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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

13 Jun 2024

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

IMF Approves Second Review of Sri Lanka's $2.9 Billion Bailout

  • The International Monetary Fund (IMF) approved the second review of Sri Lanka's $2.9 billion bailout package, authorising the flow of around $336 million to the crisis-hit nation. The global lender acknowledged signs of economic growth in a statement issued but warned that the country's economy remained highly vulnerable and that achieving debt sustainability remains a challenge.
  • The IMF urged the Official Creditor Committee (OCC), which comprises key lenders Japan and India, to complete a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) as soon as possible. It also encouraged complete agreements with the Chinese Export-Import Bank. The lender highlighted the importance of completing these agreements in stabilising Sri Lanka's financial status and ensuring a long-term economic recovery.

United Nations Declares 2025 as the Year to Focus on Quantum Advancements

  • The United Nations General Assembly officially declared 2025 as the International Year of Quantum Science and Technology. The 193-member Assembly passed a resolution co-sponsored by Ghana and six other countries, acknowledging the significance of this groundbreaking field of study.
  • The year 2025 marks a century since the publication of Werner Heisenberg's seminal paper, which laid the foundation for quantum mechanics. This momentous scientific event prompted the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to request the General Assembly to declare 2025 as the International Year of Quantum Science and Technology.
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ENVIRONMENT

MP Completes Preparations for Second Cheetah Home - Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary

  • The Madhya Pradesh government completed preparations for its ambitious cheetah reintroduction project at Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary, which is slated to be the second home for cheetahs in India after Kuno National Park.
  • Teams from Kenya and South Africa had earlier visited Gandhi Sagar to assess the conditions.
  • Chief Minister Mohan Yadav chaired a meeting of the state wildlife board, during which it was informed that preparations were completed.
  • Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary in Mandsaur district, Madhya Pradesh, is around 270 km from Kuno National Park in Sheopur. The second home for cheetahs is spread over 64 sq km, protected with a wired fence.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

COAI Names VI's Abhijit Kishore as Chairperson; Bharti Airtel's Rahul Vatts Vice-chair

  • Telecom industry association Cellular Operators Association of India (COAI) named Vodafone Idea's COO Abhijit Kishore as its Chairperson and Bharti Airtel's Chief Regulatory Officer Rahul Vatts as the Vice Chairperson of the association, effective June 2024. The announcement came after COAI (Cellular Operators Association of India) concluded its annual general body meeting for 2023-24.
  • Kishore brings to the board a wide-ranging experience of over three decades with the Indian telecom industry across functions, organisations and geographies. He took over the charge from Pramod K. Mittal, a president at Reliance Jio Infocomm.
  • Vatts also has 29 years of experience and expertise in telecom and broadcasting licensing, economic regulations, spectrum management and regulatory litigation. He is also a governing council member of various telecom standardisation bodies in India.

GAIL to Set Up India's Largest Ethane Cracker Project with Rs 60,000 Crore Investment in MP

  • GAIL (India) plans to establish a 1500 KTA Ethane Cracker Project in Sehore, Madhya Pradesh, with an estimated capex of Rs. 60,000 crore. The project aims to produce a range of ethylene derivatives, bolstering the petrochemical infrastructure in the region.
  • The project will be situated in Ashta, District Sehore, spanning approximately 800 hectares. The Madhya Pradesh Industrial Development Corporation Limited is facilitating land acquisition for the project, with the state government already initiating the process.

India & UAE Forge New Path with Local Currency Settlement System

  • India and the UAE embarked on a groundbreaking initiative with the introduction of the Local Currency Settlement System (LCSS), aimed at transforming their economic relations. This system allows transactions between the two nations to be conducted in their respective domestic currencies, Indian Rupees and UAE Dirhams, thus reducing reliance on intermediary currencies like the US Dollar. The LCSS promises to significantly cut transaction costs and settlement times, fostering a more streamlined and efficient trade environment.
  • During Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi's visit to the UAE, pivotal steps were taken to establish the LCSS, marked by a Memorandum of Understanding between the Reserve Bank of India and the Central Bank of the UAE.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Three Craters on Mars Named for Physicist Devendra Lal, Towns in UP, Bihar

  • Three craters on the surface of Mars were named for renowned cosmic ray physicist late Devendra Lal and the towns of Mursan and Hilsa in northern India.
  • While the discovery was made by a team of scientists which included researchers working at the Physical Research Laboratory (PRL), Ahmedabad in 2021, the naming was approved by an international body in June 2024.
  • The three craters are situated in the Tharsis volcanic region of the Red Planet.
  • On the recommendation of the PRL, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature approved naming the craters as 'Lal' crater, 'Mursan' crater and 'Hilsa' crater, PRL director Anil Bhardwaj said.
  • Mursan and Hilsa are the names of towns located in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, respectively.
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SPORTS

India to Host Men's Junior Hockey World Cup in 2025

  • The Executive Board of the International Hockey Federation (FIH) designated India as the host country for the inaugural FIH Hockey Men's Junior World Cup featuring 24 teams, set to take place in December 2025. This decision underscores FIH's commitment to expanding opportunities for National Associations and promoting diversity in the sport. FIH President Tayyab Ikram expressed enthusiasm for the expanded event format, emphasizing its significance in shaping the future of hockey. India, with its rich hockey legacy, has previously hosted the tournament thrice and clinched the title twice on home turf.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Chandrababu Naidu Sworn in as Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister for 4th Term

  • Telugu Desam Party (TDP) chief Chandrababu Naidu took oath as the Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh for a fourth term. Ally and Jana Sena chief Pawan Kalyan along with Naidu's son Nara Lokesh were among 24 leaders who took oath as ministers for the state. The ceremony was attended by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Union Ministers Amit Shah, Nitin Gadkari, J. P. Nadda as well as Shiv Sena chief Eknath Shinde.
  • The oath ceremony took place near Medha IT Park opposite Gannavaram Airport in Kesarapalli on the outskirts of Vijayawada. The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in alliance with Chandrababu Naidu's Telugu Desam Party (TDP) and Pawan Kalyan's JanaSena Party contested Andhra Pradesh Assembly polls and Lok Sabha elections. In the Lok Sabha polls, the alliance performed strongly, securing 21 out of 25 Lok Sabha seats in the state. The TDP won 16 seats, BJP three and Jana Sena Party two.

PM Modi Leaves for Italy, 1st Foreign Trip this Term

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi left for Italy to attend the 50th G7 leaders' summit. It is his first trip abroad after assuming charge as the Prime Minister for the third term.
  • PM Modi attended the G7 summit for the fifth time in a row. India has attended 10 G7 summits in the past; this the 11th one.

NCP (Ajit Pawar) Picks Sunetra Pawar as its Rajya Sabha Nominee

  • Sunetra Pawar, the wife of Deputy Chief Minister Ajit Pawar, filed her nomination as the Nationalist Congress Party's (NCP) candidate for the upcoming Rajya Sabha polls. The party finalised her name in a meeting.
  • Sunetra recently contested the Lok Sabha elections from the Baramati constituency, where she faced off against sitting MP and Sharad Pawar's daughter, Supriya Sule, in a high-voltage family battle. She lost to Sule by a margin of 1.58 lakh votes.
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DEFENCE

Lt. General Upendra Dwivedi is New Army Chief

  • The Centre appointed Vice Chief of Army Staff Lt Gen Upendra Dwivedi as the next Army Chief. The development came in just over two weeks after the government in an unusual move extended the tenure of current Army chief General Manoj Pande who was to retire on May 31, by a month.
  • Lt Gen Dwivedi replaces Gen Pande.
  • The former Northern Army Commander is the seniormost officer in the Army at present and the norm is to appoint the most senior Army commander or the Army vice chief is made the Army chief when the serving COAS retires. The Army chief retires on completion of three years in the appointment or on attaining the age of 62, whichever is earlier.
  • Lt Gen Dwivedi was commissioned into the Infantry (Jammu & Kashmir Rifles) of the Army on December 15, 1984.
  • During his long and distinguished service spanning four decades, he has served in a variety of Command, Staff, Instructional and Foreign appointments. His Command appointments include Command of Regiment (18 Jammu & Kashmir Rifles), Brigade (26 Sector Assam Rifles), as Inspector General, Assam Rifles (East) and 9 Corps.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Jerry West, All-time Great and Inspiration for NBA Logo, Dies

  • Jerry West, widely regarded as one of the greatest basketball players of all-time whose silhouette was the inspiration for the National Basketball Association's logo, died at the age of 86.
  • West played for the Lakers from 1960 through 1974, winning his only NBA title in 1972, and was co-captain on the 1960 Rome Olympic US basketball gold medal squad.
  • In later years, West served as an executive on several NBA clubs, and lastly the Clippers, his knowledge and guidance contributing to eight championship runs, six by the Lakers.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

International Albinism Awareness Day

  • June 13 marks the annual observance of International Albinism Awareness Day, a day dedicated to raising awareness about albinism – a rare, genetically inherited condition that causes a lack of pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes.
  • This year's (2024) theme, '10 years of IAAD: A decade of collective progress', highlights the collective efforts made over the past decade to promote understanding, acceptance, and support for individuals living with albinism.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Chief Minister Stalin Launches Soil Health Scheme in Tamil Nadu

  • Chief Minister M.K. Stalin inaugurated the 'Chief Minister's Mannuyir Kaathu Mannuyir Kaappom' scheme to improve the soil health across Tamil Nadu.
  • The Rs. 206 crore scheme announced in the state agriculture budget will benefit 2 lakh farmers.
  • In the first phase green manure will be cultivated on 2 lakh acres at Rs. 20 crore.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

UP Government Schools to Send Student Results via Mobile from New Session

  • In a significant move aimed at enhancing communication between schools and parents, the Uttar Pradesh government decided that from the upcoming academic session, parents of children enrolled in government primary and upper primary schools will receive their wards' results directly on their mobile phones. This decision was made during an executive committee meeting of Samagra Shiksha, chaired by Chief Secretary Durga Shankar Mishra.
  • This initiative will benefit approximately 1.9 crore students enrolled in government schools under the Basic Shiksha Parishad.
  • Under the Operation Kayakalp initiative, the past five years have seen significant improvements in school infrastructure and the provision of attractive learning materials. The current focus is on enhancing the quality of education. The committee also gave in-principle approval for the introduction of smart classes in 3,530 upper primary and composite schools and the establishment of ICT labs in 1,515 such schools.

Wadhwani Foundation Partners with Top Institutes to Boost Innovation Hubs in India

  • The Wadhwani Foundation, in a significant move, signed MoUs with AICTE, IIT Bombay, IIT Delhi, IIT Kanpur, IIT Hyderabad, IISc Bangalore, and C-CAMP to establish Wadhwani Innovation Network Centres of Excellence (WIN-COEs) to accelerate the commercialisation of academic innovations.
  • This partnership aims to transform academic and laboratory research by Indian faculty, students, and researchers into real-world applications that can be sold, used, or implemented in various industries, thus creating long-term economic value, and benefiting society. Currently, less than 1 per cent of higher education institutes in India are engaged in research.

Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham top Indian varsity in Times Higher Education University Impact Rankings 2024

  • Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham was placed at the 81st position in the Times Higher Education (THE) University Impact Rankings 2024 announced, in June. Australia's Western Sydney University bagged the top position by scoring 99.7 overall marks followed by United Kingdom's University of Manchester and Australia's University of Tasmania with 98.5 overall marks.
  • Beyond 100, THE Impact Rankings 2024 does not assign individual ranks but places institutions in brackets instead.
  • Several Indian universities and institutions made it to the list of THE Impact Rankings 2024. JSS Academy of Higher Education, Lovely Professional University, Manipal Academy of Higher Education and Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences were placed at 101-200 rank slab.
  • While BS Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, KIIT University and Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences were ranked among the 201-300 category, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Gandhinagar got 301-400 rank and IIT Guwahati was ranked at 401-500.
  • IIM Mumbai (previously called NITIE) ranked under the 601-800 belt. Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), one of the top universities in India, also bagged a position in the 901-1000 rank.
  • THE University Impact Rankings for 2024 identify and celebrates universities that excel across multiple United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). These institutions, as per THE, also demonstrate excellence in contributing to global sustainable development.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Karnataka Prohibition of Violence against Advocates Act Comes into Force

  • The Karnataka government notified the Karnataka Prohibition of Violence against Advocates Act, 2023 (KPVA Act) with effect from June 10.
  • The statement and objects of the law highlights that in doing their duty, advocates are vulnerable to malicious and frivolous prosecution by rival parties which interferes with the performance of their duties and the administration of justice itself.
  • The law was introduced in the State assembly by Karnataka's Law and Parliamentary affairs minister H. K. Patil on December 11, 2023. It was then passed by the Karnataka Legislative assembly on December 12, 2023.
  • The law received the assent of the Governor on March 20, 2024.
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