh.
  • A prominent administrator and policymaker, Singh has been the chairman of the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management review committee and also served as member of the Rajya Sabha (2008 –2014).
  • The Institute of Economic Growth (acronym IEG), is an autonomous body and civil service training institute under the Government of India, founded in 1952 by the renowned economist, V. K. R. V. Rao, for advanced research on economic and social development.
  • The Institute of Economic Growth (acronym IEG), is an autonomous body and civil service training institute under the Government of India, founded in 1952 by the renowned economist, V. K. R. V. Rao, for advanced research on economic and social development. It is widely regarded as a centre of excellence in the field. The Institute is situated on Malka Gunj road, at University Enclave, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.
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