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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

29 May 2021

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Nepal's Constitutional Bench to Hear Petitions against House Dissolution

  • Nepal's Chief Justice Cholendra Shumsher Rana has picked four justices of the Supreme Court (SC) for the Constitutional Bench to hear the 30 writ petitions filed against the dissolution of the House of Representatives by the President.
  • There is a provision of a five-member Constitutional Bench to settle the disputes over constitutional matters.
  • As many as 30 writ petitions have been registered at the apex court against President Bidya Devi Bhandari's May 22 move to dissolve the lower house of Parliament on the advice of Prime Minister K P Sharma Oli, who is heading a minority government.
  • The newly-formed bench includes justices Dipak Kumar Karki, Aanand Mohan Bhattarai, Tej Bahadur KC and Bam Kumar Shrestha, besides the Chief Justice.

Bashar al-Assad Wins a Fourth Term

  • Syrian President Bashar Assad was re-elected in a landslide, ushering in a fourth seven-year term in the war-torn country following an election described as illegitimate and a sham by the West and his opposition.
  • Assad's win was not in doubt, in an election where officials said 18 million were eligible to vote. But in the country ravaged by the 10-year-old conflict, areas controlled by rebels or Kurdish-led troops did not hold the vote.
  • At least 8 million, mostly displaced, live in those areas in northwest and northeast Syria. Over 5 million refugees mostly living in neighbouring countries have largely refrained from casting their ballots.
  • US and European officials have also questioned the legitimacy of the election, saying it violates UN resolutions in place to resolve the conflict, lacks any international monitoring, and is unrepresentative of all Syrians.

Talks on to Bring Limpiyadhura-Lipulekh-Kalapani Area Back from India's Control

  • Nepal Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli said that his government is engaged in dialogue with India to bring back the disputed tri-junction of Limpiyadhura, Lipulekh and Kalapani area from India's control.
  • The areas lying on the east of Mahakali is of Nepal and we have issued our land in the political and administrative map and passed it (through parliament).
  • The conditions are 'unfavorable' in the disputed tri-junction of Limpiyadhura, Lipulekh and Kalapani and therefore elections announced in November will not be held in these regions.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Tata Group Acquires Majority Stake in BigBasket

 

Tata Group Acquires Majority Stake in BigBasket

  • After Tata Sons announced the acquisition of BigBasket, the e-grocery player's co-founder and Chief Executive (CEO), Hari Menon, said it is going to be business as usual at the company.
  • Cementing its foray into the online grocery market, Tata Sons, through its subsidiary Tata Digital, has acquired a majority stake in BigBasket. While the company declined to comment on valuations, reports suggest Bigbasket's valuation at $2 billion.
  • The Competition Commission of India had last month approved Tata Digital's acquisition of up to 64.3 per cent of the total share capital of BigBasket's parent company Supermarket Grocery Supplies.

Canara Bank Gets Board Approval to Raise up to Rs. 9,000 cr in FY22

  • State-owned Canara Bank is looking to raise up to Rs. 9,000 crore through equity and debt this financial year, as per the approval granted by the board of directors.
  • The board of directors of the bank in its meeting approved the capital raising plan for the year 2021-22 amounting up to Rs. 9,000 crore by way of equity and debt instruments.
  • Under this capital raise approval, the bank will raise equity capital amounting up to Rs. 2,500 crore by way of qualified institutional placement (QIP) during the current fiscal.
  • Capital up to Rs. 4,000 crore is to be raised by issuing additional tier I Basel III compliant bonds, and the rest of Rs. 2,400 crore is to be raised by issuing additional tier II Basel III compliant bonds.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

DRDO Develops Near-isothermal Forging Technology for Aero-Engines

  • The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) announced a modest step towards achieving the ultimate aeronautical challenge, one that even resource-rich China is struggling to achieve: Developing a jet engine with the thrust to power a fighter in combat.
  • This technological breakthrough, which involves developing complex titanium and nickel-based alloys that can withstand temperatures of more than 1,000 degrees Celsius, was achieved by the DRDO's premier metallurgical laboratory, the Hyderabad-based Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory (DMRL).
  • With this development, India has joined the league of limited global engine developers to have the manufacturing capabilities of such critical aero-engine components.
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SPORTS

Saina Nehwal, Kidambi Srikath Miss Out on Olympics

  • Olympic medallist Saina Nehwal and Kidambi Srikanth's hopes of making it to this year's Tokyo Olympic Games ended as badminton's global governing body said that no more qualifying tournaments would be played due to the Covid-19 pandemic.
  • Four Indians, PV Sindhu, Sai Praneeth, Satwiksairaj Rankireddy, and Chirag Shetty, have qualified for the July-August Olympics in Tokyo. Olympic silver medallist Sindhu and 2019 World Championships bronze medallist Praneeth will represent India in women's and men's singles while Rankireddy and Shetty have qualified for the men's doubles event.

Hong Kong Woman Breaks Record for Fastest Ascent of Everest

  • Hong Kong mountaineer Tsang Yin-hung recorded world's fastest ascent of Everest by a woman in just 26 hours.
  • Tsang climbed the 8,848.86-metre mountain in a record time of 25 hours and 50 minutes in her third attempt.
  • Earlier in 2017, Tsang became first Hong Kong woman to climb the top.
  • She broke the earlier record of Nepali women Phunjo Jhangmu Lama completed the climb in 39 hours 6 minutes.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

India-Uzbekistan Ties Set to Grow

  • India and landlocked Uzbekistan are set to reboot ties, taking advantage of Iran's likely accommodation in the international mainstream and the rapidly approaching political transition in Afghanistan.
  • Three major factors are likely to shape New Delhi's relationship with Uzbekistan-a resource rich nation with a deep historical connect with India. Separated by only 3000 kilometres, India sees Uzbekistan as a gateway to Central Asia. The country can also become a cockpit of the rivalry between India and China, with Russia as the elephant in the room.
  • Already India, Iran and Uzbekistan have held their first ministerial meeting to leverage the location of Chabahar port. India and Uzbekistan under the 2011 Ashgabat Agreement also plan to build a transit and transport corridor between Central Asia and the Persian Gulf.

Randeep Hooda Removed as UN Ambassador

  • Actor Randeep Hooda has been removed as the ambassador of Convention for the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, United Nation's environmental treaty, following row over his derogatory comment against BSP chief Mayawati.
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DEFENCE

US-Russia Open Skies Treaty

  • The US administration led by Biden, does not seek to re-join the Open Skies Treaty.
  • The treaty is a key arms control agreement that allowed US and Russia to fly surveillance aircraft over their military facilities
  • According to US administration, US does not seek to renter the pact because of Russia's failure to comply with it.
  • Now, "New START treaty" is the only major arms control pact between both the countries which was extended for five years recently by US.
  • The Open Skies Treaty was signed by United States on March 24, 1992. It came into effect in 2002. The Treaty allows both member countries to fly surveillance aircraft over military facilities. The treaty was signed to promote transparency among member countries.
  • Former President of US, Donald Trump, announced its withdrawal in November 2020 while, Russia announced to withdraw in January 2021.
  • Proposal for aerial surveillance was first proposed by Former US President Dwight Eisenhower in July 1995. However, Russia then rejected proposal on ground of spying. In 1989, the proposal was again introduced by former President US, George Bush, following a conference between NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) and Warsaw Pact countries. Finally, in 1992, treaty was signed and came into force in 2002.

Croatia to Buy Second-hand Rafale F3-R Fighter Jets

  • Croatia's government has made a decision to buy 12 second-hand Rafale F3-R fighter jets from France for the country's Air Force.
  • The purchase of the multirole fighter aircraft will strengthen Croatia's position as a member of NATO and a partner within the European Union.
  • The deal is to be worth some €999 million (U.S. $1.2 billion) and, in addition to the aircraft, it will cover weapon systems, spare parts, logistics and training. Following the cabinet's decision, Zagreb will proceed to negotiate the contract's details with Paris.
  • Under the plan, France is to deliver the first six twin-engine aircraft in 2024, and the remaining six Rafales will be supplied the following year. The delivered aircraft will include 10 single-seater and two twin-seater fighter jets.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Jagjit Pavadia is President of Vienna based INCB

  • Jagjit Pavadia, the former Narcotics Commissioner of India and a retired officer of the Indian Revenue Service (Customs), has been elected president of the International Narcotics Control Board (INCB). She is the first Indian to be heading the Vienna-based organization and the second woman to hold this office.
  • The Board will pay particular attention to the timely supply of and access to controlled drugs during emergency situations. It will also continue its work on the development of guidelines for the control and monitoring of cannabis and cannabis-related substances. INCB monitors the compliance of UN Member States with the three international drug control conventions and the functioning of the international drug control system.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

International Everest Day

  • International Everest Day 2021 is celebrated on May 29 every year. This day is observed in the memory of the first summit of Mount Everest by New Zealand's Sir Edmund Hillary and Nepal's Tenzing Norgay Sherpa that took place on May 29, 1953. They climbed Mount Everest on this day.
  • They were the first humans to scale the height of Mount Everest. In 2008, Nepal decided to observe the day as International Everest Day after Sir Edmund Hillary died. Since then, every year, Mount Everest Day is celebrated with processions, memorial and special events in Kathmandu, Nepal, and the Everest region.

International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers

  • The United Nations has designated 29 May as the International Day of UN Peacekeepers. The day aims to celebrate the contributions of civilian and uniformed personnel who perform the task of peacekeeping for the organisation.
  • According to the official website, 130 UN peacekeepers lost their lives last year and 4,000 have died since 1948, when the UN peacekeeping mission began.
  • In 1948, the UN sent its first peacekeeping mission called the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO) which started functioning in Palestine.
  • UNTSO started its operation in Palestine on 29 May. Therefore, this day was selected as the International Day of UN Peacekeepers.
  • The theme of the International Day of UN Peacekeepers 2021 is "The road to a lasting peace: Leveraging the power of youth for peace and security".
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Thamizh's Debut Film 'Seththumaan' Wins Grand Jury Award

  • Tamil filmmaker Thamizh's debut film Seththumaan and Karishma Dube's short Bittu have bagged top prizes at the Indian Film Festival of Los Angeles (IFFLA).
  • The 19th edition of the festival concluded its eight-day run, during which it showcased 40 films in 17 languages, including movies by 16 women directors.
  • A jury comprising of Milan Chakraborty, Nathan Fischer and Jenn Wilson declared Thamizh's 'Seththumaan' as the winner of Grand Jury Award for Best Feature.
  • Filmmaker Sajin Baabu's Malayalam film 'Biriyaani' was recognised with the Honorable Mention, while Ajitpal Singh's 'Fire in the Mountains' took home the Audience Award for Best Feature.
  • Karishma Dube's 'Bittu', which was in the race for a nomination at the 2021 Oscars, bagged the Grand Jury Prize for Best Short.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Students to Benefit from Financial Help by Government under Midday Meal Scheme

  • To help safeguard the nutritional levels of children, the central government has decided to provide financial help to 11.8 crore students under the Midday Meal scheme through Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) of the cooking cost for the meals.
  • Union Minister for Education Ramesh Pokhriyal 'Nishank' has approved the proposal for the same.
  • With schools closed for montsh due to Covid-19, this move will give a fillip to the Midday Meal programme.
  • This is in addition to the Government of India's announcement of distribution of free-of-cost food grains at Rs 5/kg per person per month to nearly 80 crore beneficiaries under the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PM-GKAY).
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ART AND CULTURE

US Returns Ancient Stone Carvings to Thailand

  • Two ancient sandstone carvings, believed to have been stolen from Thailand and smuggled to the US during the Vietnam War, are being repatriated.
  • The carvings were originally lintels - support beams - in temples dating back to the 10th century and feature the Hindu deities Indra and Yama.
  • For decades they have been on display in San Francisco's Asian Art Museum.
  • They are due to go on display at the National Museum in the Thai capital, Bangkok.
  • The San Francisco museum said it always wanted to return the beams to Thailand, but disputed experts' allegations that they had been stolen.
  • "We are very pleased that these lintels are going back to their country of origin," said Jay Xu, the museum director.
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BOOKS AND AUTHORS

A New Book to Raise Funds for Child Rights amid Pandemic

  • Aditya Gupta, a Delhi-based entrepreneur and mountaineer aim to raise Rs. 1 crore for COVID-19 relief from the sale proceeds of his book "7 Lessons from Everest – Expedition Learnings from Life and Business" released in 2021. The coffee-table book, with 350 stunning images spread over 250 pages, is written by Aditya Gupta.
  • The book narrates the author's experience of scaling Mt. Everest at the age of 50 in 2019 and shares the virtues of "preparation, passion, perseverance, mental toughness, and resilience". The proceeds from the book will be given to NGO Child Rights and You (CRY).
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