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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

25 Jul 2024

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Moscow's 'Square of Europe' Renamed to 'Square of Eurasia'

  • Authorities in Moscow renamed the capital city's 'Square of Europe' as the 'Square of Eurasia' amid Russia's worsening relations with the West over the full-scale invasion of Ukraine.
  • The Square of Europe, located in front of the bustling Kievsky Railway Station, was unveiled in 2002 as part of a joint Russian-Belgian project symbolizing European unity.
  • Mayor Sergei Sobyanin's decision to rename the square came after the flags of 48 European countries were removed from the public space in March 2023, 13 months after President Vladimir Putin ordered troops into neighbouring Ukraine.

World Leaders Summit 2024 at the House of Lords in the UK Parliament

  • The World Leaders Summit 2024 set the stage for global dialogue, uniting influential figures worldwide at a historic venue–the House of Lords in the UK Parliament. This prestigious gathering was not just another event; it symbolised hope and collaboration in addressing urgent international issues. As delegates converged in London and shared insights and strategies, the summit became a melting pot of ideas aimed at shaping a collective future. With pressing matters on the agenda, this year's summit promises to leave an indelible mark on how nations interact and address global challenges together.
  • The World Leaders Summit 2024 sparked vital conversations on pressing global issues. Economic growth emerged as a focal point for discussion, with leaders exploring ways to promote sustainable and inclusive growth.
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ENVIRONMENT

Typhoon Gaemi Causes Floods, Flight Cancellations, and School Closures in Philippines

  • Heavy rain from Typhoon Gaemi flooded the Philippine capital Manila and nearby cities, forcing authorities to shut schools, offices, and cancel flights and declare a state of calamity in a region that is home to 13 million people.
  • The storm, which is strengthening as it gusts towards Taiwan, did not make landfall in the Philippines but has intensified seasonal monsoon rains, causing landslides and flooding over the past few days.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Paytm Partners with Axis Bank to Offer POS Solutions, Card Payment Devices

  • Fintech firm One 97 Communications, which owns the brand Paytm, partnered with Axis Bank to provide point of sales solutions and card payment machines to the bank and its merchant network.
  • Through this partnership, Paytm expects its technology to reach a wider merchant base via Axis Bank, thereby enhancing the capabilities of both entities.
  • For Axis Bank, this collaboration strengthens its merchant acquiring portfolio, enabling them to offer payment solutions.

Hardik Pandya Teams up with FanCode Shop to Launch his Brand

  • Allrounder Hardik Pandya inked an exclusive licensing pact with FanCode Shop, the online merchandise store of Dream Sports-owned FanCode, to launch his own performance wear range.
  • As part of the deal, FanCode Shop will design, manufacture, and market the products under the Hardik Pandya brand name in a revenue-sharing partnership.
  • The initial product lineup includes t-shirts, vests, polos, shorts, and jackets, with prices ranging from Rs. 999 to Rs. 2299.

'Angel Tax' Abolished for All Classes of Investors

  • The Union Minister for Finance and Corporate Affairs, Nirmala Sitharaman announced the abolition of 'angel tax' for all classes of investors, while presenting the Union Budget 2024-25 in Parliament. She added that this move is aimed to bolster the Indian start-up eco-system, boost the entrepreneurial spirit and support innovation. She also reduced the corporate tax rate for foreign companies from 40% to 35% to attract foreign capital for India's development needs.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

India's Space Sector Prowess Exhibited at Australian Space Forum

  • A delegation led by the Indian government's space sector regulator and facilitator, the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe), took part in the Australian Space Forum in Adelaide.
  • The delegation, led by Dr. Vinod Kumar, Director Promotion, IN-SPACe, and Shashank Saxena, Deputy Director IN-SPACe, included participants from Indian space start-ups such as Agnikul Cosmos, TakeMe2Space, Dhruva Space, Bellatrix Aerospace, XDLINX Space, mistEO OrbitAid Aerospace and Skyroot Aerospace.
  • At the event, in the presence of IN-SPACe officials and Enrico Palermo, Chief of the Australian Space Agency, firms from both nations signed Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs).
  • The Australian Space Forum provided an invaluable platform for Indian space start-ups to showcase their capabilities and explore potential collaborations with Australian partners. These MoUs represent a significant step towards strengthening ties between our two nations in the space sector.

C-DOT, IITs Sign Pact for 6G Access Point Development

  • The Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT), Department of Telecommunications (DoT), signed an agreement with the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IIT Roorkee) and the Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi (IIT Mandi) for the development of 6G Access Points (APs).
  • The agreement is part of the Telecom Technology Development Fund (TTDF) scheme of the DoT, aimed at providing funding support to domestic companies, Indian start-ups, academia, and R&D institutions involved in technology design, development, commercialisation of telecommunication products and solutions.
  • The project aims to develop the necessary APs to enable the upcoming 6G radio access networks. It will also contribute to the 6G standardization activity and drive commercialisation. The agreement was signed by C-DOT CEO Dr. Rajkumar Upadhyay, IIT Roorkee Principal Investigator Abhay Kumar Sah, and IIT Mandi Co-Investigator Adarsh Patel.

Chinese Scientists Find Traces of Water in Lunar Soil Brought by Chang'e-5 Mission

  • Chinese scientists studying the soil samples of the moon brought by Chang'e-5 mission found water molecules in lunar soil, according to the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
  • The research was carried out jointly by researchers from the Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and the Institute of Physics of CAS and other domestic research institutions.
  • In 2009, India's Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft detected signs of hydrated minerals in the form of oxygen and hydrogen molecules in sunlit areas of the moon.
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SPORTS

Nita Ambani Secures Second Term as International Olympic Committee Member

  • Nita Ambani, founder of Reliance Foundation, was re-elected unanimously to the International Olympic Committee (IOC) for a second term. The announcement came just days before the opening ceremony of the Paris Olympics.
  • Ambani, the first Indian woman to join the IOC in 2016, expressed her gratitude for the renewed trust placed in her.
  • IOC President Thomas Bach congratulated Ambani and other re-elected members of the committee.
  • The International Olympic Committee is a non-governmental sports organisation based in Lausanne, Switzerland.
  • Founded in 1894 by Pierre de Coubertin and Demetrios Vikelas, it is the authority responsible for organising the modern (Summer, Winter, and Youth) Olympic Games.

Top-ranked Jannik Sinner Withdraws from Paris Olympics Tennis Competition

  • Top-ranked Jannik Sinner pulled out of the Paris Olympics due to medical reasons.
  • Sinner won the Australian Open in January 2024 for his first Grand Slam title and moved to No. 1 in the ATP rankings last month (June 2024) after reaching the French Open semi-finals.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Department of Posts Releases Beta Version of DIGIPIN for Public Comments and Expert Opinion

  • Department of Posts is advancing an initiative to establish a standardised, geo-coded addressing system in India, for ensuring simplified addressing solutions for citizen-centric delivery of public and private services. In this regard, the Department had collaborated with IIT Hyderabad for developing a National Addressing Grid, named as Digital Postal Index Number (DIGIPIN). This system will act as a strong and robust pillar of Geospatial Governance, leading to enhancements in public service delivery, faster emergency response and a significant boost to logistics efficiency.
  • The DIGIPIN layer will act as the addressing reference system which can be used for logically locating addresses with directional properties built into it due to the logical naming pattern followed in its construction.
  • The DIGIPIN is proposed to be fully available in the public domain and can be easily accessed by everyone. The DIGIPIN Grid system being an addressing referencing system, can be used as the base layer for other ecosystems, including various service providers and utilities, where addressing is one of the processes in the workflow.
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DEFENCE

10% Reservation for Ex-Agniveers in CAPFs, Assam Rifles

  • The government decided to reserve 10 per cent of vacancies in the Central Armed Police Forces and Assam Rifles for ex-Agniveers, the Rajya Sabha was informed.
  • A provision was made for relaxation in the upper age limit and exemption from the Physical Efficiency Test in the recruitment to the post of constable (general duty) and rifleman in the CAPFs and Assam Rifles for ex-Agniveers, Minister of State for Home Affairs Nityanand Rai said.

Indian Army Contingent to Participate in Joint Military Ex Khaan Quest 2024 in Mongolia

  • The Indian Army contingent will participate in the 21st edition of the multinational joint military exercise Khaan Quest 2024, which is scheduled to be held in Mongolia.
  • The joint military exercise will be held from July 27 to August 9.
  • Khaan Quest 2024 is aimed at enhancing the interoperability of the participating nations during peacekeeping missions in a multinational environment.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

World Embryologist Day

  • World Embryologist Day, or World IVF Day, is celebrated every year on July 25. It gives us a chance to recognise the amazing work that embryologists from the past and present have accomplished.
  • July 25 was chosen as World IVF Day because it is the birthday of Louise Brown, the first baby ever born through in vitro fertilisation (IVF). Louise was born in Oldham, United Kingdom, on this day in 1978.

World Drowning Prevention Day

  • World Drowning Prevention Day, declared in April 2021 by General Assembly resolution A/RES/75/273, is held annually on July 25. This global advocacy event serves as an opportunity to highlight the tragic and profound impact of drowning on families and communities and to offer life-saving solutions to prevent it.
  • The Theme for World Drowning Prevention Day 2024 is 'Anyone can drown, no one should'.
  • This powerful theme serves as a reminder of the universal vulnerability to drowning and the imperative to prevent such tragedies.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Curator-publisher Rahaab Allana Receives Insignia of 'Officier dans l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres'

  • Curator and author Rahaab Allana was conferred with the insignia of Officier dans l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres at the Embassy of France.
  • The French government distinction is given to persons who have distinguished themselves by their creativity in the field of art, culture and literature or for their contribution to the influence of arts in France and throughout the world.
  • Allana, curator and publisher, Alkazi Foundation for the Arts, received the honour for his career as curator of contemporary South Asian photography as well as his contributions to Indo-French artistic cooperation over the years.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Bihar Passes Bill to Curb Paper Leaks, Malpractices in Government Recruitment Exams

  • The Bihar Assembly passed a Bill aimed at curbing the scourge of question paper leaks and other malpractices in recruitment tests conducted by the state.
  • The Bihar Public Examinations (PE) (Prevention of Unfair Means) Bill, 2024, was moved by state Parliamentary Affairs Minister Vijay Kumar Chaudhary and passed through voice vote amidst a walkout staged by the Opposition.
  • The bill stipulates severe punishment for those involved in such malpractices, including a prison term of three to five years and a fine of Rs. 10 lakh.
  • Service providers, a term used to describe agencies entrusted with conducting such tests, could be slapped with a fine of Rs. 1 crore besides debarment of services for up to four years and even attachment of properties.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

Telangana Launches TB-Free Municipalities Under Project Swasthya Nagaram

  • In Telangana, a unique model for TB-Free Municipalities under the Project Swasthya Nagaram, was launched in Hyderabad. Under the collaborative initiative of State Tuberculosis Cell, Municipal Corporations of Peerzadiguda, Boduppal and Pocharam in Medchal Malkajgiri district, Central TB Division, WHO India USAID and others, the project aimed at achieving TB-free municipalities.

JMI's CDOE Launches Prospectus for 2024-25 Session, Biannual Newsletter, YouTube Channel

  • The Centre for Distance and Online Education (CDOE) of Jamia Millia Islamia (JMI) launched its prospectus for the 2024-25 academic session, biannual newsletter and the official YouTube channel.
  • The biannual newsletter is named 'The CDOE Post' and the official YouTube Channel is named – 'CDOE JMI Official'.
  • The JMI officiating Vice-Chancellor Prof. Mohammad Shakeel and Prof. Mohammad Miyan jointly released the biannual newsletter, the CDOE prospectus 2024-2025, and launched the CDOE official YouTube channel in the glittering event.
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ART AND CULTURE

3500-year-old Sales Receipt in the Form of Cuneiform Tablet

  • Archaeologists made a stunning discovery when they stumbled upon a clay tablet engraved with one of the oldest sales receipts in the world in southern Turkey.
  • The tablet, which is written in cuneiform, is an ancient document which belonged to the 15th century BCE. The tablet is a record of wooden furniture purchased in large quantities.
  • Turkish Minister of Culture and Tourism Mehmet Ersoy announced the discovery and said that the historic relic was found by researchers at Eski Alalah, in the southern province of Hatay.

French Museum Issues Gold Coins in Honour of Bollywood Star Shah Rukh Khan

  • The Grevin Museum in the French capital honoured Bollywood star Shah Rukh Khan with its set of customised gold coins.
  • The Grevin Museum at Paris is a wax museum located on the Grands Boulevards on the right bank of the Seine River.
  • Meanwhile, SRK has been earlier immortalised in wax statues in the US, the UK, Germany, France, Czech Republic, Thailand, India, Singapore and Australia.
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

World's most Powerful Passports 2024

  • London-based global citizenship and residence advisory firm Henley & Partners released the list of the world's most powerful passports. As per the Henley Passport Index 2024 July Global Ranking, Singapore held the top position, providing visa-free access to 195 countries. The second position was shared by five countries: France, Germany, Italy, Japan, and Spain, which provide visa-free access to 192 countries.
  • India was ranked at 82nd spot along with Senegal and Tajikistan giving visa-free access to 58 countries. Maldives, whose relations with India have been under strain since November 2023, was ranked 58th, with its citizens having visa-free access to 96 countries. China was ranked at 59th position, as the country grants visa-free access to 85 countries. At the bottom of the list was Afghanistan, which gives its citizens visa-free access to just 26 countries.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Retired Justice Alexander Thomas Named Chairperson of Kerala State Human Rights Commission

  • The Kerala Governor approved a recommendation to appoint former Kerala High Court judge, Justice Alexander Thomas as the Chairperson of the Kerala State Human Rights Commission (SHRC).
  • Justice Thomas was earlier recommended for the post by a three-member selection panel comprising Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan, Leader of Opposition V. D. Satheesan, and Speaker of Kerala Assembly A. N. Shamseer.
  • The post of Chairperson was lying vacant since another former Chief Justice of Kerala High Court Justice Antony Dominic retired in May 2023.
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