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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

25 May 2021

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Appoint Deuba as PM of Nepal

  • Nepal's Opposition alliance filed a writ petition in the Supreme Court demanding restoration of the House of Representatives and appointment of veteran Nepali Congress leader Sher Bahadur Deuba as the Prime Minister.
  • Leaders of the alliance moved the apex court two days after President Bidya Devi Bhandari dissolved the 275-member House on the recommendations of Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli, who headed a minority government after losing a trust vote in the House.
  • In the writ, the petitioners have demanded that Nepali Congress president Deuba should be lawfully appointed the Prime Minister of Nepal in accordance with Article 76 (5).
  • Their other demands include the scrapping of the announcement of elections in November, to stop election-related programmes amid the pandemic, and to issue an order to summon House meeting to facilitate presentation of the budget within the time provisioned by the Constitution.

Cindy Kiro New Zealand's Next Governor-general

  • Children's advocate Cindy Kiro hopes to inspire Maori girls after becoming the first indigenous woman appointed to the role of governor-general.
  • Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern picked Kiro for the largely ceremonial role as Queen Elizabeth II's representative, and that the queen had approved.
  • Under New Zealand's constitutional system, the British monarch remains the nation's head of state although it does not wield any real day-to-day power.
  • Kiro's five-year term begins in October, when she will replace Patsy Reddy. Both women have been given the honorific "Dame" for their services to the community.
  • Kiro is currently chief executive of the Royal Society, a nonprofit group which advocates for research.

Australia to Close Embassy in Afghanistan

  • Australia abruptly announced that it will shutter its embassy in Afghanistan this week, expressing fears over the increasingly uncertain security environment in Kabul as foreign troops withdraw.
  • The Taliban, which has ramped up violence across the country in recent weeks, reacted by saying it would provide a safe environment to foreign diplomats and humanitarian organisations.
  • The United States and allied forces are in the final stages of pulling out their remaining troops from Afghanistan, ending America's longest-ever war, but heralding an uncertain future for a nation in the tightening grip of Taliban militants.
  • According to Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison, the embassy would close in just three days.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Bank of Baroda's New Cheque Payment Rule

  • Bank of Baroda has issued a new notification for its customers regarding the stringent rules of cheque payment that is going kick in from the beginning of next month.
  • The bank from June 1, the bank is going to make Positive Pay confirmation mandatory. Under this, if the payment of more than Rs. 2 lakh is made through cheque, then the customer will have to confirm again. The transaction will be completed only when this process completes. Otherwise the cheque will be cancelled.
  • The bank said that confirmation can be done by the bank for cheque worth more than Rs 50,000. Customers can give confirmation by net banking, mobile banking, branch phone or SMS. For this, it will be necessary to share the name of the beneficiary, the amount (in rupees), the date of the cheque when it was issued, the amount numbers, the account number and the cheque number.

Zeta Enters Unicorn Club

  • Banking technology startup Zeta is the latest entrant to the unicorn club after raising $250 million in its Series C round from SoftBank Vision Fund 2. Sodexo participated as an additional minority investor in the round.
  • Founded by serial entrepreneur and billionaire Bhavin Thurakia, the startup is now valued at $1.4 billion. It is the 14th company this year to cross the $1 billion valuation mark after Meesho, Cred, Pharmeasy, ShareChat, Moglix and others.
  • The proceeds of this funding round will be used to accelerate Zeta's growth in the United States, Europe and India, including scaling its operations, team, and platform to meet the demands of its expanding customer base.

Liberty Steel to Sell UK Plant in Restructuring Plan

  • Liberty Steel, the company led by British Indian businessman Sanjeev Gupta, announced very constructive and productive meetings as part of its ongoing restructuring plans, which will result in the sale of its Stocksbridge plant in south-east England to help pay back lender Credit Suisse.
  • Gupta and his newly-formed Restructuring and Transformation Committee held advanced discussions with Credit Suisse Asset Management (CS) in Dubai to reach a formal standstill agreement on its Liberty Primary Metals Australia business while refinancing is completed that will repay Credit Suisse out in full.
  • The investment bank has, meanwhile, agreed to pause court proceedings against Gupta's empire while the sale of Stocksbridge is conducted.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Oldest Spiral Galaxy in the Universe

  • Astronomers have identified the oldest known spiral galaxy in the universe, which was formed around 12.4 billion years ago, after rediscovering a fuzzy, forgotten photo taken by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA).
  • The new galaxy, named BRI 1335-0417, measures 15,000 light-years across making it a third as big as our spiral-shaped home galaxy, the Milky Way. The galaxy formed around 1.4 billion years after the Big Bang, making it the earliest example of a spiral galaxy. It beats the previous oldest spiral, detected in 2019, by around 1.1 billion years. The oldest known galaxy in existence remains GN-z11, which formed around 400 million years after the Big Bang.
  • Researchers discovered the ancient galaxy after finding a photo of it in the ALMA archive. To the untrained eye the image may look blurry, but it actually contains a surprising amount of detail for such a distant galaxy.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

India and Israel Sign work Programme for Cooperation in Agriculture

  • India and Israel have signed a three-year joint work programme till 2023 with an aim to enhance cooperation in the field of agriculture.
  • So far, four such joint work programmes have been successfully completed. Under this programme, Centres of Excellence (CoEs) were set up to train farmers about Israeli farm and water technologies.
  • However, under the new work programme, Villages of Excellence (VoE) -- a model ecosystem in agriculture -- will be created across eight states alongside 13 CoEs within 75 villages and will promote the increase of net income and better the livelihood of the individual farmer, transforming traditional farms into modern-intensive farms based on IIAP standards.

UP Poll on Mind, BJP-RSS Brass Draws Image Makeover Strategy

  • Ahead of the crucial Uttar Pradesh Assembly elections next year, top BJP and RSS leaders met to devise a strategy to counter growing perceptions against Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath over handling of the second Covid wave.
  • PM Modi and Home Minister Amit Shah were present at the meeting between the BJP and and the RSS to discuss the impact of the pandemic on the image of the party and its governments at the Centre and UP. BJP president JP Nadda, RSS general secretary Dattatreya Hosabale and UP general secretary (organisation) Sunil Bansal were present too.

Three Shortlisted for CBI Chief's Post

  • A high-powered committee led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi has shortlisted three names, CISF Director General Subodh Kumar Jaiswal, Sashastra Seema Bal DG Kumar Rajesh Chandra and Home Ministry Special Secretary VSK Kaumudi, for the post of CBI Director.
  • Jaiswal, a 1985-batch IPS officer, is a former Maharashtra DGP. He is at present the CISF Director General.
  • Chandra, a 1985-batch IPS officer of the Bihar cadre, is at present posted as the SSB DG, while Kaumudi, a 1986-batch IPS officer of the Andhra Pradesh cadre, is posted as the Special Secretary (Internal Security) in the MHA.
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DEFENCE

Pakistani Air Force to Cooperate with Turkish Paramilitary Group

  • The Pakistani Air Force (PAF) has agreed to cooperate with a notorious Turkish paramilitary group that has been accused by the United Nations of deploying fighters from Syrian armed groups to take part in military operations in Libya.
  • The Pakistani Air Force's policy thinks tank, the Centre for Aerospace and Security Studies (CASS), has become a partner of the Islamic Union Congress, organised by the Association of Justice Defenders Strategic Studies Center (ASSAM), a front organization run by private military contractor SADAT, which many believe is a de facto paramilitary force loyal to the Islamist president of Turkey.
  • In 2020, the United Nations (UN) revealed how the Turkish government used its paramilitary contractor SADAT in Libya and requested an explanation from Turkish authorities in a letter signed by a group of senior rapporteurs.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

China's 'Father of Hybrid Rice' Yuan Longping Passes Away

  • Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, renowned for developing a hybrid rice strain that vastly improved the grain output in the country, passed away at the age of 91.
  • Born in Beijing in 1930, Yuan succeeded in cultivating high-yield hybrid rice strain in 1973, which was later grown on a large scale in China and other countries to substantially raise output.
  • Over the next four decades, he continued to research and upgrade hybrid rice, which has now reached its third generation. Until early this year, he had been conducting research at a seed breeding base in Hainan Province.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

International Missing Children's Day

  • International Missing Children's Day is observed globally on 25th May every year. This day is observed for missing children who have found their way home, remember those that are victims of crime, and continue efforts to seek out those that are still missing. 25 May is now widely referred to as Missing Children's Day, with the forget-me-not flower as its emblem.
  • The day was proclaimed in 1983, by U.S. President Ronald Reagan. In 2001, 25 May was the first formally recognized as International Missing Children's Day (IMCD), to a joint effort on the part of the International Centre for Missing and Exploited Children (ICMEC), Missing Children Europe and therefore the European Commission.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Naturalist Jane Goodall Wins 2021 Templeton Prize for Life's Work

  • The naturalist Jane Goodall has been announced as the 2021 winner of the Templeton Prize in recognition of her life's work on animal intelligence and humanity.
  • Goodall built her global reputation on her groundbreaking studies of chimpanzees in Tanzania in the 1960s. Her foundation, the Jane Goodall Institute, works with local communities as well as providing safe habitats for chimpanzees and gorillas, and its educational branch, Roots and Shoots, operates in 67 countries.

Kerala Farmer Bags India Biodiversity Award 2021

  • Shaji .N.M. fondly called as 'Tuber Man' of Kerala has been awarded the India Biodiversity Award 2021 in the individual category of 'Conservation of domesticated species'.
  • Mr. Shaji, who conserves a wide array of around 200 tuber crops including greater yam, lesser yam, elephant foot yam, arrow root, colocasia, sweet potato, cassava and Chinese potato in his farm has received State awards seven times for his efforts. He has also received the Plant Genome Savior Reward 2015, instituted by PPV&FR Authority, New Delhi.
  • He makes efforts to travel even to interior forests to get new types of tubers, which are known and used only by the tribal community, and even such special tubers are conserved in his field including six wild species. His farm has 40-odd varieties of turmeric and 30 varieties of ginger. He is also conserving many paddy varieties, which are on the verge of extinction.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

IIT Delhi Launches New Centre for Research in Optics and Photonics

  • The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi launched a new centre for optics and photonics. The centre will seek collaboration with establishments such as the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and industry to undertake R&D in the areas of importance for them.
  • The centre will focus on doctoral and postgraduate programmes including special programmes for industry professionals, along with the translation of research into products.

British Council Announces Creative Economies Scholarships

  • The British Council has announced a new Creative Economies Scholarship programme. Under this, the Council will provide 10 scholarships to students and young professionals from India to pursue postgraduate studies at four UK universities that provide culture policy and arts management programmes.
  • Applicants interested in this programme may apply for the scholarship directly with the four participating universities which include King's College London, University of Glasgow, Birmingham City University, and Goldsmiths University of London.
  • Successful applicants will be provided with financial support and will have opportunities to network and develop important industry connections.
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ART AND CULTURE

Huge Cemetery with at Least 250 Rock-cut Tombs

  • About 250 tombs, some with fancy layouts and hieroglyphics, have been discovered cut into a hill at Al-Hamidiyah cemetery to the east of Sohag, in Egypt's Eastern Desert, about 240 miles (386 kilometers) southeast of Cairo.
  • The tombs were constructed at different times in Egypt's history. The earliest were constructed about 4,200 years ago, at a time when Egypt's "Old Kingdom," as modern-day Egyptologists call it, was collapsing. At this time, the pharaohs of Egypt were losing control of the country, as a number of local governors gained power. Why these tombs were cut into the hill is not clear but it was not an uncommon practice in ancient Egypt.
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BOOKS AND AUTHORS

A Book Titled "Nehru, Tibet and China" Authored by Avtar Singh Bhasin

  • A book has titled "Nehru, Tibet and China" authored by Avtar Singh Bhasin. The book based on years of meticulous archival research, this book in fascinating detail, analyses the events from 1949 to the Indo-China war in 1962 and its aftermath to explore the answers to these burning questions.
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

Air Connectivity in North East Expands Further

  • To further expand air connectivity in the northeastern region under the Regional Connectivity Scheme-Ude Desh ka Aam Naagrik (RCS-UDAN) scheme of the central government, a new private airliner on Monday (May 24) started flight operations between Assam's Guwahati and Arunachal Pradesh's Pasighat.
  • As per Airport Authority of India (AAI), a flight of the private airliner Flybig started the direct flight services from Guwahati to Pasighat.
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