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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

12 May 2025

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Sixth Meeting of the Group of Friends of Traditional Medicine (GFTM) Held in Geneva

  • The Sixth Meeting of the Group of Friends of Traditional Medicine (GFTM) was successfully held on May 9, 2025, at the Permanent Mission of India (PMI) in Geneva. The meeting brought together ambassador's representatives from various countries committed to strengthening the role of traditional medicine in global healthcare systems.
  • Building on the Gujarat Declaration and the success of past meetings, this gathering supports key global initiatives—particularly the WHO Traditional Medicine Strategy 2025–2034 and the upcoming Second WHO Global Traditional Medicine Summit, to be held in India from December 2 to 4, 2025.
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ENVIRONMENT

Ladakh Now Home to 477 Snow Leopards: A Conservation Milestone

  • A study under the Snow Leopard Population Assessment in India (SPAI) program revealed that Ladakh is home to 477 snow leopards, making it one of the regions with the highest densities of these elusive big cats globally. This revelation marks a significant milestone in wildlife conservation and positions Ladakh as a premier eco-tourism destination, showcasing the resilience of high-altitude biodiversity.
  • The study, released in May 2025, is the first scientifically validated estimate of snow leopard numbers in Ladakh. Conducted under the SPAI program, the study is a joint effort by the Ladakh Forest Department, Wildlife Institute of India, Ministry of Environment, and Nature Conservation Foundation.

Scientists Discover Two New Crocodile Species

  • Scientists discovered two previously unknown species of crocodiles living on the island of Cozumel and the other on the atoll of Banco Chinchorro, both in Mexico.
  • The two new species are yet to be officially named.
  • The discovery challenges previous assumptions about the American crocodile and highlights the urgent need for conservation efforts.
  • The team analysed the genetic sequences of crocodile populations from Cozumel and Banco Chinchorro and compared them to sequences of crocodiles across the Caribbean, Central America and Mexico's Pacific coast.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Ajoy Chawla to Succeed C.K. Venkataraman as Titan's MD from January 2026

  • Titan Company Ltd., a Tata Group enterprise, announced the appointment of Ajoy Chawla as its next Managing Director. Chawla, currently leading Titan's highly successful jewellery division, will assume the role on January 1, 2026, succeeding C. K. Venkataraman, who retires at the end of December 2025.
  • Chawla has led the jewellery division since October 2019, more than doubling sales and profits during his tenure.
  • He joined Titan in 1991 and has held pivotal roles across watches, accessories, jewellery, and new ventures like SKINN and Taneira.

India Secures 'BBB' Rating with Stable Outlook from Morningstar DBRS

  • India's robust economic reforms, consistent fiscal consolidation, and resilient banking system have led global credit rating agency Morningstar DBRS to upgrade the country's sovereign credit rating. As of May 9, 2025, India's Long-Term Foreign and Local Currency Issuer Ratings have been upgraded from 'BBB (low)' to 'BBB' with a Stable outlook. This positive revision signals growing investor confidence and international recognition of India's economic trajectory.
  • Morningstar DBRS is a leading global sovereign credit rating agency.
  • Morningstar DBRS uses a rating scale similar to Fitch and S&P (uses "high"/"low" instead of "+"/"-").
  • Sovereign Credit Ratings assess a country's ability to repay its debts.
  • 'BBB' is considered investment grade, showing moderate credit risk.

Centre Terminates Services of SECI Chairman R. P. Gupta with Immediate Effect

  • The Union Government terminated the services of R. P. Gupta, Chairman and Managing Director of Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI), with immediate effect.
  • Gupta was at the helm of SECI from June 2023 and his tenure was supposed to end next month (June). This abrupt termination came in the wake of several controversies involving SECI and various sector majors. At the same time, the core task of SECI to sell-purchase renewable energy (RE) has come under severe criticism, with the agency facing a major backlog.
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SPORTS

FIFA Announces Host Cities for 2027 Women's World Cup in Brazil

  • FIFA officially announced the eight cities in Brazil that will host matches during the 2027 FIFA Women's World Cup. The tournament, set to take place from June 24 to July 25, 2027, will feature 32 teams competing across stadiums that previously hosted the 2014 Men's World Cup, ensuring world-class infrastructure and fan experience.
  • List of selected cities and stadiums: Belo Horizonte/Estadio Mineirao, Brasilia/Estadio Nacional, Fortaleza/Arena Castelao, Porto Alegre/Estadio Beira-Rio, Recife/Arena de Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro/Estadio do Maracana, Salvador/Arena Fonte Nova and Sao Paulo/Arena Itaquera.

CSA Appoints Shukri Conrad as South Africa New Head Coach

  • Cricket South Africa (CSA) announced Shukri Conrad as the head coach of the national team across all formats.
  • Conrad replaced former Proteas white-ball coach Rob Walter, following the latter's resignation from the white-ball head coach role last month.

Mohammed Afsal Breaks 800m National Record at UAE Athletics Grand Prix

  • Indian athlete Mohammed Afsal broke the men's 800 m national record at the UAE Athletics Grand Prix 2025 in Dubai.
  • While competing at Dubai Police Club Stadium, Afsal with a time of 1 minute and 45.61 seconds (1:45.61), secured the second spot in a 10-man field.
  • The top spot was secured by Kenya's Nicholas Kiplagat (1:45.38) while South Africa's Christopher Swart finished third with 1:45.84.
  • Afsal's time was 0.04 seconds faster than the previous national record holder, Jinson Johnson, who clocked the timings of 1:45.65 during the 2018 National Inter-State Championships in Guwahati.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

India-New Zealand Free Trade Agreement: First Round of Negotiations Concludes in New Delhi

  • The first round of negotiations for the India–New Zealand Free Trade Agreement (FTA) concluded successfully in the national capital. The talks, held from May 5 to May 9, represent a significant milestone in the growing economic relations between the two nations.
  • The initiative builds on the visit of New Zealand Prime Minister Christopher Luxon to India in March 2025, where he and Prime Minister Narendra Modi discussed expanding economic cooperation. The FTA was formally launched during a meeting in March, between Piyush Goyal, India's Minister of Commerce and Industry, and Todd McClay, New Zealand's Minister for Trade and Investment.

Uttar Pradesh Partners with World Bank to Launch UP AGREES & AI Pragya Initiatives

  • Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath along with World Bank President Ajay Banga unveiled the 'UP AGREES' (Uttar Pradesh Agriculture Growth and Rural Enterprise Ecosystem Strengthening) and 'AI Pragya' projects in Lucknow.
  • Under the UP AGREES project, the state government will get Rs. 2,737 crore loan from the World Bank for a period of six years, which will directly benefit farmers, farmer organisations, fishers, and agriculture-based micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs).
  • Under the 'AI Pragya' initiative, the state government aims to train 10 lakh youth in artificial intelligence (AI) and other emerging digital technologies. The programme will provide certification in key domains like AI, machine learning, data analytics, and cybersecurity — paving the way for more employment opportunities and a thriving startup ecosystem in the state.

Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra Join Hands for Tapti Basin Mega Recharge Project

  • In a move aimed at securing water resources and promoting inter-state cooperation, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra signed an MoU to jointly implement the Tapti Basin Mega Recharge Project. The agreement seeks to mitigate water scarcity and improve irrigation across select districts of both States, especially in Vidarbha, North Maharashtra, and Southern Madhya Pradesh.
  • The project marks a major step forward in water-sharing cooperation between States and aims to receive national project status and 90% Central funding.
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DEFENCE

Rajnath Singh Launches BrahMos Manufacturing Facility in Lucknow

  • Defence Minister Rajnath Singh virtually inaugurated the BrahMos supersonic cruise missile production facility at the Uttar Pradesh Defence Industrial Corridor in Lucknow. Built with an investment of Rs. 300 crore, the unit aims to manufacture 80–100 BrahMos missiles annually, significantly enhancing India's self-reliance in defence manufacturing amid growing regional security concerns.
  • The inauguration of the BrahMos missile manufacturing facility has brought India a step closer to achieving defence self-sufficiency under the "Atmanirbhar Bharat" initiative.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

International Day of Plant Health

  • On May 12, the world observes the International Day of Plant Health (IDPH) to raise global awareness about the crucial role that plant health plays in ensuring food security, protecting biodiversity, reducing poverty, and promoting sustainable development.
  • The day was established by UN General Assembly Resolution A/RES/76/256, co-sponsored by Bolivia, Finland, Pakistan, the Philippines, Tanzania, and Zambia.

International Nurses Day

  • International Nurses Day is observed on May 12 every year. This day marks the birth anniversary of Florence Nightingale who laid the foundation of modern nursing.
  • In 1953 Dorothy Sutherland, an official with the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, proposed that President Dwight D. Eisenhower proclaim a "Nurses' Day"; but he did not approve it.
  • In January 1974, May 12 was chosen to celebrate the day as it is the anniversary of the birth of Florence Nightingale, the founder of modern nursing.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Actor Sonu Sood Honoured for Philanthropic Work during COVID-19

  • Bollywood actor and philanthropist Sonu Sood is set to be honoured with the prestigious Humanitarian Award at the 72nd Miss World Festival for his remarkable philanthropic efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic. The award ceremony will take place on May 31, 2025, at the HITEX Arena in Hyderabad, Telangana, and will celebrate his unwavering dedication to social welfare through the Sood Charity Foundation.
  • Sonu Sood is in the spotlight as he has been selected to receive the Humanitarian Award by the Miss World Organisation, marking international recognition for his extensive humanitarian contributions during the COVID-19 crisis. In addition to the award, he will also serve as a grand finale judge for the Miss World pageant.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Three Jan Suraksha Schemes Complete 10 Years of Providing Social Security Cover

  • The three Jansuraksha schemes completed 10 years of providing social security cover today. The three schemes- Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY), Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY) and Atal Pension Yojana (APY) were launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on May 9, 2015. All three schemes were envisioned to extend affordable financial protection to all, particularly the underserved and vulnerable sections of society. These flagship schemes aim to broaden the insurance and pension landscape by shielding citizens against life's uncertainties and fostering long-term financial resilience.
  • Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) is designed to provide Life Insurance cover for death due to any reason at premium of less than Rs. 2 per day.
  • Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY) is structured to provide accidental death and disability cover for death or disability on account of an accident, up to Rs. 2 Lakh to persons aged between 18-70 years, at a minimal premium of less than Rs. 2 per month.
  • The Atal Pension Yojana (APY) was launched to create a universal social security system for all Indians, especially the poor, the under-privileged and the workers in the unorganised sector. It is an initiative of the Government to provide financial security and cover future exigencies for the people in the unorganised sector. APY is administered by Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) under the overall administrative and institutional architecture of the National Pension System (NPS).
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

Delhi Police Launches 'Nayi Disha' to Reintegrate School Dropouts

  • In a shift from conventional policing to community empowerment, the Delhi Police launched a new initiative called 'Nayi Disha – A Path Back to Learning' to reintegrate school dropouts into the formal education system. Through proactive community engagement and collaboration with NGOs and schools, the police aim to reduce dropout rates and foster educational continuity for disadvantaged children.
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

Bhutan Launches World's First Crypto Tourism Payment System

  • Bhutan has led the way in travel innovation by becoming the first country to introduce a nationwide crypto payment system for tourism. This new initiative lets travellers use Binance Pay for a fully cashless experience — from booking flights and visas to shopping at local markets.
  • Through collaboration with Binance Pay and Bhutan's fully digital DK Bank, over 100 merchants across the country now accept crypto payments. Visitors can pay instantly with supported cryptocurrencies for almost every aspect of their trip, including flights, hotel bookings, tours, entrance fees, and purchases in local markets.
  • This pioneering project combines tradition with technology, empowering local communities and offering a more seamless travel experience.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Justice Surya Kant Appointed as NALSA Executive Chairman

  • Justice Surya Kant, a sitting judge of the Supreme Court of India, was appointed as the new Executive Chairman of the National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) by the President of India. His appointment, effective from May 14, 2025. Justice Kant will now spearhead the national mission to provide free legal aid and promote access to justice for the underprivileged.
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