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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

11 Oct 2020

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Argentina First Nation to OK Drought-resistant GMO Wheat

  • Argentina formally became the first country in the world to approve the use of drought-resistant genetically modified (GMO) wheat, prompting fierce criticism by the country's massive export agriculture industry.
  • Bioceres' HB4 wheat is resistant to drought and tolerates the herbicide glufosinate sodium; a combination the company says can help boost yields on dry years. But the government said the product cannot be sold before Brazil, Argentina's biggest wheat buyer, approves its importation.
  • Last year, 45% of the 11.3 million tonnes of wheat exported by Argentina went to neighboring Brazil, which has not commented on the prospects of it approving the purchase of HB4 wheat.

Taiwan President Calls for 'Meaningful Dialogue' with China

  • Taiwan wants to have "meaningful dialogue" with China on an equal basis, President Tsai Ing-wen said, extending an olive branch at a time of heightened military tension with Beijing, which claims the island as sovereign Chinese territory.
  • Democratic Taiwan has come under increasing pressure from Beijing, which has ramped up air force activity near the island in the past few weeks, including crossing the Taiwan Strait's sensitive mid line that normally serves as an unofficial buffer zone.
  • China says it is responding to "collusion" between Washington and Taipei, angered at growing US support for the self-governed island. Beijing views this precursor to Taiwan declaring formal independence, a red line for China.

Belarus Protests

  • Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko has held an unexpected meeting with political opponents in the jail where they are currently detained.
  • The president called the meeting to discuss constitutional reform with the opponents he had jailed.
  • As per opposition figures the meeting was a sign of weakness on his part.
  • Mr. Lukashenko claimed a landslide win in August elections widely seen as fraudulent, sparking mass protests.
  • A violent crackdown on unrest in the days following the disputed poll saw thousands of people detained, and hundreds beaten by police.
  • The EU and the US have refused to recognize Mr. Lukashenko's new term.
View Month Wise

ENVIRONMENT

Successful Trial Runs of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Prototype Car

  • The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) and KPIT Technologies successfully ran trials of India's first Hydrogen Fuel Cell (HFC) prototype car running on an indigenously developed fuel cell stack.
  • The HFC technology uses chemical reactions between hydrogen and oxygen (from air) to generate electrical energy, eliminating the use of fossil fuels.
  • Further, the fuel cell technology emits only water, thus cutting down the emission of harmful greenhouse gases along with other air pollutants.
  • The fuel cell is a low-temperature PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) type that operates at 65-75 degrees Celsius, which is suitable for vehicular applications.
View Month Wise

BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

India Receives Second Set of Swiss Bank Account Details

  • India received second set of Swiss bank details under the "Automatic Exchange Pact" signed with Switzerland. The pact was a key milestone of GoI in its fight back against black money.
  • India is one among 86 countries with which Switzerland exchanges information on financial accounts. In 2019, India received its first set of details from Switzerland. The Switzerland Federal Tax Administration has provided details of 3.1 million financial accounts.
  • According to the agreement, the Swiss Bank shares details such as account information, identification, financial information such as name, address, tax identification number and country of residence.
  • The information obtained from the Swiss Bank will help tax authorities to verify if Indian taxpayers have declared their financial accounts correctly.

IBM to Break-up 109-year Old Company to Focus on Cloud Growth

  • International Business Machines Corp is splitting itself into two public companies, capping a years-long effort by the world's first big computing firm to diversify away from its legacy businesses to focus on high-margin cloud computing.
  • IBM will list its IT infrastructure services unit, which provides technical support for 4,600 clients in 115 countries and has a backlog of $60 billion, as a separate company with a new name by the end of 2021.
  • The new company will have 90,000 employees and its leadership structure will be decided in a few months.
  • IBM, which currently has more than 352,000 workers, expects to record nearly $5 billion in expenses related to the separation and operational changes.

LVB Gets Non-binding Merger Offer from Clix Capital Group

  • Capital-starved private sector lender Lakshmi Vilas Bank, whose chief executive was voted out by shareholders, received a non-binding offer from Aion-backed non-banking finance firm Clix Group for a merger.
  • The old-generation Chennai-based private sector bank, which has been on the lookout for an investor and capital for long, was jolted on September 25 when its shareholders voted out seven directors of its Board, including CEO S Sundar and promoters K. R. Pradeep and N. Saiprasad.
  • Following this, the RBI appointed a three-member team to run the bank under Meeta Makhan as chairperson and Shakti Sinha and Satish Kumar Kalra as members.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

ISRO Plans to Launch New Rocket by November 2020

  • The Indian space agency is working towards launching its new rocket `Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV)' before December 2020.
  • The necessary tests to check its biggest motor - booster motor fired by solid fuel - will be done in November.
  • The SSLV launch will be from the first launch pad at Sriharikota rocket port after the flight of Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle C49 (PSLV C49). Post PSLV C49`s flight, the launch pad set up has to be reconfigured to suit SSLV.
View Month Wise

SPORTS

Nihal Sarin Wins Junior Speed Chess Championship

  • Indian teenager Nihal Sarin created history by winning the Chess.com's 2020 Junior Speed Online Chess Championship, defeating Russia's Alexey Sarana 18-7 in the final.
  • With this win, Sarin earned USD 8,766 and also qualified for the 2020 Speed Chess Championship Final which will feature the world's best players.
  • Sarin had registered win over American Andrew Tang, Australia's Anton Smirnov and Armenian Haik Martirosyan in order to set-up a title clash with Sarana.

Iga Swiatek Wins Maiden Grand Slam Title

  • Iga Swiatek became the first Polish player to win a Grand Slam as she beat Sofia Kenin 6-4, 6-1. 
  • The unseeded 19-year-old, who did not drop a set throughout the claycourt tournament, is the youngest winner since Monica Seles lifted the Suzanne Lenglen Cup in 1992.
  • She is the first player not to drop a set en route to the women's title here since Belgium's Justine Henin in 2007.
View Month Wise

NATIONAL AFFAIRS

States and UTs Abolish Interview for Government Jobs

  • Union Minister Jitendra Singh said that interview for recruitment in government jobs has been abolished in 23 States and 8 Union Territories so far.
  • This is a follow-up to the abolition of interview for Group-B (non-gazetted) and Group-C posts in the Central government ever since 2016.
  • It was in 2015 while speaking from the Red Fort in New Delhi on the occasion of Independence Day, Prime Minister Narendra Modi had suggested the abolition of the interview and making the job selection totally on the basis of the written test because whenever an interview call was received by a candidate, his entire family would get disturbed with apprehension and anxiety.
View Month Wise

DEFENCE

North Korea Unveils 'Monster' New Intercontinental Ballistic Missile

  • North Korea unveiled previously unseen intercontinental ballistic missiles at an unprecedented predawn military parade that showcased the country's long-range weapons for the first time in two years.
  • The missile was shown on a transporter vehicle with 11 axles, would be one of the largest road-mobile intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) in the world if it becomes operational.
  • "This missile is a monster," said Melissa Hanham, deputy director of the Open Nuclear Network.
  • Also displayed were the Hwasong-15, which is the longest-range missile ever tested by North Korea, and what appeared to be a new submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM).

Nirbhay Cruise Missile to be Tested with Indigenous STFE Propulsion System

  • The first developmental trial of a Nirbhay cruise missile fitted with an indigenous Small Turbo Fan Engine (STFE) propulsion system developed by the Gas Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE) is expected, to take place this month.
  • Nirbhay cruise missiles presently are powered by Russian-made NPO Saturn 36MT mini turbofan engines and DRDO plans to validate the STFE propulsion system in the upcoming test so that it enters full-scale production from 2021. 
  • Indigenous 110 kg Small Turbo Fan Engine (STFE) has undergone 90 minutes of continuous operation at max power setting at Bangalore and was also tested at Leh at -15 degree Celsius.
  • Nirbhay Cruise Missile has been inducted, in limited numbers due to heighten border tensions with the Chinese Army in Ladhak Standoff but, the numbers are limited and are mostly pre-production models. 
View Month Wise

DAYS AND EVENTS

International Girl Child Day

  • International Day of the Girl Child is an international observance day declared by the United Nations; it is also called the Day of Girls and the International Day of the Girl.
  • October 11, 2012, was the first Day of the Girl Child. The observation supports more opportunity for girls and increases awareness of gender inequality faced by girls worldwide based upon their gender.
  • International Day of Girl Child 2020 is very special. This year the theme of International Day of the Girl Child is "My voice, our equal future". The theme focuses on how girls globally are leading the way.
View Month Wise

AWARDS AND HONOURS

Novelist Dr. Bhyrappa Honoured with Dr. Shivaram Karanth Award

  • Minister for Muzrai and Fisheries Kota Srinivas Poojary conferred the prestigious 'Kota Shivaram Karanth Huttoora' award on city's Novelist Dr. S. L. Bhyrappa at an event held at Pramati Hillview Academy. He was also presented with a miniature bust of Dr. Karanth.
  • The award is given by Kota Dr. Shivaram Karanth Huttoora Prashasthi Prathisthana, in association with Kotathattu Gram Panchayat of Udupi district, the birth place of Dr. Shivaram Karanth, to achievers who have excelled in any of Dr. Karanth's field of interest for over 15 years.
View Month Wise

GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

Flipkart Introduces 45-day Paid Festive Internship for Students

  • E-commerce marketplace Flipkart brought back its paid internship programme Launch pad for undergraduate students from tier-II cities and beyond to work in its supply chain ahead of the festive season and the Big Billion Days sale.
  • The company said that the 45-day internship is aimed at helping students gain critical skills in supply chain management and create an ecosystem of trained professionals for the e-commerce industry.
  • Over 2,000 students participated in the internship programme last year.
  • Flipkart is working with educational institutes across 21 locations, including Binola (Haryana), Bhiwandi (Maharashtra), Uluberia and Dankuni (West Bengal) and Malur (Karnataka), Medchal (Telangana) and several more, to identify meritorious students and engage the selected ones at its fulfilment centres.

Assam to Shut down All Government-aided Madrasas, Sanskrit Schools

  • In a significant development, Assam Education and Finance Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma announced that the state government has decided to shut down all state-run madrasas and Sanskrit tols (schools) as it is not possible for Assam government to use public funds to teach religious scriptures.
  • A formal notification in this regard will be issued by the state government in November.
  • As per Sarma, after the closing down of the madrasas, 48 contractual teachers would be shifted to schools under the Education Department.

Maine Island Witnesses First Childbirth in more than 90 Years

  • A woman has given birth to a baby on Maine Island for the first time in more than nine decades.
  • Azalea Belle Gray is the sixth child for Aaron Gray and Erin Fernald Gray on Islesford, which is also known as Little Cranberry Island.
  • Ellen Fernald Gray said she didn't set out to be the first woman to have a home birth in Islesford since Calvin Coolidge was president.
  • She said she didn't realise how long it'd been since the last island birth: her own grandfather, Warren Fernald, in 1927.
  • It was only after Azalea's birth that she learned that the lifelong lobsterman who died in 2005 had previously been the most recent birth on Islesford. 
View Month Wise

TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

China Golden Week Holiday Pumps up Tourism

  • Some 637 million Chinese tourists took domestic trips during the eight-day Golden Week holiday, spending the equivalent of tens of billions of dollars at a time when China is seeking to boost consumer spending to stimulate the economy.
  • The holiday saw more than 45% of China's population take trips within the country and spend 466.6 billion yuan ($69.5 billion), according to data from China's Ministry of Culture and Tourism.  That marked a decline of 21% for domestic tourists from last year's Golden Week and a 30% decline for spending.
  • Travel within the country, and sometimes even within cities, was restricted beginning with the Lunar New Year in January as China fought the spread of the coronavirus that emerged in the central city of Wuhan. During the five-day Labour Day holiday in May, domestic tourism revenue was down nearly 60% from the previous year.
  • The Golden Week tourism and spending figures indicated domestic consumption was recovering well, especially as consumers engaged in revenge buying to make up for the previous months when they were unable to travel. 
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