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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

29 Jun 2024

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Jaishankar to Lead Indian Delegation to Attend SCO Summit in Astana

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi will not attend the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit this year (2024). External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar will lead the Indian delegation to Kazakhstan capital Astana.
  • The summit will take place from July 3-4 in Astana. Kazakhstan took over the SCO presidency from India, which was the president last year (2023). India hosted the SCO summit virtually in July 2023.
  • The SCO, comprising India, China, Russia, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, is considered an influential economic and security bloc. The summit hosted by Kazakhstan is expected to see participation by Putin, Chinese President Xi Jinping and Pakistan PM Shehbaz Sharif.

António Costa New President of European Council

  • Portugal's former Socialist Prime Minister António Costa was elected as the next president of the European Council.
  • The decision was announced in Brussels, with Italian Prime Minister Georgia Meloni being the only European leader who voted against.
  • Mr. Costa said in his acceptance speech that he will take up the post with a "great sense of mission", committed to promoting unity between the 27 member states and the Strategic Agenda for the next five years.
  • The post is being vacated by Mr. Costa's predecessor Charles Michel as of December 1, 2024.
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ENVIRONMENT

Pench Tiger Reserve Embraces AI for Enhanced Forest Fire Protection

  • The Pench Tiger Reserve in Maharashtra took a significant step forward in wildlife protection by introducing an advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) system for early forest fire detection. This innovative approach marks a new chapter in conservation efforts, combining cutting-edge technology with traditional wildlife management practices.
  • This AI system is truly unique as it is integrated with satellite technology, which combines live camera footage with data from 15 commercial satellite services. It is the first-of-its-kind approach in wildlife conservation.
  • The introduction of this AI system represents a significant leap forward in wildlife conservation efforts. By harnessing the power of technology, the Pench Tiger Reserve is setting a new standard for protected area management.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Tata Group Retains Top Spot as India's most Valuable Brand at $28.6 Billion

  • Tata Group retained its position as India's most valuable brand with a value of $28.6 billion, reflecting a 9 per cent increase from last year (2023). Following Tata, Infosys holds the second position, while HDFC Group made a significant leap to third place, in Brand Value's 'India 100 2024 ranking.
  • The India 100 report is curated by Brand Value, assessing more than 250 Indian brands across industries.

Shivraj Singh Chouhan Launches Portal for Faster Bank Settlements

  • Union Minister for Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare Shivraj Singh Chouhan launched a new web portal, aimed at automating and expediting the settlement of interest subvention claims under the Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF). This initiative is developed jointly by the Department of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare (DA&FW) and NABARD.
  • Chouhan said, "The newly launched automation of credit claims will ensure that the claims are settled within a day. The process, when previously done manually, would take months".
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

NASA Initiates Process to Dismantle ISS, SpaceX to Design Deorbit Vehicle

  • NASA selected Elon Musk's SpaceX to design and develop a vehicle capable of deorbiting the International Space Station (ISS) after its operational life ends in 2030.
  • Selecting a US Deorbit Vehicle for the International Space Station will help NASA and its international partners ensure a safe and responsible transition in low Earth orbit at the end of station operations. This decision also supports NASA's plans for future commercial destinations and allows for the continued use of space near Earth.
  • While the company will develop the deorbit spacecraft, NASA will take ownership after development and operate it throughout its mission. Along with the space station, it is expected to destructively breakup as part of the re-entry process.
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SPORTS

Shafali Verma Scores Fastest Double Century in Women Test Cricket

  • India opener Shafali Verma smashed the fastest double century in the history of women's Test cricket, eclipsing Annabel Sutherland of Australia during the one-off Test against South Africa.
  • Shafali scored her double ton off just 194 balls, bettering Sutherland's feat, which came off 248 balls against South Africa earlier this year. This was also the maiden international three-digit score for Shafali across all three formats.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Vikram Misri India's New Foreign Secretary

  • Deputy National Security Advisor Vikram Misri was appointed the next foreign secretary, according to an official notification. The 1989-batch Indian Foreign Service officer will take charge on July 15, a day after the incumbent Vinay Kwatra's tenure ends.
  • Misri was India's ambassador to China between 2019 and 2021 and is known to have a good network in the Chinese establishment. He is believed to have played a key role in the talks with China after tensions flared following the Galwan Valley clashes in June 2020.
  • He was private secretary to three Prime Ministers — Inder Kumar Gujral, Manmohan Singh and Narendra Modi. On January 1, 2022, he succeeded Pankaj Saran as Deputy NSA in the National Security Council Secretariat.

Former Jharkhand CM Hemant Soren Walks Out of Jail after Getting Bail

  • Former Jharkhand Chief Minister and Jharkhand Mukti Morcha leader Hemant Soren was released from jail after he was granted bail by the High Court in a money laundering case linked to a land scam.
  • Soren was granted bail in the case by the court two weeks after the court had reserved its order on the plea.
  • A single bench of Justice Rongon Mukhopadhyay granted bail to Soren on a Rs. 50,000 bail bond and two sureties of the same amount.
  • Soren, the executive president of the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM), was arrested by the Enforcement Directorate (ED) on January 31 in connection with its investigation into the money laundering case. He was lodged in Birsa Munda jail in Ranchi since then.

India Contributes USD 1.169 Mn to Continue Promotion of Hindi at UN

  • The Government of India made a whopping contribution of USD 1,169,746 for 'Hindi @ UN' project to expand the use of Hindi in the United Nations. The Government of India has been making continuous efforts to expand the use of Hindi in the United Nations.
  • As part of these efforts, 'Hindi @ UN' project, in collaboration with the UN Department of Public Information, was launched in 2018 with an objective to enhance the public outreach of the United Nations in Hindi language, and to spread greater awareness about global issues among millions of Hindi-speaking people around the world, read a press release from India's Permanent Mission to UN, New York.
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DEFENCE

South Korea, US, and Japan Launch First Trilateral Multi-Domain Exercise

  • Japan, the Republic of Korea, and United States conducted the inaugural execution of exercise Freedom Edge, a trilateral multi-domain exercise in June. The execution of the exercise was announced at the Camp David Summit in August 2023 and at the Japan, ROK, and U.S. defense ministerial meeting, which took place in June during the Shangri-La Dialogue.
  • The exercise focused on cooperative Ballistic Missile Defense, Air Defense, Anti-Submarine Warfare, Search and Rescue, Maritime Interdiction, and Defensive Cyber training. Starting with this iteration, Japan, ROK, and U.S. will continue to expand the Freedom Edge exercise.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

National Statistics Day

  • National Statistics Day is celebrated on June 29 every year to recognize the contributions of P. C. Mahanalobis. It is not be confused with World Statistics Day, which is a UN-designated day and is celebrated on October 20.
  • The Indian government designated June 29 as National Statistics Day in recognition of the contributions made by Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis in the fields of statistics and economic planning on June 5, 2007. The first National Statistics Day was celebrated on June 29, 2007 and it has been celebrated on the same day since then.
  • Professor Mahalanobis was part of the first planning commission of India and was instrumental in establishing the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) in 1931.

International Day of the Tropics

  • On June 29 each year, we observe the International Day of the Tropics, a celebration that highlights the unique characteristics of tropical regions. This annual event serves as a platform to explore the rich diversity found in these areas, while also addressing the specific challenges and opportunities they encounter.
  • The first 'State of the Tropics Report' was published on June 29, 2014, representing a collaborative effort among a dozen prominent research institutions focusing on tropical regions. This groundbreaking report provided a fresh and distinctive outlook on an area of growing global importance. A follow-up report was released in 2020, continuing to shed light on tropical issues.
  • In recognition of the original report's significance, the UN General Assembly took action in 2016 and passed resolution A/RES/70/267, which established June 29 as the annual International Day of the Tropics. This decision was made to commemorate the anniversary of the initial report's release and to ensure ongoing attention to tropical matters on a global scale.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Dr. Usha Thakur Awarded 12th Vishwa Hindi Samman in Hindi Samvad Event

  • Dr. Usha Thakur was awarded the 12th Vishwa Hindi Samman (World Hindi Conference) at a Hindi Samvad event organised by the Embassy of India in Nepal.
  • The award recognised her contributions to the development of Hindi literature.
  • Dr. Thakur has translated over 40 works into Hindi and Nepali, strengthening the Hindi language.
  • The award is given by the Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India.
  • The 12th World Hindi Conference was held in Fiji in 2023.
  • Dr. Thakur could not attend the conference in Fiji, so she received the award at an event held at Tribhuvan University in Kathmandu, Nepal.
  • The World Hindi Conference is a global event, which celebrates the Modern Standard Hindi register of the Hindustani language. It gathers Hindi scholars, writers, and laureates from various parts of the world. Participants contribute to the promotion and development of the Hindi language.

Sanjana Thakur Wins 2024 Commonwealth Short Story Prize

  • Sanjana Thakur, writer from Mumbai, beat competition from over 7,359 entrants worldwide and was named the winner of the GBP 5,000 Commonwealth Short Story Prize 2024 in London. Sanjana's story entitled Aishwarya Rai takes its name from the famed Bollywood actress to reimagine and reverse the traditional adoption story.
  • Her story revolves around a young woman, Avni, who chooses between possible mothers housed in a local shelter.
  • The Commonwealth Short Story Prize is an annual award for unpublished short fiction administered and funded by the Commonwealth Foundation. The prize covers the Commonwealth regions of Africa, Asia Canada and Europe, Caribbean and Pacific.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Assam Cabinet Accords Approval to Assam Witness Protection Scheme, 2024

  • The cabinet approved the Assam Witness Protection Scheme, 2024 to ensure adherence to Section 398 of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, to ensure protection of witnesses against imminent threats during the course of the investigation and trial of any cases.
  • According to the scheme, a witness in any case could apply for Witness Protection in prescribed form before a competent authority through its member secretary for seeking Witness Protection Order.
  • Protection measures under the witness protection scheme would include holding of in-camera trials, installation of security devices such as CCTV, security door, alarm, fencing etc. in the witness' home, close protection and patrolling near witness' home, temporary change of residence, escort to and from the court, provision of government vehicle for the date of hearing etc.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

JNU Leads IIRF 2024 Central University Rankings

  • The IIRF University Ranking 2024 has set a benchmark in the realm of higher education assessments. In the category of Top Central Universities, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) in New Delhi topped the list, University of Delhi (DU) in New Delhi climbed to the second spot, and Banaras Hindu University (BHU) in Varanasi also secured the top positions.
  • In the category of Top Deemed Universities (Government & Private), the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bengaluru, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) in New Delhi, and Homi Bhabha National Institute in Mumbai have been recognised for their consistent academic excellence and significant contributions to research and education.
  • Among the Top Private Universities (Overall), Ashoka University in Sonipat climbed to top spot as compared to second last year, Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology (DA-IICT) in Gandhinagar, and Shiv Nadar University in Dadri have been highlighted for their holistic education experience, industry linkages, and superior technical education. These institutions have demonstrated an unparalleled commitment to academic rigour, research innovation, and industry collaboration, setting new standards in Indian higher education.
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

Tourism Development Conclave 24 Concludes Focussing on Revitalising Tourism in Jammu & Kashmir

  • The two-day Tourism Development Conclave 2024 concluded at the Sher-i-Kashmir International Conference Centre in Srinagar with insightful discussions and strategic deliberations aimed at revitalising tourism in Jammu & Kashmir.
  • G20 Sherpa Amitabh Kant chaired multiple panel sessions focusing on various aspects of tourism development. He emphasised the importance of creating transformative experiences in Kashmir, highlighting a shift towards experiential tourism encompassing adventure, cultural heritage, and eco-tourism. Mr. Kant also urged the tourism department to collaborate with travel writers and operators to showcase Kashmir's unique offerings and improve global perceptions of the region.
  • During the event, Jammu and Kashmir Chief Secretary Atal Dulloo underscored Kashmir's enduring strength in hospitality. He stressed the need to address issues such as overcharging to enhance visitor experiences and promote repeat tourism.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Jammu and Kashmir High Court Grants Recognition to Kashmir Advocates Association

  • The High Court of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh granted recognition to the Kashmir Advocates' Association (KAA), while exercising the powers vested with it under Section 58 of the Advocates Act, 1961
  • The decision was taken after the Full Court made a recommendation to recognise the KAA under the Advocates' Welfare Fund Act, 2001.
  • Advocate Waseem Gul is the President of KAA, while Advocate Mubashir Majid Malik is its Vice President. Jeetender Singh is the KAA's General Secretary and Adil Muneer Andrabi is its Joint Secretary.
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