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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

30 Nov 2022

DAILY G.K. TEST

Start Test

ENVIRONMENT

UN Panel Recommends Great Barrier Reef be Put on 'in Danger' List

  • Australia's Great Barrier Reef located in Coral Sea should be listed as a world heritage site that is "in danger", a UN panel recommended, saying the world's biggest coral reef ecosystem was significantly impacted by climate change and warming of oceans.
  • Frequent bleaching events are threatening the reef, including four over the last seven years and the first during a La Nina phenomenon, which typically brings cooler temperatures, this year.
  • Bleaching happens when the water warms too much, causing corals to expel the colourful algae living in their tissues and turn white.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Vistara to Merge With Air India

  • As per reports, Vistara airlines will be merged with Tata-owned Air India by March 2024. Singapore Airlines, which owns minority share in Vistara in its joint venture with Tata, will own around 25 per cent of the enlarged Air India, into which it will infuse over Rs. 2,000 crore.
  • The rearrangement will mean a larger fleet and more routes under the Air India brand as Tata Sons rebuilds a mega aviation wing of its empire. At present, 51 per cent share in Vistara is with Tata, while Singapore Airlines owns the remaining 49 per cent in the joint venture set up in 2013.
  • Since Tata bought Air India for Rs. 18,000 crore as part of a government disinvestment around a year ago, the plan has been to merge all its aviation brands under that name.

UKIBC's 'Doing Business in India' Report 2022

  • UK India Business Council released the eighth edition of the 'Doing Business in India' Report 2022.
  • Doing Business in India' Report 2022 was released by the UK India Business Council (UKIBC). Its findings are based on a survey of 111 UK businesses and higher education institutions. It is consistent with the 7 previous surveys that were conducted each year from 2015 to 2021. Their purpose is to assess the views and experiences of UK businesses and higher education institutions in India's business environment. The findings of the 2022 report were shared with the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT).
  • Maharashtra was rated the highest among the Indian states in terms of the operating environment. Other top performers are Gujarat, Chandigarh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh.

Ashok Leyland Appoints Sanjay V. Jorapur as President, Human Resource Head

  • Hinduja Group flagship Ashok Leyland appointed Sanjay V. Jorapur as its president and head of human resources.
  • Jorapur succeeded Amanpreet Singh, who moved on to a senior role at Hinduja Group in Mumbai.
  • Jorapur has leadership level experience in technology, engineering and automation domains.
  • He earlier served HFCL Group as its president, group human resources.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Seventh Edition of Global Technology Summit

  • The seventh edition of the Global Technology Summit (GTS) began in New Delhi. It is India's annual flagship event on Geotechnology, co-hosted by the Ministry of External Affairs and Carnegie India.
  • The theme for the seventh Global Technology Summit was 'Geopolitics of Technology'. The inaugural session of the GTS was included a conversation of External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar on "geo-digital and its effects." The Global Technology Summit will be held till December 1 in New Delhi in a hybrid format.
  • India's annual flagship event on Geotechnology is being held annually since 2016. During the three days, the world's leading minds in technology, government, security, space, startups, data, law, public health, climate change, academics, and the economy will hold discussions regarding technology and its future.

China Launches 3 Astronauts to its under-construction Space Station

  • China launched a spacecraft with a three-person crew to its under-construction space station amid intensifying competition with the United States.
  • The Shenzhou-15 spaceship carrying the aircraft was launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre in northwest China.
  • It carried three astronauts -- Fei Junlong, Deng Qingming, and Zhang Lu.
  • Fei is the commander of the mission, Ji Qiming, assistant to the director of the CMSA.
  • The crew will stay in orbit for about six months, a period in which the construction of the low-orbit space station is expected to be completed.

Somalia Meteorite: Scientists Find Two New Minerals

  • A huge meteorite that fell to Earth contains two minerals never seen before on our planet.
  • Canadian researchers said that the rock was found in rural Somalia two years ago, but locals believe it is much older.
  • They call the stone Nightfall, and say it is documented in poems, songs and dances that stretch back five generations. It is used today to sharpen knives.
  • The official names for the new minerals are elaliite and elkinstantonite.
  • They were identified by scientists at the University of Alberta who looked at a 70g fragment from the 15-tonne meteorite, which is said to be the ninth-biggest to reach our planet and is about 90% iron and nickel.
  • The name "elaliite" honours the fact that the meteorite was unearthed in the district of El Ali in Somalia, and "elkinstantonite" is named after NASA expert Lindy Elkins-Tanton.
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SPORTS

Ruturaj Gaikwad Smashes 7 Sixes in an Over to Make World Record

  • Ruturaj Gaikwad hit a world record seven sixes in the 49th over of the Vijay Hazare Trophy quarter-finals against Uttar Pradesh in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. Rituraj Gaikwad, playing for Maharashtra, became the first batsman in List-A cricket to hit 7 sixes in an over in the quarter-finals. He remained unbeaten after scoring 220 runs off 159 balls. This is his first double century in List-A cricket, before that 187 not out was his best score. This is also his sixth century in the last 8 innings of Vijay Hazare Trophy. In the 49th over of the innings, he scored 43 runs including 7 sixes on left arm spinner Shiva Singh.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

India, Azerbaijan Hold 5th Round of Foreign Office Consultations

  • India and Azerbaijan held the fifth round of Foreign Office Consultations and reviewed bilateral relations comprehensively including, political, trade, and economic matters.
  • The fifth round of India-Azerbaijan Foreign Office Consultations was held in New Delhi. The Indian delegation was led by Sanjay Verma, Secretary (West).
  • Deputy Foreign Minister of Azerbaijan, Elnur Mammadov, led Azerbaijan's delegation. The 4th Foreign Office Consultations were held in Baku on 28 July 2016.
  • Views were also exchanged on regional issues and cooperation in the UN and other multilateral bodies.
  • This year India and Azerbaijan mark the 30th anniversary of establishment of their diplomatic relations. India was one of the first countries to recognize the independence of Azerbaijan in 1991.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Renowned Yakshagana Artiste Kumble Sundar Rao Passes Away

  • Popular Yakshagana dancer Kumble Sundar Rao passed away at his residence in Karnataka's Mangaluru. Rao had also served as president of the state's Yakshagana and Bayalata Academy.
  • Apart from his work in the Yakshagana and Talamaddale art forms, Rao also served as a BJP MLA from Surathkal constituency from 1994 to 1999.
  • He was awarded the Yakshamangala Award from P. Dayananda Pai and P. Satish Pai Yakshagana Adhyayana Kendra at Mangalore University for the year 2018-2019.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

Day of Remembrance for All Victims of Chemical Warfare

  • Day of Remembrance for all Victims of Chemical Warfare is commemorated on November 30. This internationally marked day was adopted by the United Nations to remember the victims of chemical warfare. The day aims to encourage efforts for eliminating the use of chemical weapons and remember those who have suffered because of such warfare.
  • The first international agreement limiting the use of chemical weapons can be traced back to 1675. France and Germany had come to an agreement to prohibit the use of poison bullets. This agreement was signed in Strasbourg.
  • The Chemical Weapons Convention was adopted in 1993. It came into force on April 29, 1997.
  • In 2005, the United Nations proclaimed November 30 as the Day of Remembrance for all Victims of Chemical Warfare.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Tamil Writer Imayam Selected for Kuvempu National Award

  • Rashtrakavi Kuvempu Prathishtana Kuppali selected Tamil poet V. Annamalai aka Imayam for the Kuvempu National award for the year 2022 at the Kuvempu's 118th birth anniversary program on December 29 at Kuppali in Thirthahalli taluk. 'Kannada National Poet Kwembu Rashtriya Puraskar Award is presented annually in memory of the late poet Kwembu. The award carries a cash prize of Rs. 5 lakh, a silver medal and a citation.
  • Annamalai writes in the pen name Imayam and has penned seven novels, six short story collections, and a novella. His debut novel 'Koveru Kazhudaigal has been translated into English, French, and many other Indian languages. Imayam has brought new sensibilities to Tamil literature through his writings. His novels Koveru Kazhudaigal and Pethavan, have been translated into English and several other languages.

VP Jageep Dhankhar Confers Shilp Guru and National Awards

  • Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar gave away Shilp Guru and National Awards to master craftspersons for 2017, 2018, and 2019 at a function in New Delhi. These awards are conferred every year to legendary master craftspersons of handicrafts whose work has contributed to the preservation of the rich and diverse craft heritage of the country. The main objective of the award is to give recognition to outstanding craftspersons in the handicrafts sector. The awardees represent almost all states and Union Territories of the country, as well as different craft styles of different locations.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Power Min Launches Scheme to Procure 4,500 MW Electricity Supply for Five Years

  • Ministry of Power launched a scheme for procurement of aggregate power of 4500 MW for five years under SHAKTI Policy. The Ministry said that the scheme will help states that are facing power shortage and help generation plants to increase their capacities.
  • PFC Consulting Limited was designated as the nodal agency. It has invited bids for the supply of 4,500 MW electricity. The supply will commence from April next year (2023).
  • The utilities that have shown interest for the scheme are Gujarat Urja Vikas Nigam Ltd, Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Company Ltd, Madhya Pradesh Power Management Company Ltd, New Delhi Municipal Corporation and Tamil Nadu Generation and Distribution Corporation Ltd.
  • It is for the first time that bidding is being carried out under B(v) of SHAKTI scheme.
  • SHAKTI, or Scheme for Harnessing and Allocating Koyala Transparently in India, was launched in 2018 to provide coal to stressed power units which lack coal supply.

Rajasthan Governor Mishra Returns Private University Bills Passed by State Assembly

  • Rajasthan Governor Kalraj Mishra returned separate Bills of three proposed private universities passed by the state assembly, saying that the varsities are being established without following the prescribed rules.
  • The three proposed private universities are Dunes University, Jodhpur; Vyas Vidya Peeth University, Jodhpur; and Saurabh University, Hindaun City, Karauli.
  • Mishra returned the Bills in pursuance of Article 200 of the Constitution and its provisions.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

WHO Renames Monkeypox as mpox, Citing Racism, Discrimination Concerns

  • The World Health Organisation renamed monkeypox as mpox, citing concerns the original name of the decades-old animal disease could be construed as discriminatory and racist.
  • As per the UN health agency, mpox was its new preferred name for monkeypox, and that both monkeypox and mpox would be used for the next year while the old name is phased out.
  • WHO was concerned by the racist and stigmatising language that arose after monkeypox spread to more than 100 countries. It said numerous individuals and countries asked the organisation to propose a way forward to change the name.
  • In August, WHO began consulting experts about renaming the disease, shortly after the UN agency declared monkeypox's spread to be a global emergency.
  • Mpox was first named monkeypox in 1958 when research monkeys in Denmark were observed to have a pox-like disease, although they are not thought to be the disease's animal reservoir.

Former Health Secretary Preeti Sudan Takes Oath as UPSC Member

  • Former Health Secretary Preeti Sudan was appointed as a member of Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).
  • The UPSC conducts civil services examination annually in three stages, preliminary, main and interview, to select officers of Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Foreign Service (IFS) and Indian Police Service (IPS) among others.
  • She superannuated as the health secretary in July 2020. Sudan also served in Women and Child Development and Defence Ministries.
  • In her cadre state Andhra Pradesh, she handled finance and planning, disaster management, tourism and agriculture.
  • Amongst her notable contribution have been initiating two major flagship programmes of the country, Beti Bachao Beti Padhao and Ayushman Bharat, apart from legislation on National Medical Commission, Allied Health Professional Commission and ban on e-cigarettes.
  • Sudan was also consultant with the World Bank. The UPSC is headed by a chairperson and can have a maximum of 10 members. With her appointment, there is still a vacancy of four members in the Commission.

Ministry of Rural Development Launches 'Nai Chetna' Gender Campaign

  • 'Nai Chetna', is a month-long campaign envisioned as a 'Jan Andolan' or people's movement. The 'Nai Chetna' campaign is launched by the Ministry of Rural Development and involves sensitizing women, especially in rural areas. It seeks to enable women to acknowledge, prepare, and take support in situations of comprise.
  • The Union Minister described that the 'Nai Chetna' campaign focuses on women.
  • Women in rural areas are unaware of the various mechanisms available to raise their concerns.
  • The campaign has an idea to bring the issue of gender-based violence into focus and make women aware of their rights and the mechanism available to help redress their grievances.
  • The campaign aims to raise awareness about the institutional mechanisms available for women to fight gender-based violence.
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

ETAA Announces Saurabh Tuteja as New Chairman, North India

  • Saurabh Tuteja was chosen the new Chairman of Enterprising Travel Agents Association (ETAA), North India Chapter. He got elevated from the post of General Secretary and took the baton from Sangeeta Manocha who now serves as an advisor to ETAA.
  • Tuteja shared that under his supervision and association's efforts, ETAA will be creating more opportunities for the members to learn, network and empower. He added that he will continue to contribute to the success and growth of association.
  • Enterprising Travel Agent's Association (ETAA), is a professional association representing the Retail tour operator/travel industry in India. ETAA's North India chapter has been actively creating opportunities to bring members on one platform of knowledge sharing and supporting each other.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Bilkis Bano Challenges Supreme Court Order Allowing Gujarat to Apply 1992 Remission Rules

  • A review plea was filed by Bilkis Bano against the Supreme Court order of May 2022, where the Top Court allowed the state government of Gujarat to apply 1992 remission rules.
  • A writ petition was also filed by Bilkis Bano challenging the release of 11 convicts who were involved in the brutal murder and rape case during the Godhra riots.
  • The plea clearly mentions that the convicts should have not been released from the jail.
  • The Review plea mentions that it was the state of Maharashtra and not the state of Gujarat who should have taken the decision.
  • It mentions that the Remission Policy of state of Maharashtra would govern this case.
  • The matter was mentioned before the Chief Justice of India D.Y. Chandrachud for listing.
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