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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

12 Dec 2022

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

President Xi Rocks the Arab World, Alarms QUAD and the West

  • The Middle-East leadership showed the mirror to the Joe Biden administration last week as Chinese President Xi Jinping was feted in Saudi Arabia with even arch-rival Qatari Emir Tamin bin Hamad Al Thani leaving the ongoing World Cup soccer festival in Doha to meet the Middle Kingdom emperor in Riyadh.
  • The four-day visit of President Xi Jinping to oil-rich Saudi Arabia with virtually every Middle-East ruler in attendance as part of the GCC and Arab summit at that time was a message to the US and its allies that China increasingly is the alternate pole in an unstable world. Clearly Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman show-cased President Xi's four-day visit to the oil-rich kingdom as a comeback to his testy relationship with US President Joe Biden over the killing of journalist Jamal Khashoggi in 2018. The Islamic countries on their part ask no questions to China over the treatment of Sunni Muslims in the restive Xinjiang province.
  • The line-up to meet President Xi included Bahrain's King Hamad, Qatar Emir Sheikh Tamin, Fujairah, UAE ruler Sheikh Hamad bin Mohammed, Kuwaiti Crown Prince Sheikh Meshal Al Sabah and Deputy Prime Minister of Oman Sayyid Fahd Al Said for the China-GCC summit. Other middle-east leaders who joined for the China-Arab summit were: Egyptian President Abdel Fatah El Sisi, Sudan Sovereign Council head Gen Abdel Fattah Al Burhan, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas and Iraqi Prime Minister Mohamed Shia Al Sudani. The message from Saudi Arabia was that the world's biggest oil exporter was the leader of the Sunni Muslim world and had the support of the world's largest oil importer China and the two were more than willing to do business as a first step towards future military cooperation.

Pakistan Ranks Atop List of 82 Nations most Influenced by China

  • According to reports from Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, a new study that measures Beijing's expanding global sway revealed that Pakistan is the country in the world which is most influenced by China.
  • The China Index, a database re-launched by DoubleThink Labs, a Taiwan-based research organisation ranked Pakistan atop a list of 82 other nations around the world and said that its links and dependency on China with regard to foreign and domestic policy, technology, and the economy make it particularly susceptible to Chinese influence.
  • Following Pakistan, Cambodia and Singapore are listed at the second spot while Thailand at third position, as per the Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) report. The Philippines is listed at the seventh spot while Malaysia lies in the 10th position. South Africa and Peru are tied at the fifth spot on the index.
  • Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan are at the eighth and ninth spots on the index. These two countries share a border with China's Xinjiang Province and are the Central Asian countries most influenced by Beijing.

Indian-origin Nihar Malaviya is Interim CEO of Penguin Random House

  • Nihar Malaviya, an Indian-origin publishing executive, was named interim CEO of New York-based international publishing group Penguin Random House after its current Chief Executive Officer Markus Dohle announced he was stepping down from the role.
  • Malaviya, who has been President and Chief Operating Officer (COO) of the publisher's American division Penguin Random House US since 2019, will assume the role of Interim CEO of Penguin Random House starting January 1, 2023.
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ENVIRONMENT

International Nature Conservation Agency Announces New Green List Sites

  • The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) announced the addition of another 16 protected areas to its Green List.
  • The new batch contains 11 protected areas in China, including Qianjiangyuan National Park in the eastern province of Zhejiang and the famous Huangguoshu Scenic Area in southwestern province of Guizhou.
  • The IUCN Green List honours successful nature conservation worldwide. A protected or conserved area that reaches its standard is certified and recognized as achieving ongoing results for people and nature in a fair and effective way.

Three Himalayan Medicinal Plants Enter IUCN Red List

  • Three medicinal plant species found in the Himalayas made it to IUCN Red List of Threatened Species following an assessment. Meizotropis pellita was assessed as 'critically endangered', Fritilloria cirrhosa as 'vulnerable', and Dactylorhiza hatagirea as 'endangered'.
  • Meizotropis pellita, commonly known as Patwa, is a perennial shrub with restricted distribution that is endemic to Uttarakhand. "The species is listed as 'critically endangered' based on its limited area of occupancy (less than 10 sq. km).". The species is threatened by deforestation, habitat fragmentation and forest fires.
  • Fritillaria cirrhosa (Himalayan fritillary) is a perennial bulbous herb. "It is reasonable to conclude a decline of at least 30% of its population over the assessment period (22 to 26 years). Considering the rate of decline, long generation length, poor germination potential, high trade value, extensive harvesting pressure and illegal trade, the species is listed as 'vulnerable'.
  • The third listed species, Dactylorhiza hatagirea (Salampanja), is threatened by habitat loss, livestock grazing, deforestation, and climate change. It is extensively used in Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and other alternative systems of medicine to cure dysentery, gastritis, chronic fever, cough and stomach aches. It is a perennial tuberous species endemic to the Hindu Kush and Himalayan ranges of Afghanistan, Bhutan, China, India, Nepal, and Pakistan.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Tamilnad Mercantile Bank Signs Pact with Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance

  • Tamilnad Mercantile Bank (TMB) entered into a strategic alliance with Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance to sell term, annuity and other value-packed products of the private life insurer across its over 500 branches.
  • An agreement to this effect was signed by the bank's MD & CEO S. Krishnan and Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance MD & CEO Tarun Chugh.
  • this tie-up will enable the bank to expand the network pan India and offer added features in the products and services.
  • Through this partnership, new and existing customers of TMB can now choose from Bajaj Allianz Life's retail products including term, savings, retirement, and investment products.

RBI Shortlists 7 Consultancy Firms to Use AI, ML to Improve Supervision

  • The Reserve Bank shortlisted seven global consultancy firms, including Pricewaterhouse Coopers, McKinsey and Boston Consulting Group (India), to use artificial intelligence and machine learning for supervisory functions.
  • The RBI is looking to extensively use advanced analytics, artificial intelligence and machine learning to analyse its huge database and improve regulatory supervision over banks and NBFCs. For this purpose, the central bank plans to hire external experts.
  • Based on the scrutiny/evaluation set out in the EOI document, the central bank shortlisted seven applicants for participating in the request for proposal process (RFP) for the selection of consultant(s), according to an RBI document.
  • The seven firms are Accenture Solutions Private Limited; Boston Consulting Group (India) Pvt Ltd; Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India LLP; Ernst and Young LLP; KPMG Assurance and Consulting Services LLP; McKinsey and Company; and Pricewaterhouse Coopers Pvt Ltd.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

NASA's Orion Spacecraft Returns to Earth after Historic Moon Mission

  • NASA's Orion spacecraft splashed down in the Pacific Ocean, west of Baja California, after a record-breaking mission, travelling more than 1.4 million miles on a path around the Moon and returning safely to Earth, completing the Artemis I flight test.
  • Splashdown is the final milestone of the Artemis I mission that began with a successful liftoff of NASA's Space Launch System (SLS) rocket on November 16, from Launch Pad 39B at NASA's Kennedy Space Centre in Florida. Over the course of 25.5 days, NASA tested Orion in the harsh environment of deep space before flying astronauts on Artemis II.
  • During the mission, Orion performed two lunar flybys, coming within 80 miles of the lunar surface. At its farthest distance during the mission, Orion travelled nearly 2,70,000 miles from our home planet, more than 1,000 times farther than where the International Space Station orbits Earth, to intentionally stress systems before flying crew.

Japanese Start-up Launches Historic Moon Mission

  • A Japanese start-up's spacecraft was launched to the Moon in the country's first-ever lunar mission and the first of its kind by a private company.
  • The launch was carried out by Elon Musk's SpaceX in Cape Canaveral in the US state of Florida after two postponements for additional pre-flight checks.
  • The spacecraft was produced by Tokyo-based start-up ispace.
  • So far only the United States, Russia and China have managed to put a robot on the lunar surface.
  • The ispace mission is the first of a program called Hakuto-R, which means "white rabbit" in Japanese.
View Month Wise

SPORTS

Air Warrior Corp Amar Singh Devanda Finishes 6th in 24 Hour Ultra Marathon in Taiwan

  • Air Warrior Cpl Amar Singh Devandar bagged the sixth position in 24 hours Ultra Marathon organized by the Chinese Taipai Association by covering a distance of 204.47 km. He covered 510 laps (400 m each) in the stadium in 24 hours.
  • The 24 hours Ultra Marathon was organised by Chinese Taipai Association of Ultra runners for 2022 at Soochow University, Taiwan. Cpl Amar Singh Devanda represented India in the event. A total of 31 runners comprising 21 males and 10 females from 5 countries participated in the event.
  • During Asia-Oceania 24 Hrs Championship 2022 held at Bengaluru, Cpl Amar covered 257.618 Km on July 3, 2022 and created a new national record. The Indian team led by him stood first in the championship.

Indian Batter Ishan Kishan Hits Fastest ODI Double Hundred off 126 Balls

  • India batter Ishan Kishan smashed the fastest ODI double century in 126 balls against Bangladesh at the Zahur Ahmed Chowdhury Stadium in Chattogram. The wicketkeeper-batsman scored a 150 off boundaries alone, with 24 fours and 10 sixes all around the Zahur Ahmed Chowdhury Stadium. Kishan was dislodged on 210 off 131 balls.
  • Kishan also became the fourth ODI double-centurion Indian after Rohit Sharma, Virender Sehwag and Sachin Tendulkar and the seventh batsman overall to achieve the feat, along with Gayle, Martin Guptill and Fakhar Zaman. Kishan added 290 for the second wicket with Virat Kohli, who made his 44th ODI hundred, and his first in the format since August 2019. The Kishan-Kohli stand was India's third-highest partnership in ODIs, and the seventh-highest ever in the format.

Morocco Beats Portugal Becomes 1st African Country to Reach WC Semi-finals

  • Morocco became the first African country to reach the World Cup semi-finals by beating Portugal 1-0, likely ending Cristiano Ronaldo's chances of winning soccer's biggest prize.
  • Youssef En-Nesyri scored the winning goal in the 42nd minute to continue Morocco's improbable run that has generated an outpouring of pride in the Arab world during the first World Cup to be staged in the Middle East.
  • Morocco will play France in the semi-finals.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu Takes Oath as Himachal Pradesh CM

  • Congress's Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu took oath as the new Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh, days after the Congress party edged the BJP out of power in the Assembly election held in December.
  • Mukesh Agnihotri, the leader of the Opposition in the outgoing Assembly, took oath as Deputy Chief Minister.
  • Governor Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar administered the oath of office and secrecy to Mr. Sukhu and Mr. Agnihotri at the swearing-in ceremony held at the Ridge in Shimla.
  • Congress leaders including former party president Rahul Gandhi, general secretary Priyanka Gandhi Vadra, senior party leader and MP K.C. Venugopal and national president Mallikarjun Kharge and others were present on the occasion.
  • Sukhu is the second Chief Minister from Hamirpur district, after BJP's Prem Kumar Dhumal.

Kerala CM Inaugurates India's Biggest Business Jet Terminal in Kochi

  • Kerala Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan inaugurated a new Business Jet Terminal at Cochin International Airport Limited (CIAL).
  • With two majestic domestic and international travel terminals, CIAL is now home to the country's biggest Business Jet Terminal. With the commissioning of the new project, CIAL has joined the elite club of four airports in the country which operate dedicated terminals for business jet operations.

AAP Divides Delhi in 12 Zones

  • The AAP divided Delhi into 12 zones and gave the responsibility of three zones each to four senior leaders.
  • These four leaders will coordinate with the councillors of their zones, hold meetings and visit their areas to understand the problems faced by local residents.
  • The 12 zones are Civil Lines, Rohini, Najafgarh, Narela, Keshavpuram, West Zone, Sadar, Karol Bagh, Shahdara North, Central, South and Shahdara South.
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DEFENCE

The 39th Edition of India-Indonesia Coordinated Patrol Is Underway

  • The 39th edition of India-Indonesia Coordinated Patrol (IND-INDO CORPAT) between the Indian Navy and the Indonesian Navy is being conducted from December 8 -19, 2022. Indian Naval Ship (INS) Karmuk, an indigenously built Missile Corvette participated in the pre-deployment briefing at Belawan, Indonesia.
  • The 39th edition of IND-INDO CORPAT seeks to bolster the maritime cooperation between the two navies and forge strong bonds of friendship between India and Indonesia.
  • As part of Government of India's vision SAGAR (Security And Growth for All in the Region), Indian Navy has been proactively engaging with countries in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) to enhance maritime security in the region.
  • India and Indonesia have been carrying out CORPATs twice a year since 2002, with an aim of keeping this vital part of the IOR safe and secure for commercial shipping, international trade and conduct of legitimate maritime activities.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Veteran Lavani Singer Sulochana Chavan Passes Away

  • Renowned Marathi singer Sulochana Chavan passed away after long illness.
  • Sulochana Chavan was known for her soulful Lavani folk songs. She had a successful singing career of nearly six decades. She was one of the cornerstones of Marathi folk music throughout her life, and along with the Mangeshkar sisters, Chavan was among the greatest female singers in Marathi history.
  • She was single-handedly responsible for keeping alive and popularizing the Lavani genre of Marathi folk music, which is a genre that combines traditional Marathi songs and dance, especially on the beats of a Dholki.
  • Earlier this year, Chavan was awarded the Padma Shri and also conferred the title of 'Lavani Samradnyi' (Queen of Lavani) for her contribution to the traditional Maharashtrian musical genre of Lavani, associated with the folk theatre of Tamasha.
  • She was honoured with the Lata Mangeshkar Award, instituted by the Government of Maharashtra, in 2010. She was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 2012. Chavan was awarded the Lokshahir Patthe Bapurao Puraskar instituted by the Pune Municipal Corporation in 2007 and two years later, was bestowed with the Ram Kadam Puraskar.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

Universal Health Coverage Day

  • Universal Health Coverage Day is celebrated annually on December 12 and is promoted by the World Health Organization.
  • Universal Health Coverage Day is marked to promote the importance of building robust, resilient, world-class healthcare systems globally.
  • On December 12, 2012, the UN General Assembly passed a resolution encouraging nations to advance efforts toward universal healthcare (UHC). Everyone irrespective of where they belong should have access to high-quality, affordable healthcare, which is a key goal for global development.
  • The United Nations declared December 12h as International Universal Health Coverage Day in 2017.
  • According to the UN, this year's (2022) theme, "Build the world we want: A healthy future for all," emphasises the importance of equity, trust, healthy surroundings, investments, and accountability in order to build strong health systems.

International Day of Neutrality

  • International Day of Neutrality is commemorated on December 12. It is a day when people look at the possibility of a world free of armed and other types of conflicts. The day was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2017. Its focus was on advocating and campaigning for intra-state peaceful relations. Switzerland serves as the perfect example of neutrality.
  • On February 2, 2017, the United Nations General Assembly decided to establish without a vote resolution 71/275, December 12 as the International Day of Neutrality proposed by Turkmenistan. The country has been recognized by the United Nations as a permanently neutral state since December 1995.
  • The International Day of Neutrality is a reminder of how important neutrality truly is, especially for humanitarian reasons. During armed conflicts, it is neutrality that NGOs and other humanitarian agencies are able to care for casualties in a proper way. The day is also a reminder to strive towards peace. It asks people to aim for a world where there is no conflict and how the world by putting their efforts together can achieve this.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

J&K Awarded 1st Prize in Ayushman Bharat Health Account ID Generation

  • Jammu and Kashmir was awarded 1st prize in the category for Ayushman Bharat health account ID generation and 2nd prize in the category for Teleconsultation conducted during the celebration of Universal Health Coverage Day 2022 celebrated at International Cooperation and Convention Centre, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh.
  • The event was graced by the Governor of UP, Anandiben Patel virtually, Mansukh Mandaviya, Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare; Health Ministers of various states and UTs, senior officials from the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, States, UTs and development partners.
  • Dr. Mohammad Shafi Koka, State nodal officer NHM attended the function and received the awards from the Union Health Minister who personally congratulated the UT of J&K for achieving the milestones in the healthcare delivery system.

Former VP Venkaiah Naidu Confered with SIES Award for Public Leadership

  • Former vice president Venkaiah Naidu was conferred with the 25th Sri Chandrasekarendra Saraswathi National Eminence Award (SIES) for public leadership. Other awardees in various categories included the Governor of Kerala Arif Mohammed Khan, eminent industrialist Ratan Tata, renowned cardiologist and Padma Vibhushan awardee Dr. Marthanda Varma Sankaran Valianathan, Scientific Advisor to the Government of India Ajay Sood and famous Harikatha artiste Vishakha Hari. The awards are given in the fields of public leadership, community leadership, science and technology, and social thinkers who have made outstanding contributions in their respective fields.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

PM Narendra Modi Inaugurates Goa Centre of All India Institute of Ayurveda

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the Goa satellite centre of the All India Institute of Ayurveda. With this, the satellite centre in Goa opens doors of education in the field of Ayurveda for students of the Konkan and nearby areas.
  • The institute's location in Goa, a hub of tourists coming from all over the world, will also provide some of the best tertiary care facilities, such as Panchakarma, and will play a catalytic role in making the state a hub of medical tourism activities.
  • While the biodiversity and the medicinal plants found in the region will benefit the practice of Ayurveda, the AIIA satellite centre in Goa, which is an international tourist destination, will also boost the prospects of medical tourism in the country.

New UGC Norms for UG Courses Released

  • UGC declared a curriculum and credit framework for the Undergraduate programmes, which will provide an innovative and flexible higher education system for students. UGC developed this curriculum with a credit framework for undergraduate programmes. All the Higher Educational institutes have been advised by UGC to take necessary measures to adapt the curriculum.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Centre Notifies Appointment of Justice Dipankar Dutta As Supreme Court Judge

  • Almost three months after the recommendation made by the Supreme Court Collegium, the Central Government notified the appointment of Justice Dipankar Dutta, Chief Justice of the Bombay High Court, as a judge of the Supreme Court.
  • The Supreme Court collegium led by the then CJI UU Lalit had recommended the elevation of Justice Dutta in the resolution passed on September 26. It is worthwhile to note that the Centre's notification came in the backdrop of the Supreme Court repeatedly criticising the Government for not acting promptly on the collegium recommendations.
  • Dutta practised mostly in the Calcutta High Court, but also practiced in Supreme Court and other High Courts in constitutional and civil matters. Justice Dutta was made a permanent judge of Calcutta High Court on June 22, 2006.He was later elevated on April 28, 2020 as the Chief Justice of Bombay High Court. With the appointment of Justice Dutta, the Supreme Court now has 28 judges out of the strength of 34 judges.

Kerala High Court Strikes Down 10A of Divorce Act, 1869

  • The Kerala High Court declared as unconstitutional the stipulation of one year of separation or more for filing a divorce petition by mutual consent under the Divorce Act, saying it is violative of fundamental rights.
  • A division bench of the High Court comprising Justice A. Muhamed Mustaque and Justice Shoba Annamma Eapen also observed the Union government should seriously consider having a uniform marriage code in India to promote common welfare and the good of spouses in matrimonial disputes.
  • Observing that the law differentiates parties based on religion in regard to welfare in a matrimonial relationship, the High Court said in a secular country, the legal paternalistic approach should be on the common good of the citizens rather than based on religion.
  • The High Court gave this order on a plea filed by a young Christian couple challenging the fixation of the minimum period of separation of one year under Section 10A of the Divorce Act, 1869 as being violative of fundamental rights.

Central Government Should Amend Section 2(2) of the Hindu Succession Act which Excludes Female Members of Scheduled Tribes

  • The Supreme Court asked the Central Government to consider amending Section 2(2) of the Hindu Succession Act that excludes female members of Scheduled Tribes from having the equal share in the property of the father.
  • A bench of Justice M.R. Shah and Justice Krishna Murari said that there can be no justification whatsoever for denying the right of survival to female members of a community.
  • As per the judgement when a daughter belonging to the non-tribal is entitled to the equal share in the property of the father, there is no reason to deny similar right to the daughter of the tribal community. Female tribal is entitled to parity with male tribal in intestate succession.
  • The bench further stated it is about time that the court reconsiders the provisions of the Act that have been prevalent since 70 years of the Constitution denying daughters of Scheduled Tribe being denied equal rights.
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