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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

09 Dec 2025

DAILY G.K. TEST

Start Test

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

UNSW Bengaluru Campus: Australia-India Education Ties Strengthened

Australia’s UNSW announced opening a Bengaluru campus in 2026, strengthening Australia-India educational ties. The institution will offer programs mirroring its global degrees and is aligned with India’s emphasis on expanding high-quality higher education within the country. The campus will host business, data science, computer science, and cybersecurity courses, with governance and accreditation coordinated with Indian authorities. This move forms part of broader collaborations under Australia-India education initiatives and SPARC funding, signaling deeper academic partnerships and potential research collaborations between the two nations.
  • UNSW to open Bengaluru campus in 2026; strengthens Australia-India ties.
  • Programs include business, data science, CS, and cybersecurity.
  • Aligned with National Education Policy 2020 goals and SPARC.
  • Part of wider India-Australia higher-education collaborations.

Australian Universities Expand Indian Campuses; UWA to Open Mumbai, Chennai Campuses

Australian universities are expanding their footprint in India, with proposals to open campuses in Mumbai and Chennai by August 2026. Universities such as the University of Western Australia (UWA) and UNSW are pursuing joint ventures and student recruitment plans under Indian government frameworks and SPARC funding. These efforts aim to broaden international collaboration, enhance research partnerships, and provide Indian students with globally recognised degrees on home soil. The moves reflect a trend toward international higher education partnerships as India grows its higher-education capacity and global ties.
  • Australian universities plan Mumbai and Chennai campuses by Aug 2026.
  • UWA and UNSW cited; SPARC funding supports collaborations.
  • Goal: expand international partnerships and Indian student access.
  • Part of broader India-Australia higher-education ties.

Saudi Arabia, Qatar Signs High-speed Rail Deal to Link Capitals

Saudi Arabia and Qatar signed an agreement in December 2025 to build a high-speed electric passenger railway connecting the Saudi capital Riyadh with Doha, the capital of Qatar. According to the official Saudi press, the project will also include the Saudi cities of Al-Hofuf and Dammam on the network. The rail link is seen as a major step in strengthening connectivity between the two Gulf neighbours. It also marks a significant improvement in bilateral relations between countries that were once deeply at odds.
  • Saudi Arabia and Qatar sign deal for high-speed electric rail link.
  • Railway to connect Riyadh with Doha, Qatar's capital.
  • Al-Hofuf and Dammam in Saudi Arabia to be part of the network.
  • Project reflects improved ties and deeper regional connectivity in the Gulf.
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ENVIRONMENT

National Conservation Programmes Spotlight Tigers, Dolphins, Elephants

India maintains a suite of conservation programmes to safeguard biodiversity, including Project Tiger (1973) and Asiatic Lion conservation in Gir, along with Project Dolphin (2020). These initiatives focus on habitat protection, anti-poaching, and community involvement to sustain threatened species. Together, they reflect India's commitment to biodiversity, ecosystem balance, and national heritage. The government tracks progress through reserves, population surveys, and habitat quality metrics, with a view to maintaining global leadership in wildlife conservation. The programmes also emphasize scientific research, sustainable livelihoods for forest-dependent communities, and international cooperation on biodiversity protection.
  • Projects include Tiger (1973) and Lion conservation in Gir.
  • Project Dolphin launched in 2020; targets river and marine ecosystems.
  • Focus on habitat protection, anti-poaching, community participation.
  • Aims to preserve biodiversity and support ecological balance.

Ghaziabad Tops Polluted-City List in November 2025 (CREA Report)

A CREA report shows Ghaziabad, part of the National Capital Region, recorded the highest air pollution levels in November 2025, with PM2.5 readings around 224 µg/m³. The report notes winter smog conditions persisted, though stubble burning reportedly declined compared with prior years. Public health concerns rose as residents faced respiratory and other pollution-related risks. Authorities urged actions to reduce emissions, including industrial controls and traffic management. The CREA findings highlight ongoing air-quality challenges in northern India during winter months and reinforce the need for sustained pollution-control measures.
  • Ghaziabad recorded the worst air quality in November 2025 (CREA).
  • PM2.5 levels around 224 µg/m³; winter smog persists.
  • Stubble burning reportedly declined versus previous years.
  • Health risks linked to high pollution prompt policy action.

Maharashtra Sets Guinness World Record for Solar Pump Deployment in Agriculture

Maharashtra has achieved a remarkable milestone in clean energy and sustainable agriculture by setting a Guinness World Record after installing 45,911 off-grid solar agricultural pumps in just 30 days. This large-scale deployment highlights the state's leadership in renewable energy adoption within the farming sector and reflects its commitment to reducing dependence on conventional power sources. With this feat, Maharashtra now ranks second globally after China in terms of the speed and scale of solar pump deployment by a single administrative region, strengthening its position as a frontrunner in green agricultural initiatives.
  • Maharashtra installs 45,911 off-grid solar agricultural pumps in 30 days.
  • Sets a Guinness World Record for rapid solar pump deployment.
  • Boosts clean energy use in the agricultural sector.
  • Aims to reduce reliance on conventional (non-renewable) power sources.
  • Maharashtra becomes second globally after China in solar pump rollout by a single region.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Telangana Rising Global Summit Attracts Rs 2 Lakh Crore in Day-1 Deals

The two-day Telangana Rising Global Summit, held on December 8–9, 2025 at Bharat Future City, Hyderabad, drew major investment commitments on Day 1 totaling about Rs 2 lakh crore. A marquee intent of $10 billion was announced by a global tech group, with over 35 MoUs signed across deep tech, infrastructure, and core sectors. Key pledges included large-scale developments in urban, energy, and manufacturing spaces, underscoring Telangana’s ambition to become a multi-trillion-dollar economy by 2047. The summit brought together global leaders and Indian corporate chiefs to showcase Telangana’s investment ecosystem and policy incentives for investors.
  • Summit dates: December 8–9, 2025; venue Bharat Future City, Hyderabad.
  • Day-1 MoUs and investment commitments around Rs 2 lakh crore.
  • Major $10 billion investment intent from Trump Media & Technology Group’s representative.
  • 35+ MoUs signed across deep tech, infrastructure, and manufacturing.
  • Telangana targets a three-trillion-dollar economy by 2047.

Telangana Summit Day 1 MoUs Reach About Rs 1.8–2.43 Lakh Crore, Say Reports

Media reports on Day 1 of the Telangana Rising Global Summit indicate MoUs and investment commitments totaling roughly Rs 1.8–2.43 lakh crore, with Brookfield-Axis Energy Ventures pledging about Rs 75,000 crore for Bharat Future City and Vin Group signing for Rs 27,000 crore in integrated projects. The Trump Media & Technology Group reportedly highlighted a separate $10 billion investment intent. The Day 1 momentum reflects Telangana’s strategy to attract global capital and advance a multi-sector growth plan in line with its 2047-vision.
  • Day 1 MoUs total around Rs 1.8–2.43 lakh crore.
  • Brookfield-Axis pledge: Rs 75,000 crore for Bharat Future City.
  • Vin Group: Rs 27,000 crore for integrated projects.
  • Trump Group reportedly signals $10 billion investment intent.
  • Event marks Telangana’s push toward a $3 trillion economy by 2047.

HCLTech, Dolphin Semiconductors to Co-develop Energy-efficient Chips

  • HCL Technologies announced a strategic partnership with French semiconductor company Dolphin Semiconductors to co-develop energy-efficient chips by embedding Dolphin's specialised low-power IP into its silicon design workflows.
  • This integration will deliver scalable, high-efficiency SoCs (system-on-chips) that reduce energy consumption while maintaining robust computational capabilities across diverse workloads.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Deloitte India Launches AI-Powered Tax Pragya Platform

Deloitte India introduced Tax Pragya, an AI-powered platform for tax research, in December 2025. The tool analyzes over a million tax-related court judgments and two decades of Deloitte’s internal papers to deliver near-instant, insight-rich analyses. It is designed to reduce time spent on legal research and provide real-time guidance to clients facing complex tax laws and litigation. By leveraging natural language processing and machine learning, Tax Pragya highlights relevant precedents, summarizes outcomes, and suggests implications for case strategy. Deloitte anticipates broad adoption across corporate tax teams as AI-augmented advisory becomes more common.
  • Tax Pragya is an AI-driven tax-research platform by Deloitte India.
  • Analyzes over a million tax judgments and two decades of papers.
  • Provides near-instant insights and summarized outcomes.
  • Aims to reduce time spent on legal research for tax professionals.
  • Expected wide adoption across corporate tax advisory teams.

IIT Kharagpur Hosts SIH 2025 Hardware Edition Grand Finale

IIT Kharagpur will host the grand finale of the Smart India Hackathon 2025 – Hardware Edition from December 8–12. The event marks the institute’s platinum jubilee and continues the open-innovation format launched in 2017, organised by the Innovation Cell of the Ministry of Education and AICTE. Teams from across the country compete to solve real-world challenges posed by ministries and industry partners. The finale will showcase student ingenuity, with demonstrations of hardware prototypes and demonstrations of problem-solving approaches intended to boost national competitiveness in technology development.
  • IIT Kharagpur to host SIH 2025 hardware finale (Dec 8–12).
  • Platinum jubilee of IIT Kharagpur; open-innovation platform since 2017.
  • Hosted by MIC and AICTE; challenges from ministries and industry.
  • Showcases student prototypes and national technical talent.

Software Edition of SIH 2025 Inaugurated at GHRCE, Nagpur

G H Raisoni College of Engineering (GHRCE), Nagpur, inaugurated the Smart India Hackathon 2025 – Software Edition at its nodal centre on December 9, 2025, under the aegis of the Ministry of Education, AICTE, and MIC. The event continues SIH’s national open-innovation platform, with extensive participation from student teams and problem statements sourced from government ministries, PSUs, and industry partners. SIH 2025 has seen high levels of engagement, with notable participation across multiple states, reinforcing India's commitment to innovation-driven growth and youth skill development.
  • SIH 2025 Software Edition inaugurated at GHRCE, Nagpur.
  • Nodal centre under MIC, AICTE; runs Dec 9 onward.
  • Hundreds of student teams participate; problems from ministries and industry.
  • Part of India's ongoing innovation and skilling push.
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SPORTS

Project Mahadeva Aims to Revive Grassroots Football in Maharashtra; Messi to Visit

Maharashtra launched Project Mahadeva to revive grassroots football for under-13 players across districts. Sixty selected young players will have a rare opportunity to train with football icon Lionel Messi in Mumbai this December, underscoring Maharashtra’s commitment to youth development in sport. The initiative includes a structured talent pathway, improved coaching, and exposure to high-performance environments. The project aligns with broader state sport-development goals and aims to nurture future national-level players while raising public interest in football.
  • Project Mahadeva targets under-13 football talent in Maharashtra.
  • Sixty players to train with Lionel Messi in December in Mumbai.
  • Includes coaching upgrades and structured pathways.
  • Supports broader state effort to grow grassroots football.

India Earns Historic Medal Haul at ISSF World Cup Final, Doha

India achieved its best-ever medal tally at the ISSF World Cup Final in Doha, securing six medals: two gold, three silver, and one bronze. The strong performance spanned pistol, rifle, and shotgun events, contributing to a second-place finish on the overall medals table behind China. The result reflects strengthened depth and consistency across shooting disciplines. Coaches, athletes, and national committees hailed the results as a milestone for India's shooting program, signaling growing international competitiveness ahead of future world championships and Olympic preparation.
  • India won six medals at ISSF World Cup Final (Doha).
  • Breakdown: 2 gold, 3 silver, 1 bronze; second in medals table.
  • Medal haul spans pistol, rifle, and shotgun events.
  • Viewed as a milestone for India’s shooting program.

Infosys Foundation Expands GoSports Partnership to Gear for Gold

Infosys Foundation expanded its GoSports collaboration into a broader 'Gear for Gold' initiative supporting multiple Olympic disciplines. The program now includes six sports: badminton, table tennis, weightlifting, boxing, athletics, and shooting, with stronger coaching, sports science, and infrastructure support. The academy-first model will provide facilities, equipment, scholarships, and competition opportunities at national and international levels. Since 2022, the partnership has supported several sports academies; the new expansion adds three more and emphasizes holistic athlete development, including nutrition planning and injury management, to produce high-performance competitors.
  • Infosys Foundation expands GoSports collaboration to six sports.
  • New focus areas: coaching, sports science, infrastructure.
  • Six sports include badminton, table tennis, weightlifting, boxing, athletics, shooting.
  • Three new academies added to the program.
View Month Wise

DEFENCE

Tata, Lockheed Martin Announce C-130J MRO Facility in India

Tata Advanced Systems and Lockheed Martin announced the construction of a maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) facility in Bengaluru to support operations of the C-130J Super Hercules aircraft. The joint venture aims to position India as a strategic hub for heavy-lift aircraft maintenance and align with potential orders to equip the Indian Air Force with a significant fleet. The project underscores industry collaboration in defence manufacturing and could influence future procurement, maintenance, and sustainment arrangements for military transport aircraft in India.
  • Joint venture between Tata Advanced Systems and Lockheed Martin.
  • New C-130J MRO facility to be built in Bengaluru.
  • Aims to support operations of the C-130J Super Hercules fleet.
  • Part of efforts to strengthen domestic defence manufacturing.
View Month Wise

PERSONS IN NEWS

Veteran Socialist Leader Dr. Baba Adhav Passes Away

Dr. Baba Adhav, a veteran socialist leader and longtime advocate for porters, unskilled workers, and rickshaw drivers in Maharashtra, died in Pune at the age of 95. Born in 1930, he started as an Ayurveda doctor in 1953 before dedicating his life to labour and social-justice work. Adhav founded NGOs such as Hamal Panchayat and Rickshaw Panchayat to support vulnerable workers and avoid electoral politics. He received multiple awards for his social impact, including the Times of India Social Impact Award for Lifetime Contribution in 2011. His work focused on improving working conditions and community welfare for marginalised groups.
  • Dr. Baba Adhav passed away in Pune at 95.
  • Born in 1930; began as an Ayurveda doctor in 1953.
  • Fought for porters, unskilled workers, and rickshaw drivers.
  • Founded Hamal Panchayat and Rickshaw Panchayat NGOs.
  • Honoured with lifelong-contribution awards, including 2011 TOI Social Impact Award.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

International Anti-Corruption Day 2025 Observed Worldwide

International Anti-Corruption Day was observed on December 9, 2025, under the UN-led campaign to raise awareness about governance and integrity. The 2025 theme focuses on youth engagement in anti-corruption efforts and ethical leadership for tomorrow. Observances included events by UN agencies and partner organisations emphasizing transparency, accountability, and the prevention of corruption in public and private sectors. The day reinforces commitments to UNCAC and national anti-corruption strategies, signaling ongoing global and regional actions to curb corruption and strengthen governance mechanisms.
  • Date: December 9, 2025; International Anti-Corruption Day observed.
  • Theme emphasizes youth engagement and integrity.
  • Supports UNCAC and national anti-corruption efforts.
  • Promotes transparency in public and private sectors.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Anant Ambani Receives Global Humane Society Animal Welfare Award

Anant Ambani received the Global Humane Society Animal Welfare Award in Washington, becoming the youngest and first Asian recipient of this esteemed honour. The award recognizes leadership in conservation and animal welfare through the Vantara initiative, which integrates veterinary science, rehabilitation, and ecosystem-based recovery. The ceremony highlighted collaborations among researchers and institutions and underscored India's growing role in global conservation efforts. Ambani's work with Vantara aims to advance humane treatment, rescue, and reintroduction programs for endangered species and to foster public awareness of animal welfare.
  • Anant Ambani receives Global Humane Society Animal Welfare Award.
  • Youngest Asian recipient; recognition for conservation leadership.
  • Award acknowledges work with Vantara in wildlife welfare.
  • Highlights India’s role in global conservation efforts.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Amit Shah Inaugurates Bio-CNG Plant at Banas Dairy, Gujarat

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Amit Shah inaugurated Banas Dairy's Bio-CNG and Fertilizer Plant in the Vav-Tharad district of Gujarat and laid the foundation stone for a 150-ton powder plant. The event is linked to White Revolution 2.0, a Modi government initiative to modernize India's dairy sector through cooperative models. The Bio-CNG facility will convert cow dung and organic waste into renewable biofuel and organic manure, supporting environmental sustainability and higher farmer incomes. Officials emphasised the project as part of a circular-economy approach to strengthen farmer livelihoods, reduce waste, and boost local employment in the region.
  • Amit Shah inaugurated Bio-CNG and Fertilizer Plant in Vav-Tharad, Gujarat.
  • Foundation stone laid for a 150-ton powder plant under White Revolution 2.0.
  • Plant converts organic waste into biofuel and organic manure.
  • Aims to enhance sustainability, farmer incomes, and local employment.
  • Part of cooperative-model reforms in India's dairy sector.

Rajasthan Completes 100% Digitisation of Voter Rolls Under SIR

Rajasthan announced 100% digitisation of its voter rolls under the Special Intensive Revision (SIR) programme. The Chief Electoral Office reported 97% mapping completion and only 3% of voters needing document submission during claims and objections. The mapping aligns voters with polling booths, wards, and detailed records, reducing duplicate entries and improving accuracy. On average, about 30 voters per booth require verification. The move enhances electoral transparency and efficiency, and demonstrates progress toward a fully digital voter administration in India, potentially influencing other states to adopt similar digital governance measures.
  • SIR programme achieved 100% voter-roll digitisation in Rajasthan.
  • 97% voter mapping completed; 3% to submit documents during objections.
  • Average verification: 30 voters per booth.
  • Aims to improve accuracy and ease of voter verification.
  • Signals broader move toward digital governance in elections.
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