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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

22 Jul 2024

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Biden Ends Re-election Bid

  • US President Joe Biden ended his re-election campaign and endorsed Vice-President Kamala Harris to succeed him as the Democratic candidate, in an extraordinary decision that upended an already dramatic race for the White House.
  • The last time an incumbent US president abandoned his campaign for re-election was Lyndon B. Johnson in 1968.
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ENVIRONMENT

Scientists Discover New Plant Species in Arunachal Pradesh

  • Researchers from the Botanical Survey of India (BSI) discovered a new plant species from a wildlife sanctuary in Arunachal Pradesh.
  • 'Phlogacanthus Sudhansusekharii', the plant species discovered from Itanagar Wildlife Sanctuary in Papum Pare district, belongs to the family 'Acanthaceae' and the 'Phlogacanthus' genus.
  • The species is named to honour Dr. Sudhansu Sekhar Dash, a scientist at the BSI, for his significant contribution to plant and ecological research in the Indian Himalayan region.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

CBDT Awards Taxnet 2.0 Project to Bharti Airtel

  • The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) awarded the Taxnet 2.0 project to Bharti Airtel Ltd. This project aims to provide advanced network connectivity, facility management services, and video conferencing services to the Income Tax Department (ITD). Bharti Airtel was chosen through an open tender process for this critical project, which marks a significant advancement over the current Taxnet 1.0 project. The new system aims to enhance the digital infrastructure of the ITD by providing secure, reliable, and seamless connectivity services.

Sanjeev Krishan Re-elected for Second Term as PwC India Chairperson

  • PwC India announced that Sanjeev Krishan was re-elected for a second term as Chairperson of PwC in India, for a four-year period beginning on April 1, 2025.
  • As Chairperson, Krishan will continue to lead PwC in India, representing them externally and internally. He will also continue to serve on the PwC Global Strategy Council.
  • Krishan, whose first term as Chairperson started on January 1, 2021, joined PwC in 1991 as an articled trainee.

OVL Hikes Stake in Azerbaijani Oilfield with $60 Million Investment

  • ONGC Videsh Limited (OVL), a subsidiary of ONGC, acquired Norwegian firm Equinor's stake in Azerbaijan's offshore Azeri Chirag Gunashli (ACG) oil field and an associated oil pipeline for $60 million. This increases OVL's stake in the oil field to 2.95% and in the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan (BTC) pipeline to 3.097%.
  • State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic (SOCAR) holds 25%, BP operates the field with a 30.37% stake, and other shareholders include Japanese firms and ExxonMobil.
  • ONGC Videsh Limited (OVL) established in 1965 is a wholly-owned subsidiary of ONGC to explore and develop petroleum and gas fields outside India.
  • OVL is the second-largest petroleum company in India by reserves and production, with stakes in 32 oil and gas projects across 15 countries.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

'Classical and Quantum Communications for 6G' in Chennai

  • Dr. Neeraj Mittal, Secretary (Telecom) inaugurated a centre of excellence on 'Classical and Quantum Communications for 6G' at IITM Research Park, Chennai. This is a sub-centre of Telecom Centres of Excellence (TCoE)-India and it will spearhead the development and deployment of 6G technology, promising unprecedented speeds, ultra-low latency, and enhanced connectivity.
  • The centre will serve as a hub for innovation, bringing together academic and industry experts to collaborate on cutting-edge projects. This collaborative environment will foster the development of new applications and services that leverage 6G's capabilities. The centre will play a crucial role in shaping the standards and infrastructure for 6G networks worldwide.
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SPORTS

Biju Patnaik Sports Award Not Renamed

  • The sports and youth services department in a notification on July 19 said that the 'Biju Patnaik Sports Award' that was instituted in 2001-02 has been renamed as 'Odisha Rajya Krida Samman'
  • Two days after the Odisha sports and youth services department renamed the state's premier sports award given for lifetime achievement, as well as outstanding performance after Biju Patnaik, CM Mohan Majhi on July 21, clarified that no decision has been taken on renaming the name of 'Biju Patnaik Sports Award'.

Mansukh Mandaviya Launches the Second Phase of the KIRTI Project

  • Sports Minister Mansukh Mandaviya launched the second phase of the KIRTI project with an aim to identify one lakh young athletes within 100 days, for support. He felt the nationwide talent hunt under Khelo India Rising Talent Identification (KIRTI) will prove to be a stepping stone to making India one of the top five nations in the Olympic Games by 2047.
  • He mentioned that, under the KIRTI programme, everyone will be given opportunities to develop their sports skills, whether they live in a village or a city, and whether they come from a poor background or otherwise.
  • KIRTI's talent identification model has been scientifically planned using IT tools and global best practices. The KIRTI program aims to bridge this gap and provide direction to young budding athletes to choose a career path based on their abilities.

India Women vs UAE Women, Asia Cup: India Posts Record Total

  • India women created history with their first ever 200-plus total in a T20I game. Harmanpreet Kaur-led team finished at 201/5 against UAE Women in the ongoing Asia Cup and registered a thumping 78-run victory.
  • India's previous highest score in women T20I was 198/4 against England in 2018. This is also India's highest total in Women's Asia Cup history - going past their own best of 181/4 against Malaysia in 2022.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Union Minister G. Kishan Reddy Inaugurates National Landslide Forecasting Centre

  • Union Minister of Coal and Mines G. Kishan Reddy inaugurated the National Landslide Forecasting Centre (NLFC) at GSI, Dharitri Campus, Salt Lake City, Kolkata. Minister also launched the Bhusanket Web Portal and Bhooskhalan Mobile App. The programme was graced by dignitaries from various disaster management agencies and stakeholder organisations besides Director General, GSI, Janardan Prasad, and other senior officials of the organisation.
  • The NLFC is a pioneering initiative aimed at landslide hazard mitigation in India. It will in due course issue early warning bulletins for all landslide-prone states, operationalizing the regional Landslide Early Warning System (LEWS) nationwide by 2030. Equipped with advanced technology, the NLFC will provide early information to local administration and communities, update landslide inventories, and integrate real-time rainfall and slope instability data for enhanced forecasting accuracy.
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DEFENCE

Turkey Imposes a Ban on Defence Exports to India

  • Turkey banned the export of military products to India. Mustafa Murat Sekar, a Turkish defense official, announced this in a meeting. The ban is due to Turkey's friendship with Pakistan, as India has been opposing Turkey's support for Pakistan in the Kashmir issue on international platforms.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Padma Shri Awardee Organic Farmer Kamala Pujari Dies

  • Padma Shri awardee and noted organic farmer Kamala Pujari died after suffering from kidney-related ailments. She was 74.
  • Born in Patraput village of Baipariguda block in Koraput district, Pujari was a promoter of organic farming and had harvested 100 varieties of rice.
  • She was associated with the MS Swaminathan Research Foundation.
  • Kamala Pujari was conferred with the Padma Shri in 2019 by then President Ramnath Kovind.
  • She was a member of the state planning board in 2018 and was conferred with the best farmer award by the Odisha government in 2004.
  • She also won the 'Equator Initiative Award' in Johannesburg, South Africa in 2002.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

National Flag Day

  • National Flag Day in India is celebrated annually on July 22 to commemorate the historic day when the Constituent Assembly of India adopted the present-day tricolour flag as the official National Flag of the country. This significant day marks the official selection of the tricolour flag with its deep saffron, white, and Indian green stripes, and the Ashoka Chakra in the centre. The occasion also serves as a platform to appreciate and raise public awareness about the flag's role in symbolising India's independence, unity, and rich heritage.

National Mango Day

  • National Mango Day is celebrated in India annually on July 22. Every year, National Mango Day is observed to celebrate the fruit known for its exquisite taste and numerous health benefits.
  • National Mango Day celebrates the mango, a fruit with a long and colourful history. Native to South Asia, mangoes have been cultivated for over 4,000 years and are deeply rooted in the cultural and culinary traditions of many countries. They were first introduced to the Americas in the 18th century and have since become a beloved fruit worldwide.

Pi Approximation Day

  • Pi Approximation Day is celebrated every year on July 22nd because the date (22/7) is commonly used as an approximation for the mathematical constant π (pi).
  • Pi Approximation Day holds special importance as it brings together mathematicians and maths lovers globally to honour the beauty and intricacy of the mathematical constant π (pi).
  • This day also provides a chance to engage in activities that make maths fun and approachable. Pi is essential not only in geometry but also in numerous areas of mathematics, featuring a wide array of formulas across various disciplines.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

RRR Star Ram Charan to be Honoured at Indian Film Festival of Melbourne 2024

  • Superstar Ram Charan will be the guest of honour at the Indian Film Festival of Melbourne (IFFM) where he will also be awarded the Ambassador for Indian Art and Culture for his stellar contributions to Indian cinema. The festival, hosted by the Victorian State Government annually, will organise a retrospective of the actor's films to celebrate his journey in the film industry. It runs from August 15 to 25, 2024.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

Telangana Government to Set Up Education Commission

  • Telangana Chief Minister A Revanth Reddy said that his government would soon set up an education commission to address the problems faced in this sector. Revanth Reddy, who held a meeting with several educationists, said that his government is committed to imparting quality education, skill training, and employment generation, right from Anganwadis and primary schools to universities.
  • The government has taken several measures, including issuing notification for recruitment of 11,000 teachers, decided to conduct teachers' eligibility test, and providing uniforms and textbooks to students on the day schools are reopened, to strengthen the education system.
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ART AND CULTURE

After 350 Years, Chhatrapati Shivaji's "Wagh Nakh" Back In India

  • The historic wagh nakh, the tiger claw-shaped weapon reportedly used by Maratha warrior king Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj to kill Bijapur Sultanate general Afzal Khan in the 1659 Battle of Pratapgarh was put on display at the Satara Museum, Maharashtra, for the next seven months.
  • The weapon, brought to India from London's Victoria and Albert Museum to commemorate the 350th anniversary of the Maratha ruler's ascension to the throne, received a grand welcome in Western Maharashtra's Satara. The Chief Minister praised Mr. Mungantiwar's efforts to bring the weapon from London.
  • As per reports, after its seven-month display in Satara, the wagh nakh will be exhibited for nine months each in Nagpur and Kolhapur, before being housed in a Mumbai museum. It is on a three-year loan.
  • The wagh nakh or bagh nakh is a weapon shaped like a tiger's claws. The wagh nakh has four or five claws. The metal weapon is worn on the knuckles and the 'claws' are sometimes tipped with poison.
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

China Makes World's First High-speed Carbon Fiber Train

  • China presented a ground-breaking advancement in high-speed rail technology, cementing its position as a global leader in the sector. The country unveiled the first carbon fiber-only passenger train in history. Because this train is noticeably lighter than conventional trains, and it will help cut pollution tremendously.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Senior Lawyer Pitambar Acharya Appointed As New Advocate General Of Odisha

  • Senior Advocate Pitambar Acharya was appointed Advocate General (AG) for the State of Odisha.
  • A notification to this effect was issued by the Law Department pursuant to the order of Governor Raghubar Das.
  • The AG's position was lying vacant after Ashok Kumar Parija resigned in June 2024 after the loss of the Biju Janta Dal (BJD) party in the State Legislative Assembly elections.
  • Acharya is a Bhartiya Janata Party (BJP) leader who had contested against former Chief Minister of Odisha Naveen Patnaik from Hinjili in 2019. He had also served as the party's spokesperson for some time.

Justice Sujit Narayan Prasad Appointed Acting Chief Justice of Jharkhand High Court

  • Justice Sujit Narayan Prasad taken over as the acting Chief Justice of the Jharkhand High Court after the Central government cleared his appointment
  • Justice Prasad took over from Chief Justice B. N. Sarangi who retired.
  • Justice Prasad is currently the senior-most judge of the Jharkhand High Court. He was appointed an additional judge of the High Court in 2014.
  • He was subsequently transferred to the Orissa High Court in 2015.
  • He was transferred back to the Jharkhand High Court in 2018.
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