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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

21 Dec 2022

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

SRK Only Indian to Feature on British Magazine's List of 50 Greatest Actors

  • Bollywood superstar Shah Rukh Khan was the only Indian named in an international list of 50 greatest actors of all time by a prominent British magazine.
  • He was included in Empire magazine's list which also recognises Hollywood giants like Denzel Washington, Tom Hanks, Anthony Marlon Brando, Meryl Streep, Jack Nicholson and many others.
  • In the accompanying short profile, the magazine said Khan has a career that has now spanned four decades of "near unbroken hits, and a fanbase of pretty much billions".

World Comes Together to Land Historic Pact

  • In Montreal at the fifth Conference of the Parties (COP15) to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity, the world came together to land a historic deal to protect nature and biodiversity -- a major win for the planet, was the first reaction of Canadian Minister of Environment and Climate Change, Steven Guilbeault.
  • "The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework is a major win for our planet and for all of humanity, charting a new course away from the relentless destruction of habitats and species," said Guilbeault, as the historic deal was adopted by 196 countries under the UN Convention on Biological Diversity.
  • Just as Paris produced an agreement to keep global temperatures below 1.5 degrees Celsius, in Montreal an agreement that commits to the protection of 30 per cent of global land and water by 2030 was reached.

Bank of England Unveils Design of Banknotes Featuring King Charles

  • The Bank of England unveiled the design of banknotes featuring King Charles III.
  • As per the central bank, the portrait of the King will appear on existing designs of all four polymer banknotes (5, 10, 20 and 50 pounds), with no other changes to the existing designs.
  • The King's image will appear on the front of the banknotes, as well as in cameo in the see-through security window.
  • The new notes are expected to enter circulation by mid-2024.
  • All polymer banknotes carrying a portrait of the late Queen Elizabeth II remain legal tender, and the public can continue to use these as normal.
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ENVIRONMENT

Gujarat's Barda Wildlife Sanctuary New Translocation Site for Asiatic Lions

  • Gujarat's Barda Wildlife Sanctuary, located near the coastal city of Porbandar and 100 kilometres from the Gir National Park, was identified as a potential second home for Asiatic lions.
  • Efforts were being made since the 1990s to find a relocation site for the Asiatic lions within Gujarat and outside the state, considering that the species is vulnerable to extinction threats from epidemics because of low genetic diversity.
  • In 2013, the Supreme Court ordered the government to translocate Asiatic lions from Gujarat to the Kuno National Park in Madhya Pradesh within six months. It had also rejected a proposal to introduce the African cheetah in Kuno.
  • After the apex court allowed the introduction of African cheetah in India on an experimental basis in January 2020, eight cheetahs from Namibia were reintroduced in Kuno, but the translocation of lions is still pending.

Scientists Freeze Great Barrier Reef Coral in World-first Trial

  • Scientists working on Australia's Great Barrier Reef have successfully trialled a new method for freezing and storing coral larvae they say could eventually help rewild reefs threatened by climate change.
  • Scientists are scrambling to protect coral reefs as rising ocean temperatures destabilise delicate ecosystems. The Great Barrier Reef has suffered four bleaching events in the last seven years including the first ever bleach during a La Nina phenomenon, which typically brings cooler temperatures.
  • Cryogenically frozen coral can be stored and later reintroduced to the wild but the current process requires sophisticated equipment including lasers. As per scientists a new lightweight "cryomesh" can be manufactured cheaply and better preserves coral.
View Month Wise

BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Bandhan Bank Signs MoU with Defence Ministry for Defence Pensioners

  • Bandhan Bank signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Controller General of Defence Accounts, Ministry of Defence, for extending banking services to the defence pensioners and their families through 557 branches.
  • The bank is aligned with the vision of the government in being a one-stop solution to all pension related activities of defence pensioners under the Outreach Programme for Defence Pensioners on System for Pension Administration Raksha (SPARSH).
  • The Defence Secretary virtually inaugurated a SPARSH Service Centre in Delhi Cantonment, offering various services such as service requests and grievance redressal, annual life certification, Pensioner Data verification (PDV), manage profile changes including Aadhaar number, PAN number, postal address and bank details.

Gadkari Launches Country's First-ever Surety Bond Insurance Product

  • The country's first ever 'Surety Bond Insurance' product developed by Bajaj Allianz General Insurance, a private general insurer, was launched by Nitin Gadkari, Union Minister of Road Transport & Highways.
  • Surety Bond Insurance, which will help replace bank guarantees, is expected to optimise capital for contractors while giving a fillip to the country's infrastructure sector.
  • This product launch is in line with the Government's vision to up-scale the infrastructure development in the country.
  • In Budget 2022-23, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman had announced that Surety Bond Insurance would be allowed as a substitute for bank guarantees in case of government procurement and also for gold imports.
  • Surety Bond Insurance, which is mainly aimed at infrastructure development, is a risk transfer tool that shields the principal from the losses that may arise in case the contractor fails to perform their contractual obligation.

UTs Top Performers in Social Progress Index

  • Four Union Territories (UTs) feature among the top-10 performers in the inaugural edition of the Social Progress Index (SPI) with Puducherry bagging the top rank. It was followed by the UTs of Lakshadweep (second), Chandigarh (eighth) and Jammu & Kashmir (tenth).
  • Among the states, Goa (third), Sikkim (fourth) and Mizoram (fifth) found place in the top-10 pecking order.
  • Assam, Bihar and Jharkhand feature at the bottom of the rankings.
  • The index was prepared for the states, UTs and districts of the country by the Institute for Competitiveness and Social Progress Imperative. It was mandated by the Prime Minister's Economic Advisory Council (EAC-PM).
  • The index uses 12 components across three critical dimensions of social progress to make the assessment. They are Basic Human Needs (like nutrition and basic medical care, water and sanitation, personal safety and shelter), Foundations of Wellbeing (access to basic knowledge, access to information and communication, health and wellness, and environmental quality), and Opportunity (personal rights, personal freedom and choice, inclusiveness, and access to advanced education).
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SPORTS

Rehan Ahmed Becomes Youngest to Claim Five-wicket Haul on Test Debut

  • England's leg-spinner Rehan Ahmed became the youngest men's Test cricketer to take a five-wicket haul on debut during the third match against Pakistan at the National Bank Cricket Arena. After making his Test debut at 18 years and 126 days, Rehan claimed three wickets in six overs on his way to 5-48 in the second innings, playing a key role in bowling out Pakistan for 216 in 74.5 overs on day three of the match. Rehan's brilliant display helped him set England a 167-run target to clinch the series 3-0.
  • Rehan broke the record of now-Australian captain, right-arm fast-bowler Pat Cummins, who was 18 years and 193 days when he took 6-79 on his Test debut against South Africa in 2011.

France's Karim Benzema Announced Retirement from International Football

  • France footballer Karim Benzema announced his retirement from International football. Benzema ended his time with France with 37 goals in 97 appearances, but his time with the squad has not been easy since his debut 15 years ago. When Benzema made his debut for France against Austria in March 2007, he scored while playing as a substitute.
  • He was chosen for France's Euro 2008 team, however after the team was eliminated early, he faced criticism for his efforts. Benzema was left out of France's squad for the 2010 World Cup despite participating in the qualification campaign on a regular basis. He was included in the France team again for Euro 2020, and he ended up being the third-highest scorer with four goals.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Govt. Accords in-principle Approval for Setting up of 21 Greenfield Airports

  • The Government accorded in-principle approval for setting up of 21 Greenfield Airports across the country. So far nine Greenfield airports have already been operationalised and the tenth Greenfield airport at Mopa, Goa was inaugurated in December 2022.
  • This information was given by Minister of State for Civil Aviation General V. K. Singh (Retd) in a reply to a question in Rajya Sabha.
  • The Minister said that during the pre-covid period, in the year 2018-19 the number of passengers footfall at airports across the country had increased by 11.6 per as compared to 2017-18.
  • Passenger footfall had decreased during pandemic era. However, post-covid, in the year 2021-22, the trend shows an increase of 63.7 percent over the year 2020-21.

Gaya and Nalanda Selected for Development under Swadesh Darshan 2.0

  • Gaya and Nalanda in Bihar were selected for development under Swadesh Darshan 2.0.
  • Union Tourism Minister G. Kishan Reddy also said the Punaura Dham site in the Sitamarhi district of Bihar has been identified for development under the Pilgrimage Rejuvenation and Spiritual Heritage Augmentation Drive (PRASHAD) Scheme of the ministry.
  • The ministry under its Swadesh Darshan, PRASHAD and Assistance to Central Agency for Tourism Infrastructure Projects schemes provides support to state governments, Union Territory administrations and central agencies for the development of tourism infrastructure in the country.
  • The projects for development under the schemes are identified in consultation with the states, Union territories, and central agencies and are sanctioned subject to the availability of funds, submission of suitable detailed project reports, adherence to scheme guidelines and utilisation of funds released earlier.
  • The ministry has now revamped its Swadesh Darshan scheme as Swadesh Darshan 2.0 with the objective to develop sustainable and responsible tourism destinations, following a tourist and destination-centric approach.

Shankar Chaudhary Elected Unopposed as Speaker of Gujarat Assembly

  • Bharatiya Janata Party MLA Shankar Chaudhary was elected unopposed as the Speaker of the newly-formed Gujarat Legislative Assembly.
  • Besides, senior BJP MLA Jetha Bharwad was elected unopposed as the Deputy Speaker during the first session of the 15th state Assembly in Gandhinagar.
  • The opposition Congress as well as the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) supported the nominations of ruling party legislators Chaudhary and Bharwad.
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DEFENCE

Indian Navy Gets 5th Scorpene-class Submarine Vagir

  • The Indian Navy received the fifth scorpene-class submarine Vagir ahead of its planned commissioning next month. The induction of the submarine, built under Project-75, is set to bolster the Indian Navy's combat capability.
  • India has been focusing on shoring up its maritime capability with a focus on the Indian Ocean in the backdrop of concerns over China's growing forays into the region, considered the backyard of the Indian Navy.
  • Project-75 includes the indigenous construction of six submarines of Scorpene design.
  • The submarines are being constructed at Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL) in Mumbai in collaboration with the Naval Group of France.
View Month Wise

PERSONS IN NEWS

Hawaii's Last Princess, Abigail Kawānanakoa Passes Away

  • Abigail Kinoiki Kekaulike Kawānanakoa, Hawaii's so-called "last princess", passed away aged 96.
  • The royal, known to her friends as Kekau, was one of the last living links to the royal family and was celebrated for her philanthropic support of traditional Hawaiian culture.
  • Abigail Kawānanakoa was born in Honolulu in 1926 and later attended school in Shanghai and California.
  • Her great wealth, which is estimated to be $215m (£175m) and was held in trust, came from her great-grandfather, James Campbell, an Irish businessman who owned a sugar plantation.

Puma Names Anushka Sharma Brand Ambassador

  • Puma India appointed Bollywood actoress Anushka Sharma as its new brand ambassador in a move that forms part of its ongoing commitment to support women's business in India.
  • As per the company, bold, fierce and outspoken Anushka is the perfect fit to be the face of Puma.
  • She will endorse the brand's footwear, apparel and accessories, including select collections, through myriad activities and brand campaigns throughout the year.
  • Puma India has a total of 30-35 brand ambassadors in India which include Sharma's husband and cricketer Virat Kohli. Other brand ambassadors associated with Puma India include Kareena Kapoor Khan, Yuvraj Singh, Mary Kom, Sunil Chhetri and Harrdy Sandhu.
View Month Wise

AWARDS AND HONOURS

Smart Cities Mission Bags Digital India Award for DataSmart Cities

  • The Smart Cities Mission was picked as the platinum icon in the Digital India Awards 2022 under the Data Sharing and Use for Socio Economic Development category for its 'DataSmart Cities: Empowering Cities through Data' initiative.
  • Union Housing and Urban Affairs Ministry said that the DataSmart Cities initiative is a key step in creating a robust data ecosystem that enables evidence-based decision-making in cities.
  • The awards instituted in 2009 are one-of-a-kind in India for honouring the efforts of different government entities in the digital realm.
  • 'DataSmart Cities' initiative aims to harnesses the power of data for better governance in India's 100 Smart Cities.

Sethrichem Sangtam Wins the First Rohini Nayyar Prize

  • Sethrichem Sangtam, who runs an NGO that works with farmers in eastern Nagaland, won the first Rohini Nayyar Prize for outstanding contribution to rural development.
  • Sangtam was presented with cash prize of Rs. 10 lakh, a citation, and trophy.
  • The prize was instituted in memory of Rohini Nayyar, renowned economist who worked with the Planning Commission. She died in 2021.
  • The Nayyar Foundation for Social and Economic Purpose, a foundation set up by her family, gives away the annual prize to those under 40 for their contribution to rural development.
  • Sangtam, who runs the NGO 'Better Life Foundation', works with nearly 1,200 farmers in Nagaland's Tuensang and Kiphire to promote sustainable farming practices and help farmers' transition from slash-and-burn to settled cultivation.
View Month Wise

GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

J&K Approves Rehabilitation Policy for Children in Street Situation

  • The Jammu and Kashmir Administrative Council which met under the chairmanship of Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha, accorded its approval to the Rehabilitation Policy for Children in Street Situation (CiSS) to safeguard them from different hazards.
  • As per the canons of the Juvenile Justice Act, Children in Street Situation fall in the category of children in need of care and protection. The Act empowers the government to frame a policy for the rehabilitation of such children in distress.
  • Earlier the Social Welfare Department through MD, ICPS (now Mission Vatsalya) carried out an exercise for identification of such CiSS and so far 687 such children have been identified.
View Month Wise

GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

Srivardhini Jha Appointed as NSRCEL Chief at IIM Bangalore

  • The Indian Institute of Management (IIM), Bangalore appointed Srivardhini Jha as the chairperson of NSRCEL, the start-up incubator at IIM Bangalore.
  • Prof. Jha is Associate Professor of Entrepreneurship at IIM Bangalore. She has been working as a researcher and teacher interested in innovation and entrepreneurship. Her research interests include innovation strategy of Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) in emerging markets, innovation in the Indian start-up ecosystem and social entrepreneurship.
  • Before joining IIM Bangalore, she worked as a researcher with the McGill Centre for the Convergence of Health and Economics. She has a PhD in Corporate Strategy and Policy from IIM Bangalore, an MS in Management Science and Engineering from Stanford University and a BTech in Information Science and Engineering from Bangalore University.

NCERT Textbooks to Bring Balanced Perspective of all Genders

  • According to a parliamentary committee, the NCERT will work towards bringing a balanced perspective of all genders in the new National Curriculum Framework (NCF) and in its textbooks.
  • The panel had earlier recommended that to address the under-representation of women and girls in school textbooks or them being depicted only in traditional roles, a thorough analysis from the view point of gender bias and stereotypes should be undertaken by the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT).
  • It had also said efforts should be made to make content portrayal and visual depiction gender inclusive.
  • The committee was informed that the NCERT took note of all the issues raised by the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Education, Women, Children, Youth and Sports and will contribute adequately to bringing in a balanced perspective of all the gender in the NCF, syllabus and all the textbooks which will be developed as a follow-up of NCFs. The process of development of NCFs has already been initiated by the NCERT.
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

IndiGo Airline Ranked Number One in On-time Performance in November

  • IndiGo took the No. 1 spot in on-time performance (OTP) in November, after seven months. It dislodged Air India, which was second.
  • IndiGo's improvement in OTP came at a time when the Tata Group is working towards consolidating its four airlines while committing themselves to improving services overall in line with its target of achieving 30% market share in the next few years.
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