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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

08 Aug 2023

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Cambodian King Norodom Sihamoni Appoints Hun Manet- as the New Prime Minister

  • Cambodia's King Norodom Sihamoni appointed former Prime Minister Hun Sen's son - Hun Manet- as the new Prime Minister of the country. A royal decree was issued by the King stating that he appointed Hun Manet as the Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Cambodia for the 7th mandate of the parliament.
  • While the King appointed Hun Manet as the PM, the leader and his cabinet must win the confidence vote to assume office.
  • During the Cambodian Elections 2023, Hun Sen's party - the Cambodian People's Party, won with a landslide victory.
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ENVIRONMENT

The First Instance of Captive Breeding of Himalayan Vulture Recorded in India at the Assam State Zoo, Guwahati

  • Researchers recorded the first instance of captive breeding of the Himalayan vulture (Gyps himalayensis) in India at the Assam State Zoo, Guwahati. Categorised as 'Near Threatened' on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of threatened species, the Himalayan vulture is a common winter migrant to the Indian plains, and a resident of the high Himalayas.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Keki Mistry New Strategic Advisor for Cyrus Poonawalla Group's Financial Services Ventures

  • Cyrus Poonawalla Group appointed Keki Mistry, former HDFC CEO and Vice Chairman as the strategic advisor to all the financial services ventures spearheaded by Adar Poonawalla.
  • Mistry served as the CEO and Vice Chairman of HDFC Ltd since 2010. Post its merger with HDFC Bank, he joined the bank as an additional and Non- Executive Director (Non-Independent) on June 30, 2023. He is also the Non-Executive Chairman of HDFC Ergo General Insurance Company Limited.
  • The Cyrus Poonawalla Group, based in Pune, has businesses across pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, finance, clean energy, hospitality realty and aviation.
  • Cyrus Poonawalla founded the Serum Institute of India in 1966, now led by Adar Poonawalla as India's top biotech firm and the world's largest vaccine manufacturer.

Qualcomm India Appoints Savi Soin as President

  • Qualcomm appointed Savi Soin as the senior vice president, and president of its India business.
  • Soin will lead the company and execute its strategy in the country by developing relationships with industry partners and the government across the mobile, automotive, semiconductor, industrial, IoT, and communication infrastructure sectors.
  • He has been with Qualcomm for over 20 years and was previously the head of strategy and business development at Qualcomm Technologies' semiconductor division.
  • Soin succeeded Rajen Vagadia who was Qualcomm India's president for the last five years. Vagadia will take up a new role as a vice president to lead global distribution and global carrier strategy in Qualcomm's San Diego headquarters.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

ISRO Transfers Satellite Bus Technology to Bengaluru-based Private Firm

  • The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) transferred its cutting-edge IMS-1 Satellite Bus Technology to Alpha Design Technologies Pvt. Ltd. This transfer was facilitated by NewSpace India Limited (NSIL), ISRO's commercial arm, in a bid to further enable the private space sector into pushing development.
  • The IMS-1 satellite bus, a product of the U R Rao Satellite Centre, is a versatile and efficient small satellite platform designed to provide low-cost access to space.
  • The bus serves as a dedicated vehicle for various payloads, enabling Earth imaging, ocean and atmospheric studies, microwave remote sensing, and space science missions while ensuring a quick turnaround time for satellite launches.
  • Weighing about 100 kg, the IMS-1 bus accommodates a 30 kg payload. Its solar arrays generate 330 W power with a raw bus voltage of 30-42 V.
  • The development of this technology marks the beginning of ISRO-developed satellite-bus technologies being transferred to private industries. By doing so, ISRO aims to bolster India's industrial growth in the space sector and foster technological self-reliance. This opens up new avenues for private players to contribute to space research and exploration, aligning with India's plans to expand its presence in the global space market.

Russia to Launch First Moon Lander Since 1976 in Race with Indian Spacecraft

  • Russia will launch its first lunar landing spacecraft in 47 years in a race with India to the south pole of the moon, a potential source of water to support a future human presence there.
  • The launch from the Vostochny cosmodrome, 3,450 miles (5,550 km) east of Moscow, will take place four weeks after India sent up its Chandrayaan-3 lunar lander, due to touch down at the pole on Aug. 23.
  • Rough terrain makes a landing there difficult, but the south pole is a prized destination because scientists believe it may hold significant quantities of ice that could be used to extract fuel and oxygen, as well as for drinking water.
  • Roscosmos said that the two missions would not get in each other's way because they have different landing areas planned.
  • Chandrayaan-3 is due to run experiments for two weeks, while Luna-25 will work on the moon for a year.
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SPORTS

World University Games: Jyothi Yarraji Breaks Record on Way to Bronze

  • Star athlete Jyothi Yarraji smashed her own 100 metres hurdles national record while winning a bronze medal at the World University Games.
  • Yarraji clocked 12.78 seconds and finished third in the women's 100m hurdles final, bettering her earlier national mark of 12.82 recorded in October 2022.
  • Viktoria Forster of Slovakia won gold by clocking 12.72, while Yanni Wu of China took silver with a time of 12.76.
  • India's Amlan Borgohain also won bronze in the men's 200m race with a season's best time of 20.55. He narrowly missed his own national record of 20.52. Tsebo Matsoso of South Africa won gold, while Japan's Yudai Nishi was second.

Indian Women Compound Archers Defeat Mexico to Win Country's First-ever Gold

  • The Indian women's compound team of Jyothi Surekha Vennam, Aditi Swami and Parneet Kaur clinched a gold medal in the World Archery Championships after beating Mexico in the final.
  • The Indian trio won 235-229 for India's first-ever gold in any category of the World Championships since its inception.
  • This was also India's fourth consecutive medal in the women's compound section at the Worlds, following their silver finishes in 2017 and 2021 and bronze in 2019. Jyothi has been a part of all four medal-winning teams.
  • India had beaten Colombia 220-216 in the semi-finals after a 228-226 win over Chinese Taipei in the quarter-finals.

Prarthana Bags Doubles Title at women's Tennis Hard-court Event 2023

  • Prarthana Thombare clinched the doubles title at the women's tennis hard-court event in Barcelona, Spain. The Asian Games bronze medallist, combined with Russian Anastasia Tikhonova, edged out France's Estelle Cascino and Latvia's Diana Marcinkevica 3-6, 6-1, 10-7 in the final. It is the second title of the year and 26th overall for Prarthana, who bagged bronze with Sania Mirza in 2014 at Incheon.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Rajasthan Cabinet Approves 19 New Districts, 3 Divisions

  • The Rajasthan Cabinet approved the proposal of a high-level committee to form 19 new districts and three new divisions in the state.
  • Rajasthan will now have a total of 50 districts, up from 33.
  • Jaipur district was divided into Jaipur and Jaipur Rural, and Jodhpur district into Jodhpur and Jodhpur Rural. The other new districts are Apoongarh, Balotra, Beawar, Deeg, Didwana-Kuchaman, Dudu, Gangapur City, Kekri, Kotputli-Behror, Khairthal-Tijara, Neem ka Thana, Phalodi, Slumber, Sanchore and Shahpura.
  • The number of divisions in the state is now 10. The new divisions are Banswara, Pali and Sikar.
  • Chief Minister Ashok Gehlot had announced in the assembly the formation of 19 new districts and three divisions in March.

India Hands over INR 450 Million to Sri Lanka to Fund its Digital Identity Project

  • India handed over INR 450 million in advance to Sri Lanka to fund its unique digital identity project, the most crucial step in the island nation's digitalisation programme being implemented through the Indian grant assistance.
  • The project aims to collect biographic and biometric information, including facial, iris, and fingerprint data, which will be stored in a centralised system to issue identification cards as per the standards set by the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO).
  • The implementation of the project would lead to more effective and efficient delivery of government services, poverty reduction and welfare programs; financial inclusion through better access to banking and other products/services.
  • The project commenced with the signing of an MoU between Sri Lanka and India in March 2022 and an Indo-Sri Lanka Joint Project Monitoring Committee (JPMC) for the Sri Lanka Unique Digital Identity Project (SL-UDI) was introduced.

Supreme Court Appoints former Delhi High Court Judge Justice Jayant Nath as Temporary DERC Chairperson

  • The Supreme Court appointed Justice Jayant Nath, a former Delhi High Court judge, as the temporary head of the Delhi Electricity Regulatory Commission (DERC).
  • The order was passed by a bench headed by Chief Justice D. Y. Chandrachud, which was told by senior advocate Abhishek Singhvi, appearing for the Delhi Government, that the apex court could pick anyone for the post.
  • On July 20, the Supreme Court stated it will appoint a DERC chairperson on an interim hoc basis awaiting a verdict on the Delhi government's petition challenging the lieutenant governor's jurisdiction to make such an appointment.
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DEFENCE

Dhaksha Unmanned Systems Wins Order from Army for Supply of 200 Drones, Accessories

  • Agri solutions provider Coromandel International's subsidiary and drone manufacturer Dhaksha Unmanned Systems secured a supply order for 200 medium-altitude logistics drones and accessories from the Indian Army. This order came on the back of a recent contract for the supply of 400 agri-spraying drones from IFFCO.
  • These two orders are planned to be delivered over the next 12 months.
  • The company is the only player in the country to receive type certificates from DGCA for three drone models in medium and small categories for agriculture and surveillance applications.
  • The defence contract validates Dhaksha's technology capability and its potential to capture opportunities in Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) space. This enables entry of Coromandel and Murugappa Group into Indian Defence sector supplies.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Pepperfry Co-founder Ambareesh Murty Dies

  • Ambareesh Murty, the co-founder of Pepperfry, online marketplace for furniture and home decor, passed away, the company's second co-founder Ashish Shah announced.
  • He died due to cardiac arrest in Leh. The 51-year-old was a bike enthusiast and was on a motorcycle trip from Mumbai to Leh. He founded Pepperfry in 2011 and was its Chief Executive Officer (CEO).
  • He was an alumnus of IIT Calcutta, 1996 batch and completed his Bachelors in Engineering from the Delhi College of Engineering in 1994. He called himself a closet sociopath on his X profile, and professed a love for history reading epic fantasies.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Mrunal Thakur to Receive Diversity Cinema Award at Indian Film Festival of Melbourne

  • Actress Mrunal Thakur is set to receive the Diversity in Cinema Award at the upcoming Indian Film Festival of Melbourne (IFFM), the organisers announced. The Sita Ramam star will be honoured with the award in recognition of her outstanding performances across diverse roles and languages in the world of Indian cinema.
  • The actress, who made her film with Love Sonia, and then featured in movies such Super 30, Toofan, Jersey, will receive the award during the annual gala night on August 11 in the Australian city.
  • The 14th edition of the Indian Film Festival of Melbourne will run from August 11 to 20.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Lok Sabha Passes Bill that Seeks to Push Theaterisation

  • The Lok Sabha passed a bill that seeks to empower the government to notify the setting up of inter-services organisations, including joint services commands, and bestow powers on heads of such organisations to act against personnel from any of the three services to ensure discipline and effective discharge of duties.
  • The Inter-Services Organisations (Command, Control and Discipline) Bill, 2023, was passed by the Lower House amid a renewed push for theaterisation, a long-awaited military reform for the best use of the military's resources to fight future wars.
  • The bill seeks to bestow powers on the commander-in-chief, officer-in-command or any other officer heading a tri-services organisation to take disciplinary and administrative action against personnel under them who are currently governed by the respective laws of the three services - the Army Act, 1950, the Air Force Act, 1950, and the Navy Act, 1957.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

Tamil Nadu Wins Best State Award for Organ and tissue Transplantation

  • Tamil Nadu received the award for the best State Organ and Tissue Transplant Organisation (SOTTO) from the National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organisation (NOTTO), on the occasion of the 13th Indian Organ Donation Day.
  • Health Minister Ma. Subramanian received the award from Union Health Minister Mansukh L. Mandaviya in New Delhi. Ministers of State (Health) Bharati Pravin Pawar and S.P. Singh Baghel, Tamil Nadu Health Secretary Gagandeep Singh Bedi and Member-Secretary of Transplant Authority of Tamil Nadu N. Gopalakrishnan were present on the occasion.
  • Since the inception of the deceased donor organ transplantation programme in Tamil Nadu in 2008, there have been 1,706 donors. A total of 786 hearts, 801 lungs, 1,566 livers, 3,047 kidneys, 37 pancreas, six small bowels, two stomachs and four hands have been transplanted. A total of 3,950 minor organs and tissues have been transplanted, according to official data.
  • Tamil Nadu has the highest number of government and private hospitals possessing organ retrieval licenses in the country.

IIT Kharagpur and TCS iON Join Hands to Launch Online Certificate Course on AI

  • IIT Kharagpur announced an exciting development in technical education. Through its national AI Hub – AI for Interdisciplinary Cyber Physical Systems (AI4ICPS), the institute launched a new certification course called 'Hands-on AI for the real-world applications (HAAI)' aiming to educate a whopping one lakh individuals about Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies.
  • The course was launched in collaboration with TCS iON, a strategic unit of Tata Consultancy Services (TCS).
  • Established under the aegis of DST, Government of India, AI4ICPS, has initiated this course as part of Nationally Educational Policy 2020 (NEP 2020). IIT Kharagpur's Director, Professor V. K. Tewari, spearheaded the development of the AI course which has been meticulously designed to meet the ever-growing demands of the AI industry as well as implement the recommendations of NEP 2020.
  • TCS iON was roped in as a platform and outreach partner for this certification programme. Through TCS iON, LMS platform services will be available, and massive outreach to educational institutions and other targeted audience in India will be possible.
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

Ministry of Tourism Identifies 'Prayagraj' and 'Naimisharanya' in UP as Destinations for Development under 'Swadesh Darshan 2.0

  • The Ministry of Tourism identified 'Prayagraj' and 'Naimisharanya' in Uttar Pradesh as destinations for development under 'Swadesh Darshan 2.0 (SD2.0) with the objective to develop sustainable and responsible tourism destinations.
  • In a written reply in Lok Sabha Minister of Tourism G. Kishan Reddy said that the State Perspective Plan (SPP) prepared by the State Government of Uttar Pradesh did not include Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary for development. He further added that the government launched 'Swadesh Darshan Scheme' (SDS) in the year 2014-15 for integrated development of Theme-Based Tourist Circuits in the country and there are 08 projects of identified thematic circuits in Uttar Pradesh.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Justice R. B. Deo of Bombay High Court Resigns

  • Citing personal reasons, Justice Rohit B. Deo of the Bombay High Court resigned from office, announcing it in his courtroom in Nagpur where the High Court has a bench.
  • He was to retire on December 4, 2025.
  • He led a two-judge bench which, on October 14, 2022, acquitted sacked Delhi University professor G N Saibaba who had been sentenced to life imprisonment in 2017 over alleged Maoist links. The bench cited absence of valid sanction under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act and declared the trial proceedings in a Gadchiroli court "null and void". It also acquitted five others sentenced by the lower court.
  • Deo was appointed additional Judge of the Bombay High Court on June 5, 2017, he was made a Permanent Judge on April 12, 2019.
  • He had been an Assistant Solicitor General, representing the Central government before the Nagpur bench, and was also Advocate General of Maharashtra.
  • Justice Deo is the third judge of the Bombay High Court to resign in the last three years.

Justice Subhasis Talapatra New Chief Justice of Orissa High Court

  • Justice Subhasis Talapatra, Judge of the Orissa High Court took oath as the 33rd Chief Justice of the High Court consequent upon the superannuation of its former Chief Justice S. Muralidhar. He was administered oath by Prof. Ganeshi Lal, Governor of Odisha.
  • The name of Justice Talapatra, as the Chief Justice, was recommended by the Supreme Court Collegium last month which was later approved by the Central Government.
  • Justice Talapatra was born on October 4, 1961 at Udaipur, Tripura. He did his graduation in Arts and Law from University of Calcutta and was enrolled with the Bar Council of Assam, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Manipur, Tripura, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh on September 12, 1990.
  • He practiced mainly at Agartala Bench of the Gauhati High Court and appeared in various constitutional, civil and criminal matters. Later, he was designated as a Senior Advocate on December 21, 2004.
  • He was appointed as a Permanent Judge of the Tripura High Court on September 13, 2013. He served as the Acting Chief Justice of the Court twice, i.e. from 02.11.2018 to 13.11.2018 and again from 11.11.2019 to 15.11.2019.
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