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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

29 Nov 2025

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Jakarta Becomes World's Most Populous City In 2025

  • Jakarta overtook Tokyo as the world's most populous city, according to a UN study that uses new criteria to give a more accurate picture of the rapid urbanisation driving the growth of megacities.
  • The Indonesian capital is home to 42 million people, according to an estimate by the population division of the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs in its World Urbanisation Prospects 2025 report published in November 2025.
  • Jakarta is followed by the Bangladeshi capital Dhaka with 37 million people. With a population of 33 million, Tokyo – defined in the study as a megalopolis that includes three neighbouring prefectures – slipped to third place. That contrasts dramatically with the UN's previous report in 2018, which placed the Japanese capital top with a population of 37 million.
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ENVIRONMENT

Scientists Uncover a 37,000-year-old Bamboo Fossil in Manipur

  • Scientists uncovered a 37,000-year-old bamboo fossil in Manipur's Imphal Valley that could reshape Asia's botanical history and reveal Ice Age secrets.
  • The fossilised bamboo stem, found among the silt-rich deposits of the Chirang River, shows rare, well-preserved marks of long-vanished thorns, an early defence mechanism against herbivores.
  • This find represents Asia's earliest known thorny bamboo fossil and provides groundbreaking evidence of bamboo's survival during the Ice Age in the region.
  • Bamboo fossils are exceptionally rare due to the delicate hollow stems and fibrous tissues that decompose quickly, leaving little trace in geological records.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Nepal Issues Rs. 100 Bank Note with Revised Map Comprising Disputed Areas

  • Nepal's central bank issued new Rs. 100 denomination bank notes that have a revised map of the country, including the controversial Kalapani, Lipulekh and Limpiyadhura territories, termed as artificial enlargement by India.
  • The new note from the Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) bears the signature of previous Governor Maha Prasad Adhikari.
  • Clarifying the matter regarding the updated version of map, an NRB spokesperson said that the map is already there in the old Rs. 100 bank note and it has been revised as per the government's decision.
  • Among various denominations of bank notes such as Rs. 10, Rs. 50, Rs. 500, and Rs. 1,000, only the bank note with Rs. 100 denomination bears the map of Nepal, others do not, he clarified.

Tata Realty, DBS Bank India Sign Rs. 1,280 crore Green Loan for Intellion Park

  • Tata Realty & Infrastructure (Tata Realty) and DBS Bank India signed a Rs. 1,280 crore green loan facility. The facility has been availed by a special purpose vehicle of Tata Realty to fund the development of the project Intellion Park in Gurugram.
  • Intellion Park is a grade-A, 2.1 million-square-foot campus comprising four towers under Tata Realty's Intellion brand. The funding is said to support the sustainable commercial real estate development of the project.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Russia Launches Soyuz MS-28 with Three Astronauts to ISS

  • A Soyuz-2.1a carrier rocket was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, sending the Soyuz MS-28 spacecraft with two Russian cosmonauts and one U.S. astronaut to the International Space Station (ISS).
  • The crew includes Russian commander Sergei Kud-Sverchkov, making his second spaceflight, fellow Russian cosmonaut Sergei Mikayev, and NASA astronaut Christopher Williams, both flying to space for the first time.
  • For the first time, the crew's work on the ISS will integrate the GigaChat neural network, a large-scale generative AI model developed by Russia's largest bank, Sberbank.
  • The mission is scheduled to last 242 days, with a planned return to Earth in summer 2026. During this period, more than 40 experiments will be conducted under the Russian program, with two spacewalks planned for April and June 2026.
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SPORTS

Portugal Wins Maiden FIFA U-17 World Cup Title

  • Portugal capped a remarkable resurgence by defeating Austria 1-0 in the final and won the FIFA Under-17 World Cup at the Khalifa International Stadium in Qatar.
  • Austria which appeared in their first Under-17 World Cup final, impressed throughout the knockout stage with wins over England, Japan and Italy.
  • This was the 20th edition of the tournament, which FIFA has now shifted to an annual cycle instead of a biennial one. Qatar hosted this edition and will stage the next four as well.

India Registers Heaviest Test Defeat vs South Africa

  • In a seismic moment for international cricket, South Africa defeated India by a staggering 408 runs in the second Test at the Barsapara Cricket Stadium, Guwahati, in November 2025. This historic result not only sealed a 2–0 series whitewash but also shattered several records, handing India their worst defeat by runs in Test history.
  • Chasing an almost impossible target of 549 runs, the Indian batting lineup collapsed for just 140 runs, succumbing to one of their most humiliating defeats on home soil. The 408-run margin surpassed the previous record of a 342-run loss against Australia in Nagpur, making it the largest defeat by runs India has ever faced in Tests.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

GeM Hosts 'Kreta Samvad' in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh (29)

  • The Ministry of Commerce and Industry organised the Government e-Marketplace 'Kreta Samvad' in November 2025 at Minto Hall, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. The initiative aims to strengthen digital public procurement capabilities across State departments and enable buyer organisations to make more effective use of GeM's ecosystem, features and workflows.
  • The conclave highlighted opportunities for sellers and service providers on the GeM platform, offering streamlined access to buyers ranging from local entities to national-level procurement organisations.
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DEFENCE

Western Air Command Holds Commanders' Conference 2025

  • The Western Air Command concluded its two-day Commanders' Conference in New Delhi on November 28 2025. The event centred on the theme 'विकासशील सक्षम भारतीय वायु सेना' and highlighted the Indian Air Force's drive toward self-reliance and enhanced preparedness.
  • Air Chief Marshal AP Singh, Chief of the Air Staff (CAS), presiding over the proceedings as the Chief Guest.
  • The conference included detailed deliberations involving WAC commanders, senior military officials and domain experts.

Italy Unveils the Advanced 'Michelangelo Dome' Defence System

  • Italy has introduced the Michelangelo Dome, an advanced multi-domain defence system developed by defence major Leonardo to counter modern threats ranging from missiles and drones to cyber intrusions and space-based attacks. The project represents one of Europe's most ambitious attempts to build an integrated defence architecture aligned with NATO's evolving security needs.
  • The system was formally presented in Rome in the presence of defence minister Guido Crosetto and senior military leaders. It marks a major step in Leonardo's long-term strategy to specialise in next-generation defence technologies, including artificial intelligence, satellite systems, drones and digital infrastructure. The Dome is positioned as a core future asset for Italy and a potential contributor to Europe's collective defence.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Senior Congress Leader, Former Union Minister Shriprakash Jaiswal Dies

  • Senior Congress leader and former Union Minister Shriprakash Jaiswal passed away at the age of 81.
  • He began public life as the Mayor of Kanpur in 1989 before entering national politics. He was elected Lok Sabha MP from Kanpur constituency for three consecutive times - 1999, 2004 and 2009 - on a Congress ticket.
  • During the UPA-2 government led by Dr. Manmohan Singh, Jaiswal held the crucial Coal portfolio and also briefly served as Minister of State for Home Affairs, handling important responsibilities related to internal security and law and order.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

International Day of Solidarity with Palestinian People

  • Every year, November 29 marks International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People, a date observed by the United Nations for over four decades.
  • On this day every year, the United Nations urges immediate action in an effort to grant Palestinians sovereignty and independence from the Israeli Occupation.
  • The annual observance was established in UN General Assembly Resolution 32/40 B in December 1977, to start in 1978.

International Jaguar Day

  • International Jaguar Day, observed annually on November 29, is a global event dedicated to raising awareness about the conservation of one of the world's most iconic big cats — the jaguar (Panthera onca). Celebrated across nations, the day highlights the importance of jaguars not just as majestic predators, but as umbrella species, vital for maintaining biodiversity and ecological balance in the Americas.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

ICAI Sets Guinness World Record for Largest Career Advice Programme in a Single Day

  • In a historic moment for educational outreach in India, the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) achieved a Guinness World Record for conducting the largest career advice session in a single day. The event, held in Mumbai in November 2025, saw participation from more than 7,400 students, teachers, and principals, with 6,166 students officially counted under Guinness World Records criteria.
  • This monumental effort was part of ICAI's flagship initiative CAFY 4.0 (Career in Accounting and Finance for Youth) and the Super Mega Career Counselling Programme, aimed at helping young minds make informed career choices in an evolving professional landscape.
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ART AND CULTURE

'Safe House' Wins the Prestigious ICFT-UNESCO Gandhi Medal at International Film Festival of India

  • The Norwegian film 'Safe House', directed by Eirik Svensson, was awarded the ICFT–UNESCO Gandhi Medal at the 56th International Film Festival of India (IFFI 2025) for its outstanding contribution to cinema that promotes peace, non-violence, and intercultural dialogue. The award was received by Manouj Kadaamh, Honorary Representative of ICFT–UNESCO Paris on behalf of the film's director Eirik Svensson and presented by MD, NFDC, Prakash Magdum.
  • Instituted in collaboration with the International Council for Film, Television, and Audiovisual Communication (ICFT) and UNESCO, this award honours films that reflect ideals of tolerance, intercultural dialogue, and culture of peace.
  • The Golden Peacock for the Best Feature Film at IFFI 2025 was bagged by Ashleigh Mayfair's 'Skin of Youth'. The Vietnamese drama follows the precarious lives of San and Nam, and their struggle for love and identity in 1990s Saigon.
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BOOKS AND AUTHORS

Uttarakhand Governor Releases Books on Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami

  • Uttarakhand Governor Lieutenant General Gurmeet Singh (Retd.) released two books based on the life, values and leadership of Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami.
  • The books, titled 'Pushkar Dhami: The Living Heat of the Himalayas' and 'Pushkar Dhami: The Vibrant Heat of the Himalayas', were launched at a ceremony held at the Raj Bhavan in Dehradun.
  • The event was attended by Kalki Peethadhishwar Acharya Pramod Krishnam Maharaj, Swami Chidanand Saraswati Maharaj of Parmarth Niketan Rishikesh, and former Uttarakhand Chief Minister Bhagat Singh Koshyari, who were present as special guests.
  • The Governor praised the book's author, Sambhavna Pant, describing her writing as both thoughtful and compelling.
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