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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

10 Nov 2022

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Four Indian-Americans Elected to US House in Midterm Polls

  • Four Indian-American politicians from the ruling Democratic Party were elected to the US House of Representatives and many others won across the country to state legislatures in the highly polarised midterm poll.
  • Entrepreneur-turned-politician Thanedar became the first Indian-American to win the Congressional elections from Michigan. Thanedar currently represents the third district in the Michigan House.
  • In the eighth Congressional District of Illinois, Raja Krishnamoorthi was re-elected for the fourth consecutive term. In Silicon Valley, Ro Khanna defeated his compatriot Republican opponent Ritesh Tandon in the 17th Congressional District of California.
  • Chennai-born Congresswoman Pramila Jayapal, the only Indian-American woman lawmaker in the House of Representatives, defeated her GOP rival, Cliff Moon in the 7th Congressional District of Washington State.
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ENVIRONMENT

Mangrove Alliance for Climate

  • Dubbing mangrove forests the "most productive ecosystems" of the world, India joined the Mangrove Alliance for Climate (MAC) at the 27th Summit of the Conference of Parties (COP27) at Sharm el-Sheikh in Egypt. UAE, Indonesia, Australia, Japan, Spain and Sri Lanka are the other MAC supporters.
  • A mangrove is a shrub or a small tree that grows along the coastlines and has roots in salty sediments, often underwater. They also grow in swamps. Mangrove forests can survive extreme weather conditions and require low oxygen levels to survive.
  • The mangroves cannot survive freezing temperatures and thus are found mainly in tropical and subtropical latitudes. Sundarbans in West Bengal in India is the largest mangrove forest in the world.
  • Spearheaded by the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in partnership with Indonesia, MAC was launched at the COP27 Summit in Egypt to scale up and accelerate the conservation and restoration of the mangrove forests.
  • The alliance will raise awareness about the role of mangroves as a "nature-based solution to climate change".
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Adidas Appoints Bjorn Gulden as CEO of the Company

  • Adidas appointed Bjorn Gulden, the CEO of rival Puma, as its new Chief Executive Officer, and he will take over the German sportswear brand in January. Gulden will replace Kasper Rorsted, Adidas' CEO since 2016, whose departure was announced in August 2022. Puma, which like Adidas is based in the southern German town of Herzogenaurach, said its chief commercial officer, Arne Freundt, will replace Gulden as its CEO.
  • Gulden, a Norwegian who was once a professional soccer and handball player, has been Puma's CEO since 2013. He has worked at Adidas before and was its senior vice president of apparel and accessories from 1992 to 1999. He also has served as CEO of Danish jewellery brand Pandora, managing director of footwear retailer Deichmann and president of Rack Room Shoes and is board chairman at Danish food retailer Salling Group.

Adani Group Enters Sri Lanka's Port Industry as the First Indian Operator

  • The Adani Group became the first Indian port operator in Sri Lanka as construction of the Colombo Port's West Container Terminal (WCT) started.
  • The group has the majority stake in the West Container International Terminal Joint Venture (JV) which is valued at $700 million.
  • The build-operate-transfer (BOT) agreement which is to remain valid for 35 years is said to be the "largest" foreign investment ever in Sri Lanka's port history.
  • The state-run Sri Lanka Ports Authority will own 15 per cent, while local company John Keells will own 34 per cent interests in the joint project.

National Payments Corporation Introduces BHIM App Open-source License Model

  • The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) introduced the BHIM app open-source license model, under which the source code of the BHIM App will be licensed to regulated entities that do not have a UPI app of their own.
  • Currently, a large number of banks do not have a mobile banking app and by licensing the source code of the BHIM app to such banks, NPCI wants to bridge this gap by extending all the readily available features of UPI to these entities which will be an economical and quick-to-market solution for these entities.
  • Further, under this model new features that get launched on BHIM App in the future, will also be extended to these entities for them to continue accessing the BHIM app's latest features.
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SPORTS

India to Host Women's World Boxing Championship in 2023

  • India will host the women's world boxing championships in 2023 in New Delhi, two years after the country was stripped of the hosting rights of men's event for not paying the requisite fee to the global governing body. India has never conducted the men's world championship but it will be the third time that the elite women's competition will be held in the country having conducted the championships in 2006 and 2018 in New Delhi.

Uttar Pradesh to Host 2023 Khelo India University Games

  • The Uttar Pradesh government will be hosting the Khelo India National University Games in 2023-24 in four cities of the state. These cities are Lucknow, Gorakhpur, Varanasi and Noida.
  • According to Navneet Sehgal, additional chief secretary, sports, around 4,500 athletes, representing 150 universities across the country will be vying for top honours in 20 disciplines, including rowing, basketball, judo, kabaddi, wrestling, swimming, boxing, etc.
  • After Odisha and Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh has got the opportunity to host the National University Games for the first time.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Atal Innovation Mission Launches Women Centric Challenges under ANIC Programme

  • Atal Innovation Mission (AIM), set up under NITI Aayog, launched women-centric challenges under phase-II of the second edition of the Atal New India Challenge (ANIC).
  • ANIC is an initiative by AIM, NITI Aayog, targeted to seek, select, support and nurture technology-based innovations that solve sectoral challenges of national importance and societal relevance through a grant-based mechanism of up to Rs. 1 crore.
  • Keeping in mind that "a woman is an architect of society", ANIC's Woman centric challenges address the major issues faced by woman from all spheres of life.
  • These include driving women hygiene through innovation, innovations to improve women's safety, professional networking opportunities for women, innovations that make working mothers' life better, and easing the life of Rural Women.

Cabinet Approves Guidelines for Uplinking, Downlinking in TV Channels

  • The Union Cabinet approved revised guidelines for uplinking and downlinking television channels in India. Guidelines were last amended in 2011.
  • The consolidated guidelines shall ease issue of permissions to the companies/ LLPs (Limited Liability Partnerships) registered in India for uplinking and downlinking of TV Channels, setting up of Teleports/ Teleport Hubs, use of Digital Satellite News Gathering (DSNG)/ Satellite News Gathering (SNG)/ Electronic News Gathering (ENG) systems, uplinking by Indian News agencies and temporary uplinking of a live event.
  • Under the new guidelines, programmes of national interest and national importance would be given a 30 minutes time slot for broadcast.
  • Also, no prior permission for live telecast of events would be needed, only prior registration of events to be telecast live would be necessary. A channel can be uplinked by using facilities of more than one teleport/ satellite as against only one teleport/satellite at present.

One-year Work Experience to be Made Mandatory for Govt. Jobs in Goa

  • Goa Chief Minister Pramod Sawant said that one-year work experience would be made "compulsory" for recruitment in state government departments.
  • He said fresh candidates would not be taken directly into government service. Aspirants would have to get experience by working in the private sector before applying for government jobs.
  • Necessary amendments would be made in Recruitment Rules (RRs) to ensure only suitable candidates are selected for vacant posts.
  • Sawant also said that recruitment through the Staff Selection Commission would be made compulsory in the future.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

World Science Day for Peace and Development

  • World Science Day for Peace and Development was proclaimed by the UN Educational, Scientific and UNESCO in 2001 under the UNESCO 31 C/Resolution 20. It is celebrated every year on November 10, around the globe, marking the significance of science in society.
  • It also highlights the need for people around the world to engage in gaining knowledge about science and its relevance in daily lives. World Science Day for Peace and Development aims to keep the general population informed of developments in science. Meanwhile, it also celebrates the role scientists play in the sustainable development of our planet.
  • The theme for World Science Day for Peace and Development 2022 was-'Basic Sciences for Sustainable Development'.
  • In 1999, UNESCO and the International Council for Science organized the first-ever World Scientific Conference in Budapest. At the event, several delegations agreed that there is a need for educating society about science. Here, by unanimous decision, a special day or week was to be dedicated to science. A year later, the UNESCO Executive Body adopted World Science Day for Peace and Development. It was to be commemorated on November 10, worldwide.

World Usability Day

  • World Usability Day is observed annually on the second Thursday in November. In 2022 it was observed on November 10. The purpose of the day is to raise standards so that technology works to harness human potential. The event brings communities together to celebrate how we can make our world easier for all.
  • World Usability Day started as an idea springing from a discussion in the fall of 2004 between two UPA board members, Elizabeth Rosenzweig and Nigel Bevan. They worked together with the UPA board to start World Usability Day and over the years, Elizabeth Rosenzweig kept it running.
  • The day aims at bringing together communities of professional, industrial, educational, citizen, and government groups for the common objective, i.e., to ensure that the services and products important to life are easier to access and simpler to use. The day is all about celebration and education.
  • The theme for World Usability Day 2022 was 'Our Health.'
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Indian-American Professor Receives Amazon Research Award

  • An Indian-American professor of computer science at a university in the US received an Amazon Research Award to design a tool that minimises negative user experiences.
  • Pavithra Prabhakar, who is the Peggy and Gary Edwards chair in engineering, was one of 74 recipients of the awards from Amazon, which also included an unrestricted gift, access to more than 300 Amazon public datasets, and Amazon Web Services' artificial intelligence and machine learning services and tools.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

QS Asia University Rankings 2023 by Quacquarelli Symonds

  • The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay is the top educational institute in South Asia, as per the recently released QS Asia University Rankings 2023. IIT Bombay bagged 40th position in the QS ranking followed by IIT Delhi which secured rank 46. The Asia University Ranking 2023 was released by the international ranking agency - Quacquarelli Symonds.
  • A total of 19 institutes made it to the list of top 200 universities which include IIT Bombay (rank 40), IIT Delhi (rank 46), IISc Bangalore (rank 52), IIT Madras (53), IIT Kharagpur (61), IIT Kanpur (66) University of Delhi (85), IIT Rorkee (114), JNU (119), IIT Guwahati (124), VIT Vellore (173), University of Calcutta (181), Jadavpur University (182), Anna University (185), Chandigarh University (185), IIT Indore (185), BITS Pilani (188), Jamia Millia Islamia (188), and Amity University Noida (200).
  • A total of 118 institutes featured in the list are from India, China- 128, Japan- 106, South Korea- 88. China's Peking University topped the list, the top 10 Asian universities are-National University of Singapore (rank 2), Tsinghua University, Beijing (rank 3), The University of Hong Kong (rank 4), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (rank 5), Fudan University, China (rank 6), Zhejiang University, China (rank 6), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (rank 8), Universiti Malaya (UM), Kuala Lumpur (rank 9), Shanghai Jiao Tong University (rank 10).
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BOOKS AND AUTHORS

"E. K. Janaki Ammal: Life and Scientific Contributions" by Nirmala James

  • Retired school teacher Nirmala James authored a new book titled "E. K. Janaki Ammal: Life and Scientific Contributions", featuring the life and remarkable achievements of Edavalath Kakkat Janaki Ammal (E. K. Janaki Ammal), India's first woman botanist. The book, published by Enview Research and Development, was released during the event organised on the 125th birth anniversary of E. K. Janaki Ammal. She was born on 4th November 1897 in Thalassery, Kerala. The event was organised by the Centre for Biodiversity Conservation (CBC) under the Botany Department, University of Kerala.
  • The book describes how Dr. Janaki Ammal fulfilled her professional dreams despite the gender and caste barriers. She is well known for her work in the areas of cytogenetics and plant breeding.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Second Digital Lok Adalat

  • National Lok Adalat will be held across the country on 12th November this year to dispose off pending cases through settlement. Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution Ministry said that there are about six lakh eight thousand consumer cases pending in the country. It said, considering the benefits of the Lok Adalat system and mutual settlement between parties a large number of consumer cases are expected to be disposed off.

Second Digital Lok Adalat

  • National Lok Adalat will be held across the country on 12th November this year to dispose off pending cases through settlement. Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution Ministry said that there are about six lakh eight thousand consumer cases pending in the country. It said, considering the benefits of the Lok Adalat system and mutual settlement between parties a large number of consumer cases are expected to be disposed off.
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