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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

06 Aug 2025

DAILY G.K. TEST

Start Test

ENVIRONMENT

Great Barrier Reef Suffers Worst Coral Decline on Record

  • Parts of the Great Barrier Reef have suffered the largest annual decline in coral cover since records began nearly 40 years ago, according to a new report.
  • Northern and southern branches of the sprawling Australian reef both suffered their most widespread coral bleaching, the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) found.
  • AIMS warned the habitat may reach a tipping point where coral cannot recover fast enough between catastrophic events and faces a "volatile" future.
  • AIMS surveyed the health of 124 coral reefs between August 2024 and May 2025. It has been performing surveys since 1986.
  • Often dubbed the world's largest living structure, the Great Barrier Reef is a 2,300km (1,429-mile) expanse of tropical corals that houses a stunning array of biodiversity.

Tamil Nadu State Animal Nilgiri Tahr's Numbers Shoot Up

  • In a major conservation success story from the Western Ghats, the endangered Nilgiri Tahr - Tamil Nadu's state animal - has shown a significant rise in numbers. The Second Synchronized Survey of Nilgiri Tahr conducted in April 2025 has estimated 2,655 individuals across Tamil Nadu and Kerala - a substantial increase from the 2024 estimate of 2,383.
  • Led by the Tamil Nadu Forest Department under the ambitious Project Nilgiri Tahr, this year's survey recorded 1,303 Nilgiri Tahrs in Tamil Nadu and 1,352 in Kerala, marking one of the highest combined population estimates in decades.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Tata Motors' P. B. Balaji New CEO of Jaguar Land Rover

  • Jaguar Land Rover (JLR), the luxury automotive arm of Tata Motors, named P. B. Balaji as its new Chief Executive Officer (CEO). He will succeed Adrian Mardell, who is set to retire after an illustrious 35-year career at JLR. The leadership change will take effect on November 17, 2025, marking a new era for the iconic British automaker.
  • Adrian Mardell, who joined JLR over three decades ago, has been instrumental in guiding the company through its most transformative years. As CEO since 2022, he spearheaded JLR's 'Reimagine' strategy, leading the automaker into a new phase of electrification and sustainability.
  • Balaji is an alumnus of IIT-Chennai and IIM-Kolkata.
  • He has over three decades in the automotive and consumer goods sectors, with leadership roles across Mumbai, London, Singapore, and Switzerland.
  • Since joining in 2017, Balaji has been pivotal in Tata Motors' financial and operational revival, strengthening its global standing.

Gautam Adani Redesignated as Non-Executive Chairman of Adani Ports

  • Adani Ports and Special Economic Zone Ltd (APSEZ) -- part of the Adani Group -- said that billionaire Gautam Adani was redesignated from Executive Chairman to Non-Executive Chairman with immediate effect.
  • APSEZ said that based on the recommendation of nomination and remuneration committee, the board approved redesignation of Gautam Adani from Executive Chairman to Non-Executive Chairman, and consequently he would cease to be a key managerial personnel of the company.
  • The company appointed Manish Kejriwal as additional director (Non-Executive, Independent) of the company for an initial term of three years, subject to the approval of shareholders within three months.

CCI Approves Acquisition of Jaiprakash Associates Limited by Dalmia Cement (Bharat) Limited

  • The Competition Commission of India approved the acquisition of Jaiprakash Associates Limited by Dalmia Cement (Bharat) Limited.
  • The proposed combination envisages100% acquisition of Jaiprakash Associates Limited (JAL) by Dalmia Cement (Bharat) Limited (Acquirer) pursuant to a corporate insolvency resolution process (CIRP) under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (IBC).
  • The acquirer is a wholly owned subsidiary of Dalmia Bharat Limited (DBL) which is the ultimate parent entity of the Dalmia Bharat Group.
  • JAL is engaged in diverse business activities viz., real estate, cement, hospitality, engineering, procurement, & construction (EPC) and is currently undergoing a CIRP under the IBC.
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SPORTS

Karnataka Emerges Victorious at 41st Sub-Junior National Swimming Championships

The 41st Sub-Junior National Swimming Championships concluded at the Basavangudi Aquatic Centre in Bengaluru, with Karnataka emerging as the overall champions.
The host state secured the top spot with a total of 104 points, while Manipur was the runner-up with 81 points.
Individually, Koijam Athoiba Singh from Manipur was the Best Male Swimmer of the tournament, earning 28 points. Among the girls, Purvi Ritesh Naik from Goa was the Best Female Swimmer with 19 points.

Tanishka Garg Becomes Youngest Punjab Female Chess Player to Earn International Rating

  • Tanishka Garg of Bathinda became the youngest female from Punjab to earn an international chess rating. She, aged eight years and -+4 months, achieved this milestone while competing in the National Chess Tournament (Under-9 category) held in Gurugram last month July 2025).
  • The ratings were officially released in August 2025 following FIDE's standard calculation procedure.
  • Previously, Tanvir Kaur Khinda, aged just over nine, held the distinction of being Punjab's youngest FIDE-rated female player.
  • To secure an initial FIDE rating, a player must compete in at least five games against already-rated opponents and score a minimum of one point (either through a win or two draws). The player's performance must also meet the rating floor of 1,400 or higher, as per revised FIDE guidelines.

Archery Association of India Launches First-Ever Archery League

  • The Archery Association of India (AAI) announced the launch of the country's first franchise-based Archery League, featuring both compound and recurve archers. Scheduled for October 2025, the event will take place over 11 days at the Yamuna Sports Complex in Delhi, marking a historic moment for Indian archery.
  • The new league will bring together six franchise teams, each comprising a mix of, Top Indian archers, including Olympic and national medalists foreign players, including some from the world's top 10 rankings. This format aims to combine international talent with domestic strength, creating a highly competitive and entertaining platform.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Amit Shah Becomes Longest-serving Home Minister

  • Amit Shah became the longest-serving Union Home Minister in India's history, marking a significant milestone in his political career.
  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi congratulated him on this achievement during the NDA Parliamentary Party meeting, praising his leadership and highlighting several key developments that took place under his tenure.
  • With 2,258 days in office, he surpassed Lal Krishna Advani's tenure of 2,256 days as Home Minister.
  • Before Shah and Advani, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel – India's first Home Minister – held the record with 1,218 days in office.

Tej Pratap Yadav Floats New Alliance with Five Regional Parties

  • Independent MLA and former Bihar minister Tej Pratap Yadav announced a new political front in Bihar, comprising five regional parties, and invited both the Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD), which had expelled him in May, and the Congress to join. However, he ruled out any possibility of an alliance with the BJP or JD(U).
  • The new coalition unveiled includes the Vikas Vanchit Insaan Party (VVIP), Bhojpuria Jan Morcha (BJM), Pragatisheel Janata Party (PJP), Wajib Adhikar Party (WAP), and the Sanyukt Kisan Vikas Party. Senior leaders from each party, including national presidents and general secretaries, were present at the event and expressed support for the alliance.

President's Rule in Manipur Extended by Six Months

  • Parliament approved a statutory resolution to extend President's Rule in Manipur for another six months beyond August 13.
  • The resolution, which was passed by the Lok Sabha last week, was approved by the Rajya Sabha, amid protest by the Opposition over electoral rolls revision in Bihar.
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DEFENCE

Army Chief Inaugurates 'Agnishodh' Research Cell at IIT-Madras

  • Chief of Army Staff General Upendra Dwivedi inaugurated 'Agnishodh', the Indian Army Research Cell (IARC), at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras. The facility aims to integrate academic research with real-time operational applications, reinforcing the Army's modernisation and technology infusion goals under the Five Pillars of Transformation framework.
  • The new research centre will collaborate with IIT Madras Research Park and entities like Advanced Manufacturing Technology Development Centre (AMTDC) and Pravartak Technologies Foundation, focusing on converting lab-scale innovations into deployable technologies. It will also help up skill military personnel in emerging domains including additive manufacturing, cybersecurity, quantum computing, wireless communication, and unmanned aerial systems.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Former J&K Governor Satya Pal Malik Passes Away at 79

  • Former Jammu and Kashmir Governor Satya Pal Malik passed away at the age of 79 after a prolonged illness. Malik, a veteran politician, played a key role during one of the most crucial phases in Jammu and Kashmir's history, including the abrogation of Article 370 in 2019.
  • Satya Pal Malik began his political journey in the 1970s as a socialist leader. He initially represented the Bharatiya Kranti Dal under Charan Singh's leadership and was elected as a member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly in 1974 from Baghpat. His career later saw him holding senior positions, including General Secretary of the Lok Dal. Malik also served two terms in the Rajya Sabha, first in 1980 and then in 1989, with his second tenure as a Congress MP.
  • Malik was appointed as the last Governor of the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir in August 2018. His tenure became historically significant when, on August 5, 2019, the Indian government abrogated Article 370, ending the special status of Jammu and Kashmir. The move, considered one of the most decisive steps in India's political landscape, took place during Malik's governorship.

Former Romanian President Ion Iliescu Dies

  • Former Romanian President Ion Iliescu, who presided over the country's chaotic transition from communism to democracy, died aged 95.
  • Iliescu was Romania's first freely elected President, and served twice, between 1990-1996 and 2000-2004. He was accused of crimes against humanity over the violent revolt that toppled Romania's communist regime in 1989, but always denied wrongdoing.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

Hiroshima Day

  • The world observed the 80th anniversary of the first use of a nuclear weapon as Hiroshima Day on August 6, 2025. On this day in 1945, the United States dropped the first atomic bomb, codenamed 'Little Boy', on the Japanese city of Hiroshima. People across Japan remember this day as one of the darkest days in the country's history.
  • Hiroshima Day is observed annually on this day to commemorate the victims of the world's first nuclear attack. In addition to being a day of remembrance for the lives lost.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Parliament Passes the Carriage of Goods by Sea Bill 2025

  • The Parliament passed the Carriage of Goods by Sea Bill, 2025, with the Rajya Sabha approving it. The Bill was already passed by the Lok Sabha. The Bill seeks to replace the Indian Carriage of Goods by Sea Act, 1925. The Act establishes the responsibilities, liabilities, rights, and immunities in case of goods carried from a port. The legislation empowers the central government to issue directions for carrying out provisions of the Bill, and amend the schedule specifying rules applicable to bills of lading. A bill of lading refers to a document issued by a freight carrier to a shipper. It contains details such as the type, quantity, condition, and destination of goods being carried.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

IIT-Jammu Signs a Tripartite MoU to Drive Regional Innovation

  • The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Jammu, formalised a collaboration by signing a tripartite Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM) and three pioneering start-ups to accelerate translational research, foster technology-driven entrepreneurship and bolster regional economic development.
  • The MoU was inked by IIT Jammu Director Manoj Singh Gaur and CSIR-IIIM Jammu Director Jammu Zabeer Ahmed in the presence of senior scientists, faculty and officials from both institutions.
  • The representatives of the three start-ups — Songbaran Chatterjee (Biogreen Projects), Manigandan Kumarappan (Evlogia Eco Care) and Mahadeva Swamy (Crop Domain) — also participated in the ceremony, marking their induction into this collaborative framework.
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ART AND CULTURE

Lalit Kala Akademi Inaugurates the 64th National Exhibition of Art

  • The 64th National Exhibition of Art (NEA), organised by the Lalit Kala Akademi, India's National Academy of Art, was inaugurated in New Delhi with a grand ceremony that celebrated both India's rich visual heritage and its dynamic contemporary art landscape.
  • The prestigious event was graced by Gajendra Singh Shekhawat, Union Minister for Culture and Tourism, Government of India, as the Chief Guest.
  • In a landmark move, the Akademi announced that the award-winning artworks at this year's NEA will be available for sale, a first in the event's history. This bold initiative aims to directly benefit artists and foster a culture of art acquisition in India.
  • Lalit Kala Akademi, National Academy of Art, New Delhi was set up by the Government of India as an autonomous body, on August 5, 1954. The Akademi was given statutory authority in 1957, under the Societies Registration Act 1860. Since its establishment it has been serving the entire country by promoting the creative endeavors of Indian artists and bringing their arts to bear upon a large number of people, thereby playing an important role in defining and redefining the sensibility of an entire culture, falling under the visual arts spectrum.
  • The 64th National Exhibition of Art is open to the public from August 6 to September 15, 2025.
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

India Becomes World's 5th Biggest Aviation Market

  • India officially emerged as the world's fifth largest aviation market, handling 241 million passengers in 2024, according to the latest World Air Transport Statistics (WATS) released by the International Air Transport Association (IATA). Among the busiest flight routes, Mumbai-Delhi ranked 7th globally, marking India's growing dominance in global air travel.
  • India recorded 241 million air passengers in 2024, a 11.1% increase from 2023, when the figure stood at 211 million.
  • Global Ranking: United States – 876 million passengers (5.2% growth), China – 741 million passengers (18.7% growth), United Kingdom – 261 million passengers, Spain – 241 million passengers and India – 241 million passengers, respectively.
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