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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

05 Aug 2023

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Parliament of World's Religions Invites Jain Acharya Lokesh Muni as Speaker at Opening Ceremony in Chicago

  • The Parliament of World's Religions invited prominent Jain leader Acharya Lokesh Muni as a speaker at its opening ceremony on August 14.
  • The five-day event in Chicago beginning August 14 is being attended by about 10,000 delegates from 80 countries. It is said to be the largest gathering of religious leaders from across the world.
  • Several other Indian religious leaders have been invited to the five-day event in Chicago. Prominent among them is Nivedita Raghunath Bhide, all India vice-president of Vivekananda Kendra, Kanyakumari. Author of 15 books, Bhide was awarded Padmashri in 2017 for social service.

PM Modi Accepts Invite to Join BRICS Summit in Johannesburg (5)

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi accepted South African President Cyril Ramaphosa's invitation for BRICS Summit, scheduled to take place on August 22-24 in Johannesburg.
  • During the telephonic conversation, the South African President extended a cordial invitation to PM Modi for the BRICS Summit and briefed him on the preparations for the same.
  • South Africa is poised to host the prestigious 15th BRICS Summit in Johannesburg from 22nd to 24th August 2023 with great anticipation. Initially formed as BRIC, a visionary concept coined by Goldman Sachs economist Jim O'Neil in 2001.
  • The alliance was comprised of Brazil, Russia, India, and China - a collective representation of burgeoning emerging markets brimming with current and future economic prowess. In a momentous development in 2010, South Africa joined the ranks, bestowing the acronym BRICS upon this formidable bloc of nations.

Pakistan PM Shehbaz Sharif to Dissolve Parliament

  • Pakistan Prime Minister Shahbaz Sharif announced the dissolution of the National Assembly on August 9. The decision came after he met with parliamentary leaders where the country's political situation was thoroughly discussed.
  • On August 9, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif will send formal advice to the President for the dissolution of the National Assembly. According to constitutional provisions, the President must sign the advice within 48 hours to effectuate the dissolution. If, for any reason, the President does not sign the advice, the Assembly will be automatically dissolved.
  • Furthermore, Prime Minister Shehbaz assured that after three days of consultation with the opposition, he will submit the name of the caretaker Prime Minister to the President.
  • However, if no agreement is reached, the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) will step in and nominate a candidate for the caretaker Prime Minister position from the proposed names.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Reliance Jumps 16 Places, Now at Number 88 on Fortune Global 500 List

  • Billionaire Mukesh Ambani's Reliance Industries maintained its highest ranking among Indian corporates in the latest Fortune Global 500 list, jumping 16 places to rank at number 88. Reliance was ranked at number 104 in the 2022 ranking.
  • The company gained 67 places in the last two years from number 155 in 2021.
  • As many as eight Indian companies feature in this year's Fortune Global 500 ranking. State-owned Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) jumped 48 places to rank at number 94.
  • Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) slipped nine places to rank at 107. Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (number 158), Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd (number 233), and State Bank of India (number 235) were the other state-owned firms on the list.
  • Tata Motors rose 33 places to rank at number 337 and Rajesh Exports jumped 84 spots to number 353.
  • The ranking of number 88 is the best-ever achieved by Reliance Industries on the Fortune Global 500 ranking list.

Govt Restricts Import of Laptop, Tablets and Computers with Immediate Effect

  • The government took decisive action by imposing immediate restrictions on the import of laptops, tablets, and personal computers, with the primary objective of promoting local manufacturing.
  • According to the notice shared by the government, these products can now only be imported if a valid license for restricted imports is obtained.
  • This move aligns with India's ambitious vision to establish itself as a global manufacturing hub, focusing particularly on the electronics sector. In fact, the government is trying to boost local manufacturing across sectors, ranging from automobiles to technology.
  • As a consequence of this policy change, the costs associated with importing laptops, personal computers, and tablets are expected to experience a significant decline.
  • However, this move may pose challenges for companies like Dell, Acer, Samsung, Panasonic, Apple, Lenovo, and HP.
  • These firms are major players in the Indian market and heavily rely on imports, particularly from countries like China, to meet consumer demands.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

First New US Nuclear Plant in Decades Starts Operations

  • Plant Vogtle Unit 3 in Georgia, United States began delivering power to the power grid. This makes it the first nuclear reactor that was built from scratch in the country in more than thirty years.
  • At full capacity, the unit can put out 11,000 megawatts of electricity, which can power as many as 5,00,000 homes. Power developed by the plant is being used in the states of Georgia, Florida, and Alabama in the United States.
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SPORTS

Canada's Alberta Cancels Bid for 2030 Commonwealth Games

  • The province of Alberta withdrew its support for a possible bid to host the 2030 Commonwealth Games, ending the chance of bringing the multi-sport event back to Canada.
  • Minister of Tourism and Sport Joseph Schow said that hosting the Games, which typically attract more than 4,000 athletes from the 54 nations of the Commonwealth, was not in line with the interests of Alberta taxpayers.
  • "The corporate sponsorship model and limited broadcast revenues for the Commonwealth Games would have put 93 percent of those costs and risks on taxpayers.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Indian FM Jaishankar to Visit Nepal for 7th Joint Commission Meeting

  • Indian External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar will visit Nepal to hold a ministerial-level Joint Commission meeting to review the entire gamut of bilateral relations and implement constructive measures for the future.
  • This will be the seventh meeting of the India-Nepal Joint Commission, it is predominantly a bilateral mechanism at the level of the Foreign Ministers with a mandate of reviewing the entire spectrum of Nepal-India bilateral relations.
  • Both countries are expected to discuss various facades of cooperation in areas ranging from connectivity, economy and trade, energy cooperation, and water resources.
  • The sixth meeting of the Joint Commission, co-chaired by Jaishankar and then Nepalese Foreign Minister Pradeep Kumar Gyawali, was held in January 2021, in New Delhi.
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DEFENCE

Indian Air Force Gets Israeli Spike Missiles

  • In a boost to its capabilities to destroy enemy targets hidden behind mountains, the Indian Air Force (IAF) received the Israeli Spike Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) anti-tank guided missiles which can hit targets from distances up to 30 km.
  • The NLOS missiles are now going to be integrated with the Russian-origin fleet of Mi-17V5 helicopters, which would be able take out targets from long ranges and can prove to be very effective against enemy targets and assets hidden behind mountains or hills.
  • The IAF had started showing interest in these missiles almost two years ago when the Chinese Army deployed a large number of tanks and infantry combat vehicles close to the Line of Actual Control (LAC) opposite the Eastern Ladakh sector.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Lok Sabha Passes National Capital Territory of Delhi (Amendment) Bill, 2023

  • The Delhi services bill, officially known as The Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi (Amendment) Bill, 2023, was passed in the Lok Sabha, resulting in opposition MPs staging a walkout as a protest.
  • If passed in the Rajya Sabha too, the Delhi services bill will replace an existing ordinance that overrides a Supreme Court order giving the Delhi Government control over most services. The ordinance has been a major flashpoint between Arvind Kejriwal's AAP and the Centre.
  • The Delhi services bill was passed after a nearly four-hour-long debate which was replied to by Union Home Minister Amit Shah.
  • Shah made it clear that the central government has the power to make laws on Union territories and Delhi, being a Union Territory, the Centre enjoys full rights to make rules also.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

DSEU Launches Two Short-term Certificate Courses for ESDM Sector

  • Delhi Skills and Entrepreneurship University (DSEU) launched two short-term certificate courses for the electronics system design and manufacturing (ESDM) sector in collaboration with Elios Healthcare. The certificate courses will be available from this academic session.
  • The courses are industry-aligned and grant National Skills Qualifications Framework (NSQF) levels 5 and 6. It includes 75 hours of theory classes at DSEU campus and a paid on-the-job training of 225 hours to enhance their employability. The courses will be conducted at DSEU Okhla 2 campus under the Centre of Excellence Agriculture (CoE Agri).
  • The certificate course in ESDM offers training in the areas such as ESDM, semiconductor, IC design, PCB design and fabrication, embedded systems and more.

IIT Roorkee Launches Professional Certification Programme in Product Management

  • The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee collaborated with Imarticus Learning to introduce a professional certification programme in product management. The programme, as per IIT-R, is designed to equip existing product owners with skills and knowledge to become product leaders as well as aspiring professionals who wish to enter the field of product management.
  • The classes will be conducted online including live classes and campus immersion at IIT Roorkee. The classes will be taken by the faculty of IIT Roorkee and industry experts.
  • The programme focuses on developing skills including roadmap creation, execution, growth strategies, analytics and more. The students will get the opportunity to build their own products to gain practical experience and valuable insights for product improvement. The programme emphasises on collation of ideas, innovation and curates product-focused strategies to increase the return on investment on outcomes.
  • The participants will receive a certification from CEC, IIT Roorkee upon completion of the programme.
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ART AND CULTURE

President of India Inaugurates 'Unmesha' and 'Utkarsh' Festivals in Bhopal

  • The President of India, Droupadi Murmu inaugurated 'Unmesha' – International Literature Festival and 'Utkarsh' – Festival of Folk and Tribal Performing Arts at Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, organised by by the Ministry of Culture in association with Sahitya Akademi and Sangeet Natak Akademi.
  • The festival, based on folk art, music and literature, was held in Bhopal for the first time.
  • Around 800 artists from 36 states and union territories of the country participated in the festival and spread a colourful shade of folk and tribal performing arts.
  • Writers from Spain, Fiji, Japan, Poland, and Nepal express view on Global Literature for Globalised World.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Kerala High Court Urges State to Amend Victim Compensation Scheme and Allow POCSO Victims to Claim Compensation for Sexual Harassment

  • The Kerala High Court called for a comprehensive compensation scheme for victims of sexual offences registered under the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act or an amendment to the existing Kerala Victim Compensation Scheme.
  • The issue arose when the Special Court in Alappuzha directed the District Legal Services Authority to award compensation of Rs. 50,000 each to two victims of sexual harassment under the POCSO Act. However, the Kerala State Legal Services Authority and the Alappuzha District Legal Services Authority challenged this decision, arguing that 'sexual harassment' was not listed as an injury under the schedule of the Kerala Victim Compensation Scheme, rendering the victims ineligible for compensation.
  • Justice Kauser Edappagath upheld the compensation given to the sexual harassment victims and asserted that a beneficial legislation or scheme should not differentiate between victims. The court highlighted that existing compensation schemes were insufficient to compensate victims of sexual abuse under the POCSO Act. It directed the State Government to either formulate a comprehensive victim compensation scheme specifically for POCSO Act victims or amend the existing Kerala Victim Compensation Scheme to include a separate schedule for sexual offence victims under the POCSO Act.
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