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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

06 May 2026

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

India and Africa Seek Deeper Cooperation Ahead of IAFS

India and Africa are seeking stronger cooperation ahead of the India‑Africa Forum Summit (IAFS), a multilateral platform for dialogue between India and African states. The first IAFS was held in 2008 in New Delhi and the format has been used to discuss trade, investment, development, and regional cooperation. Areas of cooperation include agriculture, health, education and digital technology. India has extended lines of credit, grants and training programmes to several African countries. The African Union, a 55‑member body, coordinates Africa‑wide efforts and the partnership spans the Indian Ocean and the African continent, strengthening political and economic ties.
  • IAFS established in 2008 in New Delhi
  • Topics: trade, investment, development, regional cooperation
  • Areas: agriculture, health, education, digital tech
  • India provides lines of credit and grants
  • African Union coordinates 55 member states
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ENVIRONMENT

Rare Giant Tree Discovered in the Andes

Scientists have identified a rare giant tree species in the Andes, the vast mountain system that runs along the western edge of South America through seven nations: Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina. The discovery adds to the Andes’ biodiversity, which spans cloud forests, páramo grasslands and montane forests that host many endemic plants and animals. Botanists used leaf shape, bark texture, flower structure, fruits and seeds, and genetic analysis to classify the tree. The find highlights the Andes as a global biodiversity hotspot and reinforces the need to protect high‑elevation habitats from threats such as climate change and deforestation. In India, on 5 May 2026, the Union Cabinet approved increasing the sanctioned strength of Supreme Court judges from 33 to 37 (38 including the Chief Justice).
  • Location: Andes spans seven countries
  • New giant tree species identified
  • Methods: morphology and DNA analysis
  • Andes biodiversity hotspot with high-elevation habitats
  • India policy note: Supreme Court judge strength increased on 5 May 2026
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

L&T to Develop Coal‑to‑Ammonium Nitrate Project

Larsen & Toubro (L&T) will develop a coal‑to‑ammonium nitrate project in Odisha. Ammonium nitrate is a white crystalline salt used primarily as a nitrogen fertiliser and in regulated industrial applications. The coal‑to‑chemicals route involves coal gasification to produce synthesis gas, which is then converted into ammonium nitrate. Odisha has rich mineral resources and large industrial clusters in steel, power, fertilisers and minerals, making it a strategic site for such projects. The plan aligns with India’s evolving energy and industrial policy, as producers explore alternative feedstocks and value‑added chemicals to drive growth in manufacturing and agriculture sectors.
  • Location: Odisha, India
  • Process: coal gasification to produce ammonium nitrate
  • Ammonium nitrate uses: fertiliser and industrial explosive
  • Odisha’s mineral and industrial landscape
  • Strategic fit with India’s manufacturing goals
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Virus Found That Can Kill Drug‑Resistant Bacteria

Scientists have identified a virus that can infect and kill drug‑resistant bacteria. Such viruses, known as bacteriophages or phages, target specific bacterial cells rather than human cells. Phage therapy offers an alternative to traditional antibiotics and is being studied as a way to combat antimicrobial resistance, a global public health concern. Phages are the most abundant biological entities on Earth and are found in soil, water and the human body. Each phage acts on a narrow range of bacteria, which makes them valuable tools in laboratory research and potential clinical applications in infectious disease care.
  • Bacteriophages infect bacteria, not humans
  • Phage therapy as alternative to antibiotics
  • Antimicrobial resistance is a global issue
  • Phages are abundant in nature
  • Narrow bacterial targets are a feature of phages
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

RBI Appoints Rohit Jain as Deputy Governor

Rohit Jain has taken charge as Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank of India for a three‑year tenure. The appointment was approved by the Government on 2 May 2026, following retirement of T. Rabi Sankar. ACC clearance finalized the posting. Jain has over three decades of central‑bank experience and has served as Executive Director and Chief General Manager in multiple RBI departments. His appointment is part of ongoing leadership renewal at the central bank to oversee monetary policy, supervision and financial stability frameworks.
  • Appointment: Rohit Jain as Deputy Governor
  • Term: three years
  • Approval: Government on 2 May 2026
  • Background: 34+ years in RBI
  • Role: oversee policy, supervision, financial stability
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DEFENCE

Japan and Philippines Expand Defence Ties

Japan and the Philippines have expanded defence cooperation through bilateral exercises, port calls and wider defence dialogue. Both nations are maritime states in the Indo‑Pacific and share concerns about security in the South China Sea and East China Sea. Japan has provided defence equipment and capacity‑building support under its security assistance framework. Joint exercises include naval and air force coordination, search-and‑rescue drills and interoperability training to improve communication and operational readiness. The Philippines has conducted exercises with the United States, Australia and other partners, reflecting a broader regional security architecture in which India also participates through informal channels.
  • Defence ties include exercises, port calls, dialogue
  • Focus on Indo‑Pacific maritime security
  • Japan provides equipment and capacity‑building
  • Exercises involve naval, air and SAR elements
  • Philippines collaborates with multiple partners
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Kiran Mazumdar‑Shaw Names Biocon Successor

Kiran Mazumdar‑Shaw, founder‑chairperson of Biocon, has named a successor to lead the Bengaluru‑based biopharmaceutical company. Biocon, established in 1978, operates in biopharmaceuticals, biosimilars and contract research services with a presence in regulated markets abroad as well as in India. The leadership transition, part of corporate governance and succession planning, reflects how founder‑led Indian firms often retain promoter influence in advisory or strategic roles while enabling professional management. The announcement comes as Biocon faces market pressures and a shifting regulatory environment in global biotech sectors.
  • Company: Biocon, Bengaluru; founded 1978
  • Leader to be named successor by founder
  • Succession linked to governance practices
  • Biocon’s global presence and focus areas
  • Founder-led transitions common in India
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Anand RK, Suparna Sharma Win 2026 Pulitzer Prize

Indian illustrator Anand RK, freelance investigative journalist Suparna Sharma and Bloomberg’s Natalie Obiko Pearson won the 2026 Pulitzer Prize in Illustrated Reporting and Commentary on 4 May 2026 for a visual investigation into India’s digital arrest scam, titled trAPPed. Anand RK is based in Mumbai and is known for graphic storytelling in investigative journalism. Suparna Sharma has three decades of experience addressing systemic failures and human impact. The Pulitzer Prize, administered by Columbia University, recognises a combination of reporting and visual storytelling that uncovers important societal issues for readers worldwide.
  • Winners: Anand RK, Suparna Sharma, Natalie Obiko Pearson
  • Category: Illustrated Reporting and Commentary
  • Work: trAPPed on India’s digital arrest scam
  • Award date: 4 May 2026
  • Pulitzer administered by Columbia University
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

World Asthma Day 2026: Access to Inhalers

World Asthma Day 2026 was observed on 5 May 2026 worldwide. The Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) set the theme: Access to anti‑inflammatory inhalers for everyone with asthma – still an urgent need. Health experts highlight that inhaled corticosteroids are essential for controlling airway inflammation and improving quality of life, not just quick‑relief inhalers. The day calls for awareness, early diagnosis and affordable, widely available treatments. Antimicrobial stewardship and patient education remain critical to reducing severe asthma outcomes and improving long‑term disease management.
  • Observance date: 5 May 2026
  • Theme: access to anti‑inflammatory inhalers
  • Importance of inhaled corticosteroids
  • Focus on affordability and awareness
  • Goal: better asthma control and prognosis
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Cabinet Approves Increase in Supreme Court Judge Strength

On 5 May 2026, the Union Cabinet approved a proposal to increase the sanctioned strength of Supreme Court judges from 33 to 37, excluding the Chief Justice of India. Including the CJI, total judges would rise from 34 to 38. The change requires an amendment via The Supreme Court (Number of Judges) Amendment Bill, 2026. The Supreme Court currently handles vast caseloads, with more than 92,000 pending matters. The additional judges would enable more benches and faster hearings. Expenditure will be met from the Consolidated Fund of India. Last adjustment occurred in 2019, when sanctioned strength rose from 30 to 33.
  • Date and decision: 5 May 2026 Cabinet approval
  • Strength rises to 37 judges (38 with CJI)
  • Amendment Bill required
  • 92,000+ pending cases
  • Funding from Consolidated Fund
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