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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

20 Nov 2022

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Third Edition of the 'No Money for Terror' Ministerial Conference

  • The third edition of the 'No Money for Terror' Ministerial Conference began in India. Pakistan and Afghanistan are not participating in the international event.
  • However, a total of 78 countries and multilateral organisations, including Ministers from 20 countries, have confirmed their presence at the two-day conference being organised on November 18 and November 19 here in the national capital.
  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi delivered the inaugural address at the third 'No Money for Terror' (NMFT) Ministerial Conference on Counter-Terrorism Financing.
  • As per the Prime Minister's office, the conference will offer a unique platform for participating nations and organizations to deliberate on effectiveness of the current international regime on Counter Terrorism Financing as well as steps required to address emerging challenges.
  • The conference will build on the gains and learnings of the previous two conferences held in Paris in April 2018 and in Melbourne in November 2019. It will also work towards enhancing global cooperation to deny finances to terrorists and access to permissive jurisdictions to operate.
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ENVIRONMENT

Tamil Nadu Introduces India's First Elephant Death Audit Framework

  • Tamil Nadu's Forest Department introduced an elephant death audit framework to put in place a more detailed and transparent process for recording and monitoring elephant deaths in the state.
  • The broad objectives of Elephant Death Audit Framework (EDAF), the first-of-its-kind initiative in the country, are threefold, said Supriya Sahu, Additional Chief Secretary, Environment, Climate Change and Forests.
  • It prescribes a systematic standard protocol for conducting post-mortem to determine the reasons for death of an elephant. It will help to study the circumstances of preventable and unnatural deaths and formulate measures to prevent them.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

SEBI Introduces New Option for Appointment, Removal of Independent Director

  • Capital markets regulator SEBI introduced a new option for appointment and removal of independent directors from the boards of companies, a move that will provide flexibility to such a process. Under this, the appointment and removal of independent directors could be done by way of two parameters – threshold for ordinary resolution and threshold for majority of minority shareholders.
  • Currently, the appointment, re-appointment or removal of independent directors is made through a special resolution. For a special resolution to be passed, 75% of 'yes' votes are needed from a company's board.
  • To give these effects, SEBI has amended LODR (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) rules, according to a notification made public by the regulator.
  • Under the alternate mechanism, if the special resolution for appointment of an independent director does not get the requisite majority, then two other thresholds – for ordinary resolution and for majority of minority shareholders – would be tested.
  • If the resolution crosses the above two thresholds in the same voting process, then such a resolution for appointment of the independent director would be deemed to be approved by shareholders.

Retired BPCL Chairman Arun Kumar Singh to be Next Head of ONGC

  • As per reports, BPCL's former Chairman Arun Kumar Singh is likely to be the new chairman of India's top oil and gas producer ONGC.
  • He retired from BPCL after attaining the superannuation age in 2022 and was already selected to head the Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB) before the August 27 interviews.
  • It will be first time that a person aged over 60 will be heading a top PSU board-level position.
  • Big name in Oil refining market, Singh was chosen by a search-cum-selection committee, constituted by the oil ministry. They zeroed in on Singh after interviewing six candidates in August 2022.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Nvidia, Microsoft Team up to Build One of most Powerful AI Supercomputers

  • Nvidia announced a multi-year collaboration with Microsoft to build one of the most powerful AI supercomputers in the world.
  • The supercomputer will be powered by Microsoft Azure's advanced supercomputing infrastructure combined with Nvidia GPUs, networking and a full stack of AI software to help enterprises train, deploy and scale AI, including large, state-of-the-art models.
  • Nvidia collaboration with Microsoft will provide researchers and companies with state-of-the-art AI infrastructure and software to capitalise on the transformative power of AI.
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SPORTS

Paralympics-IPC Suspends Russian, Belarusian Committees with Immediate Effect

  • The International Paralympic Committee voted to suspend the National Paralympic Committees (NPCs) of Russia and Belarus with immediate effect, placing their para-athletes' hopes of competing at the 2024 Paralympics in jeopardy.
  • Athletes from the two countries had previously been barred from competing in the Beijing 2022 Winter Paralympics over Russia's invasion of Ukraine, for which Belarus has been a staging area.
  • Russia's suspension was passed by 64 votes to 39, with 16 abstentions, at the IPC's extraordinary General Assembly in Berlin. The suspension of Belarus' NPC passed 54-45, with 18 abstentions.
  • Both NPCs were suspended for their "inability to comply with their membership obligations under the IPC Constitution."
  • Due to their suspension, NPC Russia and NPC Belarus lost all rights and privileges of IPC membership, in accordance with the IPC Constitution.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Farooq Abdullah Steps Down as National Conference Chief

  • Former Jammu and Kashmir Chief Minister Farooq Abdullah stepped down as the president of the National Conference. The move came as Jammu and Kashmir prepares for polls. Farooq Abdullah informed his colleagues of his decision to step down as president of JKNC. In spite of the best efforts of senior colleagues in the party Farooq was adamant that he wouldn't review his decision.

CEC Rajiv Kumar Invited as International Observer for Nepal Polls

  • Chief Election Commissioner Rajiv Kumar was invited by the Election Commission of Nepal as an international observer for the elections there.
  • Elections in Nepal were held on November 20 to elect 275 members of the Federal Parliament and 550 seats of the seven Provincial Assemblies.
  • Kumar led a delegation of ECI officials as state guest in Nepal from November 18 to 22.

ED Director Sanjay K. Mishra Gets One-year Extension

  • The Union Government extended by one year the tenure of ED Director Sanjay Kumar Mishra.
  • As per the order issued by the Personnel Ministry, the 1984-batch Indian Revenue Service (IRS) officer has been given the extension till November 18, 2023.
  • The government in 2021 brought an ordinance allowing that the tenure of the directors of the ED and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) can be extended by up to three years after the mandated term of two years.
  • Mishra was subsequently given a one-year extension then, his second.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

Universal Children's Day

  • World Children's Day was first established in 1954 as Universal Children's Day and is celebrated on November 20 each year to promote international togetherness, awareness among children worldwide, and improving children's welfare.
  • November 20 is an important date as it is the date in 1959 when the UN General Assembly adopted the Declaration of the Rights of the Child. It is also the date in 1989 when the UN General Assembly adopted the Convention on the Rights of the Child.
  • Since 1990, World Children's Day also marks the anniversary of the date that the UN General Assembly adopted both the Declaration and the Convention on children's rights.
  • The theme for Universal Children's Day 2022 was "Equality and Inclusion, for every child".

World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims

  • The World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims (WDR) is marked on the third Sunday of November each year. This year (2022) it fell on November 20. This global event is to memorialise the victims of road traffic accidents, who have died or were seriously injured.
  • It was started by the British road crash victim charity, RoadPeace, in 1993 and was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2005.
  • The 2022 theme for World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims is "Justice".
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

In a First, Six Women Officers Clear Defence Services Staff Course Exam

  • For the first time, six women officers cleared the prestigious Defence Services Staff Course (DSSC) and Defence Services Technical Staff Course (DSTSC) exam, which is held every September.
  • Four of these officers will undergo a one-year course at Defence Services Staff College, Wellington, Tamil Nadu, alongside their male counterparts from all three services.
  • The women officers will be imparted training and orientation on operational, military intelligence, operational logistics and administrative aspects of staff appointments.
  • The prestigious Staff Course gives adequate weightage while being considered for command appointments.
  • Among the remaining two women officers, one is on the reserve list of Defence Services Technical Staff Course and the other is shortlisted for Administration and Logistics Management Course (ALMC)/Intelligence Staff Course (ISC).
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BOOKS AND AUTHORS

Michelle Obama's New Book 'The Light We Carry'

  • In 2018, Michelle Obama became a #1 best-selling author with "Becoming," and now she's back in bookstores with her new memoir, "The Light We Carry."
  • The former first lady describes "The Light We Carry" as a collection of practices and perspectives that I draw on when I need to stay balanced and confident, especially in times of anxiety and stress.
  • In the introduction, Obama adds that the book will guide readers through the tools, attitudes, and beliefs she learned on her "ongoing journey to becoming."
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Centre Files Review Petition against Rajiv Gandhi Convicts' Release

  • The Centre filed a review petition in the Supreme Court against the November 11 order allowing the release of all convicts in the Rajiv Gandhi assassination case. The Centre said that since the case is related to the assassination of the former Prime Minister of India, the court should have heard the Union of India before passing an order to release the convicts. "Petitions/applications related to the case were filed in the court without making the Union of India a party", the petition stated.
  • The court had on May 18 released AG Perarivalan, one of the convicts in the Rajiv Gandhi assassination case and then, on November 11, released the remaining six convicts serving life terms for the assassination in 1991 of former prime minister. The six convicts are Nalini Sriharan, Santhan alias Raviraj, Murugan, Robert Payas, Jayakumar, and Ravichandran alias Ravi.

Supreme Court Agrees to Consider Listing Plea against Collegium System of Appointing Judges

  • The Chief Justice of India, Justice D.Y. Chandrachud agreed to list a plea challenging the present collegium system for appointment of judges of the Supreme Court and the High Courts. The petition, in essence, seeks a new mechanism for judges' appointment.
  • The matter was mentioned by Advocate Mathews J. Nedumpara before a Bench comprising CJI, Justice D.Y. Chandrachud, Justice Hima Kohli and Justice J.B. Pardiwala.
  • Advocate Mathews J. Nedumpara, who mentioned the matter, referred to the 2015 verdict of the apex court which had struck down the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) Act and the Constitution (99th Amendment) Act, 2014, leading to the revival of the collegium system of existing judges appointing judges to constitutional courts.
  • The bench assured the counsel it will consider the request in due course after perusing the petition. The plea has said the collegium system of appointment of judges has resulted in denial of equal opportunity to thousands of lawyers who are eligible, meritorious and deserved to the considered.
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