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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

27 May 2026

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Commerce Minister in Toronto advances India-Canada CEPA talks

Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal engaged Indian diaspora in Toronto, advancing discussions on the India-Canada Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA). In posts on X, he spoke at the opening ministerial plenary session From Political Reset to Commercial Delivery with Canada’s International Trade Minister Maninder Sidhu. He highlighted efforts to improve ease of doing business and attract investment, inviting Canadian firms to participate in India's growth. The two sides reaffirmed the goal of expanding bilateral trade to USD 50 billion by 2030 and aimed to conclude CEPA negotiations by year-end. Goyal emphasised sectors including technology and energy.
  • Event location: Toronto, Canada
  • CEPA negotiations highlighted
  • Bilateral trade target: USD 50 billion by 2030
  • Session titled From Political Reset to Commercial Delivery
  • Sectors: technology, energy, investment

India–US framework on critical minerals signed in New Delhi

India and the United States signed a bilateral Framework on Securing of Supply in the Mining and Processing of Critical Minerals and Rare Earths in New Delhi. External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar and US Secretary of State Marco Rubio formalised cooperation across mining, processing, and recycling supply chains to secure long term access to materials essential for electric vehicles, batteries, semiconductors, and advanced manufacturing. The agreement recognises global competition for lithium, cobalt, nickel, graphite, and rare earth elements used in modern technology and defence manufacturing. The pact aims to strengthen resilience in both countries' supply chains.
  • Signing leaders: Jaishankar and Rubio
  • Scope: mining, processing, recycling of critical minerals
  • Key materials: lithium, cobalt, nickel, graphite, rare earths
  • Purpose: long-term supply security for EVs and semiconductors
  • Context: amid global supply chain competition
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ENVIRONMENT

Gujarat intensifies Jal-Parab wildlife support in Little Rann of Kutch

Gujarat's Forest Department has expanded the Jal-Parab campaign in the Little Rann of Kutch to counter extreme heat and water scarcity. As temperatures rise above 42–43°C, the initiative provides water through artificial troughs and tanker deliveries, along with rescue support and bird hydration arrangements to protect desert wildlife. Officials noted efforts to ensure continuous water availability for wildlife in this fragile ecosystem. The campaign aligns with broader summer climate adaptation measures and highlights the state’s focus on biodiversity conservation amid heat stress.
  • Campaign: Jal-Parab in Little Rann of Kutch
  • Heat concern: 42–43°C temperatures
  • Interventions: water troughs, tanker deliveries
  • Additional support: wildlife rescue and hydration
  • Objective: protect desert biodiversity amid heat
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

India records 191 cockroach species; DNA barcode library

India now records 191 cockroach species, with more than 60 percent endemic to the country, according to a Zoological Survey of India study published in Zootaxa. The research also documents India's first and largest DNA barcode reference library for cockroaches, generating more than 100 high-quality DNA barcodes to aid species identification and taxonomic classification. DNA barcoding uses a short gene sequence, typically mitochondrial COI, to distinguish closely related species and resolve disputes where external features are similar. The study highlights the expanding biodiversity catalog and the role of molecular tools in taxonomy, which supports conservation planning and bio-surveillance efforts nationwide.
  • Total species recorded: 191
  • Endemic species: >60%
  • DNA barcode library: >100 barcodes
  • Marker used: mitochondrial COI
  • Implications: taxonomy, conservation, bio-surveillance

India's first hydrogen-powered train approved for Jind-Sonipat line

Railways has approved operation of India's first hydrogen-powered 10-coach DEMU train on the Jind-Sonipat line in Haryana. The train will reach a top speed of 75 kilometres per hour and will draw power from hydrogen fuel cells, avoiding diesel and traditional electric traction. With a total power output of about 1,200 kilowatts, the system uses Distributed Power Rolling Stock technology to distribute power along the train. The approval from the Ministry of Railways followed technical clearance from the Research Designs and Standards Organisation. The Petroleum and Explosives Safety Organisation has authorised refuelling of compressed hydrogen gas at Jind. The move signals a broader push toward cleaner mobility in Indian rail corridors.
  • Route: Jind–Sonipat, Haryana
  • Train type: 10-coach DEMU, hydrogen-powered
  • Top speed: 75 km/h; Power: ~1,200 kW
  • Tech: Distributed Power Rolling Stock; RDSO clearance
  • Fuel: Hydrogen; Refuelling authorised at Jind

Loktak Protocluster discovered dating to 12.6 billion years ago

Astronomers led by Ronaldo Laishram from the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan reported the discovery of a galaxy protocluster named Loktak Protocluster, dating to about 12.6 billion years after the Big Bang, when the universe was roughly 1.2 billion years old. The structure contains four connected concentrations of galaxies and was observed using data from the Subaru Telescope and the James Webb Space Telescope. It is named after Loktak Lake in Manipur, drawing a parallel to the lake’s floating phumdis. This finding helps scientists understand early galaxy formation and cluster assembly; future observations across wavelengths are planned to refine its properties.
  • Age of universe at discovery: ~1.2 billion years
  • Protocluster age: ~12.6 billion years after Big Bang
  • Contains four connected galaxy concentrations
  • Observed with Subaru Telescope and JWST
  • Named after Loktak Lake, Manipur
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SPORTS

World Yogasana Championship 2026 launched in Ahmedabad

Union Minister for Youth Affairs and Sports Mansukh Mandaviya announced the first World Yogasana Championship to be held in Ahmedabad. He described yoga as a global sporting discipline and a part of India's soft power. He noted that about 75 countries had registered for the event, with more than 500 participants expected. The championship aims to promote physical fitness, mental well-being, and healthy living globally. Mandaviya highlighted yoga's historical roots in India and its growing international acceptance as a sport, signaling new opportunities for wellness, employment, and international outreach.
  • Event location: Ahmedabad
  • Countries registered: ~75
  • Participants expected: >500
  • Theme: yoga as a global sport
  • Impact: wellness, employment, global outreach
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Padma Awards 2026 conferred on 66 eminent personalities

President Droupadi Murmu conferred the Padma Awards to 66 eminent personalities for the year 2026 at the first Civil Investiture Ceremony at Rashtrapati Bhavan. The awards include two Padma Vibhushan, six Padma Bhushan, and fifty-eight Padma Shri recipients. Notably, noted film actor Dharmendra Singh Deol received the Padma Vibhushan posthumously for his contribution to art. Indian women's cricket team captain Harmanpreet Kaur Bhullar was honoured with a Padma Shri for sports. Other recipients include Taga Ram Bheel, Ratilal Mohanlal Borisagar, Swami Brahmdev, and Kumar Bose, among others named in the ceremony. The awards recognise diverse fields including arts, science, public affairs, and social service.
  • Total recipients: 66
  • Padma Vibhushan: 2; Padma Bhushan: 6; Padma Shri: 58
  • Dharmendra Singh Deol posthumously Padma Vibhushan
  • Harmanpreet Kaur Bhullar Padma Shri
  • Ceremony held at Rashtrapati Bhavan
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Bihar mandates quarterly tourist visits by state employees

The Bihar Government issued a directive on 20 May requiring state government employees to undertake a two-day, two-night visit to state tourist destinations with their families once every three months. Reports must be submitted detailing promotional impact. Travel is preferably scheduled on Fridays and Saturdays. The Additional Chief Secretary of the General Administration Department stated that employees should visit at least three eco or rural tourism sites outside their home district during each trip and stay overnight. Official time spent on travel and stay will be recognised as duty time, reinforcing the aim to promote tourism and local culture.
  • Directive date: 20 May 2026
  • Frequency: every three months
  • Trip duration: two days, two nights
  • Sites: at least three eco/rural destinations
  • Travel time counts as duty time

PM-AJAY Portal and AJAY Mobile App launched

Union Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment Dr. Virendra Kumar launched the PM-AJAY Portal and the AJAY Mobile App to digitise and expedite the Pradhan Mantri Anusuchit Jaati Abhyuday Yojna (PM-AJAY). The new digital workflow aims to replace paper processes with real-time, end-to-end processing. The launch occurred in the presence of Minister of State B L Verma, the Department Secretary Sudhansh Pant, and senior department officials, with participation from secretaries and senior officials from all States and Union Territories joining virtually. The portal and app are intended to improve service delivery and monitoring under the scheme.
  • System: PM-AJAY Portal and AJAY App
  • Purpose: digitise PM-AJAY scheme processes
  • Status: real-time end-to-end workflow
  • Attendees: senior officials from states/UTs
  • Impact: improved service delivery and monitoring

Kerala launches Project Zero Against Corruption

Kerala launched Project Zero on 26 May 2026 as an intensified anti corruption drive across state administration. The programme targets bribery, cyber crimes, vigilance procedures, and complaint handling through the Vigilance and Anti-Corruption Bureau. Project Zero is a state level initiative aimed at reducing graft at all administrative layers, with public participation components and stronger vigilance measures. It emphasizes the use of technology to track corruption cases and improve transparency. The initiative also seeks to update the Vigilance Manual, the procedural handbook guiding vigilance investigations, to reflect modern practices in digital and physical graft cases. Citizens are urged to report corruption directly to the department, with confidentiality safeguards for whistleblowers and complainants.
  • Launch date: 26 May 2026
  • Targets bribery, cyber crimes, vigilance procedures, and complaint handling
  • Involves Vigilance and Anti-Corruption Bureau
  • Emphasizes technology to enhance transparency
  • Plans to update the Vigilance Manual
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