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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

29 Sep 2023

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Sri Lanka's IMF Bailout Faces Delay Amidst Ongoing Debt Restructuring

  • Sri Lanka is facing delays in receiving the second tranche of its $2.9 billion IMF bailout package due to unresolved issues with its external debt restructuring. This crisis came as the nation grapples with its worst economic downturn in history, characterized by dwindling foreign exchange reserves and public protests over shortages of vital commodities.
  • In March 2023, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) granted Sri Lanka a 48-month extended arrangement worth $2.9 billion under the Extended Fund Facility (EFF). The aim was to bolster Sri Lanka's economic policies and promote essential reforms.

International Scientists Make Refined Map of World's '8th Continent' Zealandia

  • A dedicated team of international geologists and seismologists embarked on a mission to chart the depths of Zealandia, a relatively unknown landmass submerged beneath the Pacific Ocean. Their efforts resulted in the creation of an updated and highly detailed map that sheds light on the continent's intriguing geological features.
  • Zealandia, often referred to as the eighth continent, remains shrouded in oceanic mystery, with a staggering 94% of its expanse concealed beneath the sea's surface. The remaining 6% peeks above the waves, encompassing islands such as New Zealand and its neighboring isles.
  • The geological history of Zealandia dates back approximately 83 million years when volcanic forces played a pivotal role in the separation of the supercontinent Gondwana, giving rise to the continents we recognize today.
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ENVIRONMENT

Switzerland Glaciers' Overall Volume Shrinks by 10% in Last Two Years

  • As per a report, the glaciers in Switzerland, this year (2023), suffered their second worst melt rate after record depletion in 2022, lessening their comprehensive volume by 10% in the last two years.
  • In 2022, Switzerland's glaciers shed six per cent of their overall volume and this year (in 2023), they lost another four per cent, representing the second largest decline since measurements began, the Cryospheric Commission of the Swiss Academy of Sciences found in a new study.
  • The result of two consecutive extreme years had been collapsing glacier tongues and some smaller glaciers disappearing altogether.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

RBI Clears K. N. Madhusoodanan as Part-time Chairman of Dhanlaxmi Bank

  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) cleared the appointment of K. N. Madhusoodanan as a part-time chairman of Kerala-based Dhanlaxmi Bank. This came after a period of 21 months during which the company was without a chairman, following the resignation of G. Subramonia Iyer in December 2021 for personal reasons.
  • Madhusoodanan has been an independent director with the bank since 2022. This appointment also follows the RBI's rejection of a proposal to appoint G. Rajagopalan Nair as its part-time chairman. Nair was also an independent director with the bank since August 2020.

Flipkart Appoints Microsoft's Keshav Dhakad as Senior V-P, General Counsel

  • Keshav S. Dhakad was appointed senior vice president and general counsel for the Flipkart Group. Dhakad will be responsible for all legal-related matters for the Flipkart Group. Dhakad joined Flipkart from Microsoft Corporation, where he spent over a decade and a half.
  • As the general counsel of Microsoft India, which comprised six business units, Dhakad was the group head of Corporate, External and Legal Affairs (CELA). He has over 23 years of law firm and in-house legal experience, having begun his professional journey with a leading boutique intellectual property law firm, M/s Anand & Anand Advocates, New Delhi, in 1999.
  • He is a law graduate (LLB) from Campus Law Centre, Faculty of Law at the University of Delhi, and obtained his masters (LLM) from Franklin Pierce Law Centre, New Hampshire, USA. Besides the Bar Council of Delhi, Dhakad is also admitted to practise law in New York State since 2003.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Google & HP Join Hands to Make Chromebooks in India

  • In a significant development aligned with the Make in India initiative, tech giants HP and Google teamed up to manufacture budget-friendly Chromebook laptops in India. This strategic partnership aims to target the affordable notebook market, particularly catering to students, educational institutions, and government procurement needs.
  • The Chromebook devices are expected to be priced at approximately Rs. 20,000, with potential for even lower rates in bulk purchases. Production will take place at the Flex facility near Chennai, where HP has been manufacturing laptops and desktops since August 2020.
  • Google sees this collaboration as an opportunity to further integrate itself into the Indian education system with budget-friendly notebooks.
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SPORTS

Leander Paes Becomes First Asian Man to be Nominated for International Tennis Hall of Fame

  • Multiple Grand Slam winner Leander Paes emerged as the first Asian man to be nominated for the International Tennis Hall of Fame (ITHF) in the player category.
  • Paes was one of the six nominees announced for the Class of 2024. He will be competing with Cara Black, Ana Ivanovic, Carlos Moya, Daniel Nestor and Flavia Pennetta in the Player Category.
  • Li Na, the Chinese player who won the women's singles title at Australian Open and French Open, became the first Asian player to get nominated to the ITHF in 2019.
  • Paes is a winner of 18 Grand Slam titles in doubles and mixed doubles, besides being a former doubles world No. 1.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

BJP Divides Rajasthan into 7 Zones

  • In preparation for the upcoming Rajasthan Assembly elections, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) initiated strategic planning at various levels. The entire state was divided into 7 zones, with the responsibility handed over to leaders from different states. As per reports, each zone will have an in-charge and various leaders will be responsible for strengthening the party's position in the constituencies within the zones.
  • These leaders will continuously update the zone in charge, keeping the party headquarters informed of the ground situation.

India Ageing Report 2023

  • UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund) India, in collaboration with the International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), unveiled the highly anticipated 'India Ageing Report 2023'. This report sheds light on the challenges, opportunities and institutional responses surrounding elderly care in India, as India navigates a demographic shift towards an ageing population.
  • The report was jointly released by Mr. Saurabh Garg, Secretary, Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment (Government of India) and Ms. Andrea M. Wojnar, UNFPA India Representative and Country Director Bhutan.
  • The report's key findings encompass a range of analyses related to elderly well-being, including:
  • The enhancement of geriatric care to cater to the unique healthcare needs of seniors
  • A multitude of government schemes and policies addressing the health, financial empowerment, and capacity building needs of the elderly population
  • Community-based organizations actively engaged in digital empowerment through computer and internet usage sessions
  • Ministerial committees dedicated to shaping policies for elderly welfare
  • Corporate efforts for joyful aging, social assistance, old age homes, and elder abuse awareness campaigns
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DEFENCE

Maruti Suzuki Joins Hands with Indian Navy for Northeast Outreach

  • Maruti Suzuki, India's leading carmaker partnered with the Indian Navy to raise awareness about career opportunities among the youth in the Northeast through 'Khamree Mo Sikkim' outreach programme.
  • This initiative highlights collective commitment from all stakeholders towards the development and empowerment of the Northeastern region.
  • To mark the occasion, a 6,500-km expedition was launched from the Lonavala naval base in Maharashtra. A total of 45 Navy officials participated in the journey in five vehicles, including three of Maruti Suzuki's true-blue off-roader Jimny and two flagship Grand Vitara All Grip SUVs.
  • This partnership exemplifies India's enduring spirit and underscores Maruti Suzuki's dedication to promoting development in the Northeastern region.
  • It embodies a collaborative effort aimed at advancing progress and enhancing the well-being of Northeast India.
  • The main goal is to educate and inspire young individuals about the diverse opportunities within the Navy, while also fostering and reinforcing connections with the local communities in the region.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

India's Green Revolution Pioneer M. S. Swaminathan Passes Away

  • M. S. Swaminathan, hailed as the father of India's Green Revolution, passed away at the age of 98. Swaminathan was instrumental in developing high-yielding varieties of paddy that helped ensure India's low-income farmers produce more yield.
  • He was hailed as the 'Father of Economic Ecology' by the United Nations Environment Programme.
  • During his tenure in office, Swaminathan served in various capacities across departments. He was appointed Director of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (1961-72), Director General of ICAR and Secretary to the Government of India, Department of Agricultural Research and Education (1972-79), Principal Secretary, Ministry of Agriculture (1979-80), Acting Deputy Chairman and later Member (Science and Agriculture), Planning Commission (1980-82) and Director General, International Rice Research Institute, the Philippines (1982-88).
  • Swaminathan was awarded the first World Food Prize in 1987 following which he set up the MS Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF) in Taramani, Chennai.
  • Swaminathan was also conferred with the Padma Shri, Padma Bhushan and the Padma Vibhushan. He is also the recipient of the H. K. Firodia Award, the Lal Bahadur Shastri National Award and the Indira Gandhi Prize, apart from several international awards including the Ramon Magsaysay Award (1971) and the Albert Einstein World Science Award (1986).

Ashwin Dani, Asian Paints Co-founder, Passes Away

  • Ashwin Dani, co-founder and non-executive director of Asian Paints, passed away at the age of 79. Dani is credited with taking the company, established by his father and three others in 1942, to new geographies and incorporating technology into its operations.
  • Dani pioneered the idea of computerised colour matching in the Indian paint industry.
  • Dani has been associated with the company since 1968. Dani joined the company's board in 1970. He held the position of vice-chairman and managing director of the company from 1998 to 2009.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

World Heart Day

  • World Heart Day, annual observance and celebration held on September 29.
  • The day is celebrated by organizing various activities and awareness events globally to raise awareness about the heart disease and its preventive measures to manage the cardiovascular diseases.
  • World Health Day was first founded in 1999 with the World Heart Federation (WHF) collaborating with the World Health Organisation (WHO). The idea of an annual event was conceived by Antoni Bayés de Luna, the president of WHF from 1997-2011. Originally, World Heart Day was observed on the last Sunday of September, with the first celebration taking place on September 24, 2000.
  • The theme for World Heart Day 2023 is 'Use Heart, Know Heart'.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

Delhi Government Launches Mobile App to Address School-related Concerns

  • The Delhi government launched a mobile application designed to improve the academic journey for both students and teachers. This app aims to empower them by providing a platform to address school-related concerns.
  • The DoE Nirikshan app is specifically created to empower both students and teachers, enabling them to voice school-related concerns and ensure swift resolution.
  • The app can be accessed by using student and teacher IDs. It promises to revolutionise the way issues in Delhi government schools are addressed.
  • The DoE Nirikshan app serves as a dynamic platform for instant communication, enabling users to submit requests concerning various school-related matters to the administration directly.
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

CM Stalin Releases TN's First 'Tourism Policy

  • In what is believed to be the first time in Tamil Nadu, Chief Minister M. K. Stalin released a separate policy for the tourism department. As per the statement issued by Stalin, the 'Tourism Policy 2023' is a landmark initiative that aims to propel Tamil Nadu to new heights in the tourism space.
  • With this policy, the state can harness its inherent strengths and leverage the power of tourism as a vital catalyst in realising our ambitious goal of achieving a USD 1 Trillion economy by 2030.
  • The policy aims to attract investments to the tune of Rs. 20,000 crore in the next five years and proposes strategic interventions, attractive incentives, and requisite regulatory reforms to facilitate investment and incubate private participation in the tourism sector. Further, it strives to create a sustainable tourism ecosystem in Tamil Nadu and lays emphasis on providing safe and high-quality experiences for tourists.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

PIL in Allahabad High Court Seeks Appointment of Presiding Officers in 12 Labour Courts/ Industrial Tribunals in UP

  • A public interest litigation was filed in the Allahabad High Court seeking appointments to the post of Presiding Officers in twelve Labour Court/ Industrial Tribunals in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
  • In the PIL, it has been alleged that officials of the State and Union Government are not discharging their obligations under the U.P. Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 by keeping the said posts vacant for last 1 to 2 years.
  • Petitioner, claiming to be a social worker stated that there are six Industrial Tribunals and twenty Labour Courts in the State but since these Courts and Tribunals do not generate revenue for the State, they are neglected.
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