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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

09 Oct 2025

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

US Senate Confirms Sergio Gor as US Ambassador to India

  • Over a month after Sergio Gor was nominated by US President Donald Trump as the next US Ambassador to India, and Special Envoy for South and Central Asian Affairs, the US Senate confirmed his appointment, despite the ongoing US government shutdown.
  • Gor was among 107 nominees confirmed by the Senate in a single en bloc vote with 51 senators voting in favour and 47 against. This quick confirmation indicates that Washington is keen to strengthen diplomatic and political interactions with India amid tensions over 50% tariffs and increased H-1B visa fees.
  • The other important nominee confirmed was Paul Kapur as US Assistant Secretary of State for South Asian Affairs, a key appointment that handles the region including India. He is equivalent to a joint secretary in the Ministry of External Affairs.

Israel and Hamas Agree to Gaza Ceasefire and Return of Hostages

  • Israel and Hamas agreed to a long-awaited ceasefire and hostage deal, the first phase of U.S. President Donald Trump's plan to end a war in Gaza that has killed more than 67,000 people and reshaped the Middle East.
  • The accord, if fully implemented, would bring the two sides closer than any previous effort to halt a war that had evolved into a regional conflict, drawing in countries such as Iran, Yemen and Lebanon, deepened Israel's international isolation and reshaped the Middle East.
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ENVIRONMENT

India Launches First Red List at 2025 IUCN Congress

  • In a historic step for biodiversity conservation, India unveiled its first-ever Red List of Endangered Species at the IUCN World Conservation Congress 2025, being held in Abu Dhabi, UAE from October 9–15, 2025. The Red List, tailored for India's unique biodiversity, highlights species at risk and strengthens national conservation priorities. India's delegation to the Congress is led by Kirti Vardhan Singh, Union Minister of State for Environment, Forests, and Climate Change, and External Affairs.
  • The Red List of Threatened Species, originally maintained by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), is a critical tool for assessing the extinction risk of species. While global in scope, India's own national version will help track the status of its rich flora and fauna at a country-specific level.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

SoftBank to Buy ABB's Robot Business for $5.4 Billion

  • SoftBank Group agreed to buy the robotics business of Swiss engineering group ABB in a $5.4 billion deal, as the Japanese investor forges ahead with a strategy to fuse robotics and artificial intelligence.
  • The acquisition, announced is the latest by founder and CEO Masayoshi Son to establish Softbank as a core player in the development of artificial intelligence.
  • SoftBank pushed into humanoid robotics a decade ago with its Pepper robot but later scaled back its ambitions.

PayPal Onboards India's UPI as First Payments System Partner

  • In a landmark development for global digital payments, PayPal CEO Alex Chriss announced that India's Unified Payments Interface (UPI) became the first payments system partner to be integrated into PayPal World, the company's newly launched global payments platform. The partnership marks a significant milestone for both PayPal and India's fintech ecosystem, further enhancing UPI's global footprint and demonstrating its transformative role in the digital payments landscape.

HDFC Bank Launches Country's first 'My Business QR' Powered by Vyaparify

  • In a major step toward empowering small and medium enterprises (SMEs) across India, HDFC Bank announced the launch of 'My Business QR', powered by Vyaparify -- a digital innovation designed to give Bharat's entrepreneurs their first commerce identity.
  • Vyaparify positions itself as the Commerce Playbook for Bharat's SMEs, bridging the gap between jaankari (information), pehchaan (identity), battein (engagement), and vyapar (business) -- all through a single, smart QR code.
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SPORTS

MCA to Install Dilip Vengsarkar's Statue at Wankhede

  • The Mumbai Cricket Association (MCA) will install a life-size statue of former India captain Dilip Vengsarkar at the Wankhede stadium. His would be the third statue in the stadium, after those of Sachin Tendulkar and Sunil Gavaskar.
  • Vengsarkar who featured in 116 Tests and 129 ODIs, also served as the national team's chairman of selectors. The high point was spotting Virat Kohli and fast-tracking him to the national side. Besides, he also served as vice-president of MCA and was also the member of Apex Council of BCCI, representing Indian Cricketers Association. Three years ago, MCA had named a stand after him at the Wankhede Stadium.

BWF World Junior Championships 2025 Begin in Guwahati

  • After a gap of 17 years, the BWF World Junior Championships returned to India, marking a major milestone for Indian badminton. The prestigious tournament, featuring the world's best young shuttlers, is being held in Guwahati, Assam, from October 6 to 19, 2025. This is the second time India is hosting the event—the first being in Pune in 2008—and it reaffirms the country's growing role as a global badminton hub.
  • The 2025 BWF World Junior Championships are divided into two parts.
  • Suhandinata Cup (Mixed Team Event)
  • Scheduled in the first week (October 6–11)
  • Features 36 national teams competing for team supremacy
  • Eye-Level Cup (Individual Events)
  • Takes place from October 13–19
  • Includes singles, doubles, and mixed doubles categories
  • The tournament brings together top junior players from powerhouse nations such as China, Japan, Indonesia, Malaysia, and France, along with a strong Indian contingent eager to perform on home soil.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Former Rajasthan Minister Pramod Jain Bhaya is Congress Candidate from Anta

  • The Congress party declared former minister Pramod Jain Bhaya as its candidate for the Anta by-poll seat in Rajasthan's Baran district.
  • Bhaya is a three-time MLA and was a cabinet minister in the third Ashok Gehlot government between 2018 and 2023.

NITI Aayog Unveils AI Roadmap to Empower 490 Million Informal Workers

  • NITI Aayog launched a pioneering roadmap titled 'AI for Inclusive Societal Development', a first-of-its-kind national effort to harness the power of artificial intelligence (AI) and frontier technologies to transform the lives and livelihoods of India's 490 million informal workers.
  • The report, developed in partnership with Deloitte, marks a major shift in the national AI conversation. While global discourse has often focused on white-collar jobs and the formal economy, this study centers the informal sector — which contributes nearly half of India's GDP but remains outside formal protection and productivity systems.
  • The roadmap is available on NITI Aayog's website.

Government Launches 'Tobacco Free Youth Campaign 3.0'

  • The Government launched the Tobacco Free Youth Campaign 3.0 (TFYC 3.0), reaffirming its commitment to building a tobacco-free learning environment and protecting the health and well-being of students across the country.
  • The campaign has been jointly initiated by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. It marks a major step towards realising the Government's vision of a tobacco-free generation.
  • The 60-day national campaign aims to educate and empower young people to prevent tobacco use, support those who wish to quit, and foster a culture of health and wellness in schools and higher education institutions. States and Union Territories have been urged to strengthen the implementation of the Guidelines for Tobacco-Free Educational Institutions (ToFEI) and actively engage youth in awareness initiatives under TFYC 3.0.
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DEFENCE

India-Australia Sign Key Defence Agreements

  • India and Australia inked key defence agreements during the visit of Defence Minister Rajnath Singh to the country.
  • The key defence agreements were signed in the presence of Defence Minister Rajnath Singh and Australia's Deputy Prime Minister and Defence Minister Richard Marles.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Punjabi Singer Rajvir Jawanda Dies

  • Punjabi actor-singer Rajvir Jawanda died 11 days after he was seriously injured in a road accident. He was 35 years.
  • Hailing from village Pona in Ludhiana's Jagraon, Jawanda rose to fame with the song "Kali Jawande Di".
  • Jawanda acted in Punjabi movies "Subedar Joginder Singh" in 2018, "Jind Jaan" in 2019 and "Mindo Taseeldarni" in 2019.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

World Postal Day

  • World Postal Day 2025 is observed on October 9. This day highlights the contributions of postal services to the global, social, and economic development of society. It honours the dedication of postal workers and emphasises the role of post offices in bridging the communication gap between communities.
  • This day commemorates the establishment of the Universal Postal Union (UPU) in 1874. The UPU was founded in Bern, Switzerland, as a global organisation to streamline international mail services and create a unified postal system, making it easier for countries to exchange mail.
  • In 1969, World Post Day was declared by the UPU Congress in Tokyo to promote the importance of postal services and their role in connecting people globally.
  • The theme for World Postal Day 2025 is '#PostForPeople: Local Service. Global Reach'.

World Sight Day

  • World Sight Day, observed on every second Thursday of October, aims to raise awareness about the importance of maintaining healthy vision. In 2025, on October 9, the world observed World Sight Day under the theme "Love Your Eyes." Visual impairments have physical, emotional, social, and economic ramifications. According to the World Health Organisation, at least 2.2 billion people have a near or distance vision impairment.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Nobel Prize for Chemistry 2025

  • The Nobel Prize for Chemistry was awarded to Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson, and Omar M. Yaghi for their work on metal-organic frameworks.
  • The three scientists' work could tackle some of the biggest problems on our planet, including capturing carbon dioxide to help tackle climate change and reducing plastic pollution using chemistry.
  • The three winners will share prize money of 11 million Swedish kronor (£872,000).
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

IIM-Bangalore Announces Alumni Service Award Recipients for 2025

  • The Indian Institute of Management Bangalore (IIM Bangalore) announced the recipients of its Alumni Service Award (ASA) for 2025, recognising alumni who have made sustained contributions to the institute and its alumni community.
  • The awards will be conferred on October 28, 2025, during IIM Bangalore's 52nd Foundation Day celebrations. Instituted in 2023 as part of the institute's Golden Jubilee year, the Alumni Service Award honours graduates who have contributed meaningfully to the institute, the IIMB Alumni Association (IIMBAA), and the broader alumni ecosystem.
  • The three recipients of the 2025 Alumni Service Award are Navin Kumar (PGP 1999), Karan Bhagat (PGP 2001), and Michael Sequeira (PGP 2010).

Maharashtra Merges Boys' and Girls' Schools into Co-ed across the State

  • The Maharashtra government announced that all separate boys' and girls' schools operating within the same premises will now be merged and converted into co-educational institutions.
  • The decision marks a significant policy shift towards inclusive education and gender equality across the state.
  • The School Education and Sports Department issued a corrigendum amending its earlier resolutions from 2003 and 2008. The move came in response to a Bombay High Court directive in Petition No. 3773/2000, which stated that girls' schools should no longer be allowed separately.
  • According to the state government, the policy aims to eliminate gender-based segregation in schools and ensure that students grow in an environment that mirrors the diversity of the real world.
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ART AND CULTURE

Manipur Celebrates Mera Hou Chongba, Symbol of Hill-Valley Unity

  • Observed on the 15th lunar day of the Mera month in the traditional Meitei calendar, this annual event is a showcase of communal harmony, indigenous identity, and cultural togetherness. This year (2025), tribal village chiefs from the hill districts gathered at the Manipur Royal Palace (Sana Konung) in Imphal, where they were ceremoniously received by Maharaja Sanajaoba Leishemba, the titular King of Manipur and a Rajya Sabha MP.
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