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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

02 Jul 2024

DAILY G.K. TEST

Start Test

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Mauritanian President Comfortably Wins Re-election

  • Mauritanian President Mohamed Ould Ghazouani was re-elected as head of state following national vote, winning comfortably in the first round without the need for a run-off.
  • The former Army Chief won just over 56 per cent of the vote, the Independent National Electoral Commission said, giving him a second five-year term during which Mauritania is set to become a gas producer.
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ENVIRONMENT

India Becomes First Nation to Prepare Full List of Fauna

  • The Fauna of India Checklist Portal is the first comprehensive document on the faunal species reported from India. India became the first country in the world to prepare a checklist of its entire fauna, covering 104,561 species. The 'Fauna of India Checklist Portal' was launched on the occasion of the 109th Foundation Day of the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) in Kolkata by Union environment minister Bhupender Yadav.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

MoSPI Launches eSankhyiki Portal for Enhanced Data Access

  • The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) introduced the eSankhyiki portal to revolutionise data accessibility and user experience. This initiative aims to centralise and streamline access to key national statistical data, supporting planners, policymakers, researchers, and the public.
  • The portal's Data Catalogue Module consolidates over 2291 datasets, including National Accounts Statistics, Consumer Price Index, and more. It offers detailed metadata and visualisation tools to enhance data usability and reusability.
  • The Macro Indicators Module provides time-series data on major indicators such as National Accounts Statistics and Consumer Price Index over the past decade. It supports data filtering, visualisation, and API sharing, empowering users to analyse and utilise data effectively.

Union Bank of India Introduces 'Union Premier' Branches for Rural and Semi-Urban Markets

  • Union Bank of India launched 'Union Premier' branches tailored for high-value customers in rural and semi-urban (RUSU) markets. These branches are designed to offer personalised banking services and a comprehensive range of products under one roof.
  • Each 'Union Premier' branch features a dedicated Relationship Manager to cater to the specific banking needs of every high-value customer, ensuring personalised attention and service excellence.

Ravi Agrawal New CBDT Chief

  • Ravi Agrawal, a 1988-batch IRS officer, was appointed as the new Chairman of the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT). He succeeded Nitin Gupta, whose tenure ended on June 30, 2024. Agrawal's appointment extends till June 2025, with a reappointment on a contract basis to ensure continuity in CBDT's policy framework.
  • Previously serving as a member (administration) in the board, Agrawal's extended tenure aims to oversee critical tax policy decisions and manage upcoming Union government budgets in July 2024 and February 2025. His reappointment under special conditions underscores the significance of continuity in CBDT's leadership.
  • The CBDT, headed by a Chairman, operates with six members of special secretary rank.
  • The CBDT was established in 1963 and it has been responsible for several important reforms in the Indian taxation system.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Chinese Scientists Discover the Plant that Could Survive On Mars

  • As per reports, a team of scientists from China discovered a plant that could possibly be able to survive and grow in the harsh climate of Mars. The desert moss, which is found in Antarctica and the Mojave Deserts, might become pivotal to establishing life on the red planet.
  • Scientifically named Syntrichia caninervis, the plant can handle extreme cold, extreme radiation levels and drought. The team claims that its research, which focuses on the possibility of cultivating plants on the planet's surface as opposed to in greenhouses, is the first to examine the survival of entire plants in such an environment.

SERA, Blue Origin Announce India Partner Nation for Human Space Flight Programme

  • The Space Exploration and Research Agency and Blue Origin announced India as a partner nation in their human spaceflight programme for citizens from countries who have sent a few or no astronauts to space.
  • SERA, a US-based agency, will offer citizens from across the world six seats on a future mission of New Shepard, Blue Origin's reusable suborbital rocket.
  • New Shepard will fly the selected astronauts on an 11-minute journey past the Kármán line (100 km), the internationally recognised boundary of space.
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SPORTS

Dinesh Karthik Named RCB Men's Team Batting Coach and Mentor

  • A month after announcing his retirement from all form of cricket, former India wicketkeeper-batter Dinesh Karthik joined Royal Challengers Bengaluru as batting coach and mentor.
  • The wicketkeeper-batter made 257 appearances in IPL, scoring 4,842 runs at an average of 26.32. Karthik played for Kolkata Knight Riders, Mumbai Indians, Delhi Daredevils, and Kings XI Punjab apart from RCB.

India Overcome Resilient South Africa and Win One-off Women's Test by 10 Wickets

  • India were made to wait a tad longer for the winning moment by centurion Laura Wolvaardt, but they eventually went past the line convincingly by 10 wickets on the fourth and final day of the one-off women's Test against South Africa in Chennai.
  • India were required to chase a modest 37 after bowling out South Africa for 373 in their second innings and the hosts accomplished the task in 9.2 overs without losing a wicket. India had declared their first innings closed at 603 for six.
  • The opening duo of Shubha Satheesh (13 not out) and Shafali Verma (24 not out) steered their side home comfortably.
  • This is India's second 10-wicket triumph in Tests after a scoring a similar win over the Proteas at Paarl in 2002.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Sujata Saunik Becomes First Woman Chief Secretary of Maharashtra

  • Sujata Saunik, a 1987 batch IAS officer, became the first female Chief Secretary of Maharashtra when she took over from retiring Chief Secretary Nitin Kareer. Incidentally, Kareer had taken the charge of this post from Saunik's husband Manoj Saunik.
  • Earlier, Sujata Saunik worked as additional chief secretary in the Home Department and General Administration Department, Government of Maharashtra. She is the 45th Chief Secretary of Maharashtra since 1960, when the state came into being.
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DEFENCE

SEBEX 2, India's New Explosive Revolutionising Military Firepower

  • India took a significant leap in military technology with the development of SEBEX 2, a powerful new explosive. Certified by the Indian Navy, SEBEX 2 is reported to be twice as lethal as the standard Trinitrotoluene (TNT), marking it as one of the most powerful non-nuclear explosives globally. This breakthrough would revolutionise artillery shells and warheads, enhancing their destructive capabilities without increasing their weight.
  • SEBEX 2 was rigorously tested under the Defence Export Promotion Scheme of the Indian Navy. The formulation was developed by Economic Explosives Ltd (EEL), a subsidiary of Nagpur-based Solar Industries. The certification process completed, highlights the explosive's enhanced firepower and blast effect, which surpasses any currently available solid explosive.
  • The development of SEBEX 2 falls under the Make in India initiative, showcasing India's commitment to advancing its defense capabilities with indigenous technologies. The explosive uses a composition based on high-melting explosive (HMX), significantly improving the lethality of warheads, aerial bombs, artillery shells, and other munitions.

Major General V. T. Mathew Takes Over as General Officer Commanding of Karnataka, Kerala Sub Area

  • Major General V. T. Mathew took over as the General Officer Commanding (GOC) of Karnataka and Kerala Sub Area.
  • The General Officer is an alumnus of Sainik School Kazakkotam in Thiruvananathapuram, National Defence Academy in Khadakwasla and Indian Military Academy, Dehradun. He was commissioned into 11 Madras Regiment in December 1988.
  • In his 35 years of meritorious service the General Officer has held various important instructional, staff and UN peace keeping appoints during his service. He has been on UN Mission in Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUC) as Military Observer and was also the Chief Operational Officer, Force HQ UNISFA, Sudan.

IAF Inaugurates Weapon System School to Enhance Combat Prowess

  • The Indian Air Force (IAF) marked a significant milestone with the inauguration of the Weapon System School (WSS) at Begumpet, Telangana. Air Chief Marshal V. R. Chaudhari, Chief of the Air Staff (CAS), presided over the ceremony, signalling a major step towards bolstering the IAF's offensive capabilities.
  • The establishment of the WSS stems from the IAF's 2022 decision to create a dedicated Weapon System Branch (WSB). This specialised branch unifies operators of various ground-based and specialist weapon systems, streamlining operations and fostering a more cohesive approach to offensive strategies.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Veteran Sri Lankan Politician & Tamil Leader Sampanthan Passes Away

  • R. Sampanthan, a veteran Sri Lankan politician and a moderate Tamil leader, who relentlessly pursued a life of peace, justice and dignity for Tamil nationals in the island nation, passed away, the Tamil National Alliance (NTA) announced. He was 91.
  • Sampanthan led the TNA from 2004 and became only the second Tamil to become the main opposition leader in the Sinhala-majority country.
  • He took office as the leader of the opposition in 2015 and was actively involved in the process of drafting a new Constitution until 2019.
  • A brilliant lawyer, Sampanthan entered Parliament for the first time in 1977 from the eastern port district of Trincomalee.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

World UFO Day

  • World UFO Day is celebrated on July 2, every year. This day is dedicated to bringing people together to discuss the possibility of aliens and UFOs. The day is organized by WorldUFODay.com.
  • Established in 2001 by UFO researcher Haktan Akdogan, the day was first observed on June 24 to commemorate American pilot Kenneth Arnold's observation of unknown flying objects. The date was later changed to July 2 to coincide with the Washington, DC sightings.

World Sports Journalists Day

  • World Sports Journalists Day is celebrated every year on July 2 to honour those who bring sports stories to life – the sports journalists.
  • The International Sports Press Association (AIPS) started World Sports Journalists Day in 1994. This date is important because AIPS itself was formed on July 2, during the Summer Olympics in Paris.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

NIT Calicut: Only NIT Placed under Top 10 Innovation Category

  • For the last three years, the National Institute of Technology (NIT) Calicut has maintained its position in the National Institutional Ranking Framework under the architecture category. From 2021 to 2023, the Institute's NIRF position has remained steady at second position. However, in 2019 and 2020, the Calicut-based engineering institute was placed in the third position.
  • With no ranking under NIRF's innovation category, the Institute changed its fortunes by getting the eighth rank in the 2023 ranking list. It is the only NIT to have ever been positioned in the top 10 category under innovation category in 2023.
  • Established in 1961 the institute secured second ranks in the architecture category of NIRF 2023 rankings by scoring 91.68 in teaching, learning, and resources (TRL) out of 100, 43.78 in research and professional practice (RPC) out of 100, 85.63 in graduation outcomes (GO), 67.36 in outreach and inclusivity (OI) and 71.96 in perception out of 100.
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BOOKS AND AUTHORS

PM Modi Releases Three Books on Ex-VP Naidu

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi released three books on former Vice President M. Venkaiah Naidu on his 75th birthday.
  • The event took place at the Anvaya Convention Centre in Gachibowli, Hyderabad, and Modi released the books via videoconferencing.
  • Among the books the Prime Minister released are a biography of the former vice-president titled "Venkaiah Naidu – Life in Service", authored by S. Nagesh Kumar, former resident editor of The Hindu's Hyderabad edition, and "Celebrating Bharat – The Mission and Message of Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu as 13th Vice-President of India" — a photo chronicle compiled by his former secretary Subba Rao.
  • The third book is a pictorial biography in Telugu titled "Mahaneta – Life and Journey of Shri M Venkaiah Naidu", authored by Sanjay Kishore.
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

Air India to Set up South Asia's Largest Flight Training School in Amravati

  • Air India is establishing South Asia's largest flight training school in Maharashtra's Amravati district with an investment of over Rs. 200 crore. Scheduled to open in the first quarter of the next financial year, this initiative aims to secure a steady pipeline of pilots for the airline, which will require 500-700 pilots annually to support its expansion plans following a mega order of 470 Airbus and Boeing aircraft in 2023.
  • In partnership with Maharashtra Airport Development Company (MADC), Air India leased a 10-acre plot in Amravati for thirty years. The facility will feature 31 single-engine Piper aircraft and three twin-engine Diamond aircraft, training 180 commercial pilots annually. The infrastructure includes a newly extended runway of 1,850 metres, modern navigation aids, and night landing facilities. Amravati offers over 300 days of clean visibility, optimizing conditions for pilot training.
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