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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

01 May 2024

DAILY G.K. TEST

Start Test

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

South Korea Confirms Talks on Joining AUKUS Pact with US, UK and Australia

  • South Korea held talks on joining a part of the AUKUS defence deal between the U.S., Britain and Australia, Defence Minister Shin Won-sik said, only weeks after the pact said it would hold formal talks on Japan's entry.
  • AUKUS, formed by the three countries in 2021, is part of efforts to push back against China's growing power in the Asia Pacific region.
  • We support AUKUS Pillar Two activities and we do welcome that members are considering Korea as an AUKUS Pillar Two partner."
  •  The first stage, or "pillar", of AUKUS is designed to deliver nuclear-powered attack submarines to Australia and is not open to new members.
  • However, the original three members have long said more countries would be invited to join the second pillar, which is focused on sharing military technology across a range of areas including quantum computing and hypersonic missiles.

G7 Agree to End Use of Unabated Coal Power Plants by 2035

  • Ministers from the G7 countries agreed to end the use of unabated coal power plants by 2035 – but left the door open for those heavily reliant on coal to breach the deadline.
  • After two days of talks in Turin, Italy, they published a pledge to "phase out existing unabated coal power generation in our energy systems during the first half of 2030s" to curb the rise in global greenhouse gas emissions.
  • The communique marks a key climate milestone for the G7 nations – the UK, US, Canada, France, Italy, Germany and Japan – who had been unable to reach an agreement on phasing out coal after several years of talks.
  • According to Italian minister Gilberto Pichetto Fratin, it is the first time that a path and a target has been set on coal.

Indian Delegation Visits Bangladesh for Bilateral Talks

  • A four-member Indian delegation from the Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG) was on a three-day visit to Bangladesh to further boost bilateral ties on governance matters.
  • Led by Secretary V. Srinivas, the DARPG delegation arrived in Dhaka on Sunday for bilateral discussions regarding renewal of MOU between National Centre for Good Governance (NCGG), India and Bangladesh Ministry of Public Administration for the period 2024-2029.
View Month Wise

ENVIRONMENT

Meteorite Impact Formed Luna Crater in Gujarat

  • A recent geochemical analysis has confirmed that the Luna crater, located in the Banni Plains grassland of Gujarat, India, was formed by a meteorite impact approximately 6,900 years ago. The crater, named after its proximity to the village of Luna, measures 1.8 kilometers (1.1 miles) in width and has an outer rim that rises about 6 meters (20 feet) above the crater floor.
  • Scientists in India had suspected the crater's extraterrestrial origin but lacked confirmation until February 2024
  • The Operational Land Imager (OLI) on NASA's Landsat 8 satellite captured a detailed image of the crater on February 24, 2024
  • Geochemical analysis revealed characteristic signatures of a meteorite impact, including rare minerals formed under extreme temperatures and pressures, as well as high concentrations of iridium.

Kathmandu Tops List for 'Unhealthy Air' Worldwide: Urgent Mask-Wearing Advisory Issued

  • In Nepal, the Ministry of Health and Population has urged people to wear masks given the increase in air pollution in Kathmandu valley. The air quality in Kathmandu was at the top of the list of cities with 'unhealthy air' in the world. According to IQAir, an organisation that measures the real-time pollution of 101 cities in the world, Kathmandu was found to be the most polluted city in the world. 
  • In terms of pollution, Kathmandu, New Delhi, Chiang Mai in Thailand, Hanoi in Vietnam, Bangkok in Thailand and Dhaka in Bangladesh are ranked first, second, third, fourth and fifth respectively. People are advised not to come out of their homes unnecessarily, not to travel and to stay away from highly polluted areas.
View Month Wise

BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

RBI Issues Draft Framework for Electronic Trading Platforms

  • The Reserve Bank of India proposed a revised regulatory framework for Electronic Trading Platforms (ETPs) in the wake of increased integration of the onshore forex market with offshore markets. Market makers too have been requesting the Reserve Bank to allow access to offshore ETPs offering Indian Rupee (INR) products.
  • ETP refers to any electronic system, other than a recognised stock exchange, on which transactions in eligible instruments are contracted. Eligible instruments mean securities, money market instruments, foreign exchange instruments, derivatives, or other instruments of like nature.
  • As per the 'Draft Master Direction - Reserve Bank of India (Electronic Trading Platforms) Directions, 2024' an entity seeking authorisation as an ETP operator should maintain a minimum net-worth of Rs. 5 crore and continue to maintain the minimum net-worth prescribed all times.
  • Also, the entity should be a company incorporated in India. Further, shareholding by non-residents, if any, in the entity seeking authorisation as an ETP operator should conform to all applicable laws and regulations, including the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999.

Telecom Industry Seeks Ban on Illegal WiFi 6E Routers

  • The Cellular Operators Association of India (COAI), representing major telecom players like Reliance Jio, Airtel, and Vodafone Idea, has urged the government to ban the sale of WiFi 6E routers that utilise the 6 GHz spectrum band for data transmission. The association alleges that these routers are being sold illegally through online platforms such as Amazon, Flipkart, and Moglix, as well as offline traders.
  • The Department of Telecom (DoT) has not yet decided on the utilisation of the 6 GHz spectrum band.
  • COAI argues that selling equipment for 6 GHz band utilisation, which has not been assigned or declared as licence-exempt by the government, is illegal.
  • The sale of such WiFi 6E products results in unauthorised transmissions in the country.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

The Indian Space Situational Assessment Report (ISSAR) for 2023

  • The Indian Space Situational Assessment Report (ISSAR) for 2023, compiled by ISRO System for Safe and Sustainable Space Operations Management (IS4OM) and released by ISRO Chairman S. Somanath, has revealed that more space objects were placed in orbit in 2023 compared to the previous year, indicating a growing trend in space object population.
  • Global Scenario
  • 3,143 objects added in 2023 from 212 launches and on-orbit breakup events (vs 2,533 objects from 179 launches in 2022).
View Month Wise

SPORTS

India Announce Squad for Men's T20 World Cup 2024

  • Rohit Sharma will lead India's quest for the long-awaited glory as BCCI announced their squad for the ICC Men's T20 World Cup 2024 squad.
  • India squad: Rohit Sharma (c), Hardik Pandya (vc), Yashasvi Jaiswal, Virat Kohli, Suryakumar Yadav, Rishabh Pant (wk), Sanju Samson (wk), Shivam Dube, Ravindra Jadeja, Axar Patel, Kuldeep Yadav, Yuzvendra Chahal, Arshdeep Singh, Jasprit Bumrah, Mohd. Siraj.
  • Reserves: Shubman Gill, Rinku Singh, Khaleel Ahmed and Avesh Khan.
  • India is placed in Group A of the tournament alongside arch-rivals Pakistan, Ireland, Canada and co-hosts USA. Their campaign begins on 5 June against Ireland at the newly-constructed Nassau County International Cricket Stadium in New York before they take on Pakistan in one of the most awaited matches of the upcoming T20 World Cup.

Spain Appoints Former National Coach Vicente del Bosque to Supervise Soccer Federation

  • Spain's government appointed former national squad coach Vicente del Bosque as head of a new committee supervising the country's scandal-ridden RFEF soccer federation. 
  • Spain, which will co-host the 2030 World Cup, last week announced the creation of a special committee to oversee RFEF until the governing body holds new elections. FIFA and UEFA were closely monitoring the situation with great concern.

Brijesh Tamta, Sagar Jakhar and Sumit Reach Semi-Finals of ASBC Asian under 22 and Youth Boxing Championships 2024 in Astana

  • In Boxing, Brijesh Tamta, Sagar Jakhar and Sumit reached the semi-finals of the ASBC Asian Under 22 and Youth Boxing Championships 2024 in Astana, Kazakhstan, yesterday. With these victories, the Indian boxers have guaranteed a medal in the youth category.
  • In the Mens 48 kg quarter-final, Brijesh overcame a tough bout against Uzbekistan's Sabirov Sayfiddin, clinching victory with a 4-3 win, after the bout went to review. On the other hand, Sagar Jakhar and Sumit both registered a convincing 5-Nil victory in their respected categories. In Men's 60 kg category, Sagar defeated Thailand's Kalaseeram Thanaphansakon, while Sumit beat Hong Seo Jin of South Korea in Men's 67 kg quarter-final. However, another Indian boxer Jitesh, in 54 kg, lost Nil-5 to Kazakhstan's Tulebek Nurassyl.
View Month Wise

NATIONAL AFFAIRS

CISF Takes over Parliament Security from Delhi Police

  • CISF personnel replaced the 150 personnel of the Delhi Police, including 54 women personnel, who were deployed for the security of Parliament complex following a security breach on December 13 last year (2023).
  • The move was initiated on the request of the Lok Sabha Secretariat who asked the Security unit of the Delhi Police to withdraw its 150 personnel from the Parliament premises.

Devender Yadav is Interim Chief of Delhi Unit

  • Congress president Mallikarjun Kharge appointed Devender Yadav as the interim chief of the party's Delhi unit, days after Arvinder Singh Lovely resigned from the post citing his inability to continue without a free hand and criticising the alliance with AAP.
  • Yadav will continue in his role as AICC in-charge for Punjab.
  • Devender Yadav won from the Badli assembly constituency in Delhi in 2008 and 2013 and lost to Ajesh Yadav of AAP in 2015, and is currently the All India Congress Committee's (AICC) Punjab in-charge.
View Month Wise

DEFENCE

Admiral Dinesh Kumar Tripathi Takes Charge as 26th Navy Chief

  • Admiral Dinesh K. Tripathi assumed command of the Indian Navy as the 26th Chief of the Naval Staff. He succeeded Admiral R. Hari Kumar who retired upon superannuation after over 40 years of service.
  • Admiral Tripathi is an alumnus of Sainik School Rewa and National Defence Academy, Khadakwasla. He was commissioned into the executive branch of the Navy on July 1, 1985.
  • A communication and electronic warfare specialist, he has served on frontline warships of the Navy as signal communication officer and electronic warfare officer and later as the executive officer and principal warfare officer of the guided missile destroyer INS Mumbai, the Navy said in a statement. His sea commands include INS Vinash, Kirch and Trishul.
  • He was the Vice Chief of Naval Staff, prior taking over as Navy Chief.
View Month Wise

DAYS AND EVENTS

International Labour Day or May Day

  • International Labour Day, observed annually on May 1, is a global tribute to the invaluable contributions of workers and the ongoing struggles of the working class. Originating from the late nineteenth-century labour movement, this day, also known as May Day, commemorates the historic fight for improved working conditions and fair treatment.
  • The roots of International Labour Day trace back to a pivotal event in American history. In 1886, workers rallied for the establishment of an eight-hour workday, culminating in a massive demonstration. However, tensions flared in Chicago, leading to the tragic 'Haymarket Affair,' which ultimately became the catalyst for the inception of International Labour Day.
  • Formally established in 1889 by socialist parties across Europe, International Labour Day emerged as a dedicated occasion to honour workers worldwide. Recognised as a day of solidarity and advocacy, it serves to raise awareness about workers' rights, combat exploitation, and foster initiatives for better working conditions.
  • The theme for International Labour Day 2024 is 'Social Justice and Decent Work for All'.

Maharashtra Day

  • Maharashtra Day, also known as Maharashtra Divas, is celebrated every year on May 1. The day celebrates the formation of the state in 1960. Maharashtra was carved out of the Bombay Presidency and was declared a separate state on May 1, 1960. Present-day Gujarat is the other part of the Bombay state. The states were divided based on language after massive protests. Every year people of the state celebrate this day with great pomp and fervour.
  • The history of Maharashtra Day dates back to 1956 when the States Reorganisation Act was passed. This act led to the division of the Bombay Presidency into the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat in 1960, with Maharashtra officially becoming a separate state on May 1, 1960.

Gujarat Foundation Day

  • Gujarat Day, celebrated on May 1, commemorates the formation of the vibrant state of Gujarat on May 1, 1960. This annual occasion reflects Gujarat's rich cultural heritage, resilience, and contributions to India's cultural mosaic. With a history steeped in tradition and progress, Gujarat Day serves as a reminder of the state's journey towards independence and its ongoing pursuit of growth and prosperity.
  • Gujarat was carved out of the Bombay State on May 1, 1960, following the enactment of the Bombay Reorganisation Act. This legislative move acknowledged the distinct cultural and linguistic identity of Gujarat, paving the way for its emergence as an independent state. Since then, Gujarat Foundation Day has been celebrated to honor the state's rich heritage and achievements.
View Month Wise

AWARDS AND HONOURS

Naveen Chandra Wins Best Actor at Dada Saheb Phalke Film Festival Entertainment

  • Impact Star Naveen Chandra has clinched the highly coveted Best Actor award at the prestigious Dada Saheb Phalke Film Festival. The accolade recognises his outstanding performance in the film 'Month of Madhu'.
  • The Dada Saheb Phalke Film Festival, named after the father of the Indian film industry, celebrates excellence in cinema across various categories each year. Artists from all corners of the country vie for these esteemed awards, making it a true testament to talent and dedication.
View Month Wise

GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

IIMC Delhi to offer MA in Media Business, Strategic Communication

  • The Indian Institute of Mass Communication (IIMC), which was declared a deemed-to-be university earlier this year (2024), will start offering postgraduate degree courses from the 2024-25 academic session.
  • As of now, IIMC only offers PG diploma courses in journalism and mass communication-related fields.
  • Two Master of Arts (MA) programmes — in Media Business Studies, and Strategic Communication — are set to be rolled out in August.
  • These two MA courses will be offered with 40 seats each at IIMC's New Delhi campus. IMC, an autonomous body under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, has five regional centres.
  • Besides the designated 40 seats in each of the two courses, special quotas for experienced professionals and defence forces will also be offered.
View Month Wise

BOOKS AND AUTHORS

IIT Madras Hosts Book Launch of '100 Great IITians - Dedicated to the Service of the Nation'

  • Business Wire India IIT Madras, organised a prestigious felicitation ceremony and book launch of "100 Great IITians – Dedicated to the Service of the Nation". The book is a tribute to the remarkable contributions made by IITians to the growth of India.
  • The general impression about IITians is that after passing out they decide to settle abroad. Commander VK Jaitly, who himself is an alumnus of IIT Kharagpur, wanted to break this perception. He researched and toiled for more than four years and compiled the stories of 100 great IITians who have dedicated their lives for the nation. These IITians either didn't go abroad or even if they did, they came back to their motherland to serve the nation. The IITians featured in this book are from diverse fields like Academics, Industry, R&D, DRDO, ISRO, Defense, Adventure and even Spiritual and Social Sectors.
  • The event was organised in the AMM Arunachalam Auditorium at ICSR with the full support from the Director of IIT Madras, Prof. V. Kamakoti. Prof. Devendra Jalihal, Director Designate of IIT Guwahati steered the function in an excellent way and with total punctuality. The President of IIT Kharagpur Alumni Foundation India, Rajah Venkat graced the occasion along with many other IITians, students and veterans from defense services.
View Month Wise

LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

SILF Inaugurates New Building, Dispute Resolution Centre

  • Vice-President of India Jagdeep Dhankhar inaugurated the newly constructed building of the Society of Indian Law Firms (SILF) in a ceremony held at Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi. 
  • The building located at New Delhi's Rouse Avenue will also host a Dispute Solutions Centre named Samjhauta, which will be run in collaboration with Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), under the overall guidance of SILF Senior Vice-President Shardul Shroff.
  • Through research, legal education and mediation initiatives, SILF aims to facilitate the expeditious resolution of disputes and promote a culture of amicable settlements.

Justice Dinesh Kumar Appoints as the SAT Presiding officer

  • Justice (retired) Dinesh Kumar took charge as the Presiding Officer of the Securities Appellate Tribunal (SAT) on 29 April 2024. The government of India appointed Justice Dinesh Kumar for a four-year term. Before taking over as the presiding officer of SAT, Justice Dinesh Kumar was the chief justice of the Karnataka High Court. He retired from the post in February 2024.
  • The SAT has been functioning without a presiding officer for the last four months, as the last presiding officer, Justice Tarun Aggarwal, retired in December 2023
  • Dheeraj Bhatnagar also took charge as the technical member of the tribunal. He has been appointed for a term of four years or till he reaches the age of 67, whichever is earlier. Dheeraj Bhatnagar retired as principal chief commissioner of Income Tax Delhi. The other member of the three-member SAT is Meera Swarup.
  • The Securities Appellate Tribunal is a statutory body established in 1992 under the provisions of the Securities Exchange Board of India Act 1992.
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