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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

08 Nov 2022

DAILY G.K. TEST

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ENVIRONMENT

Over 25 Countries Pledge to End Deforestation by 2030

  • More than 25 countries at the COP27 climate talks launched a group they said would ensure they hold each other accountable for a pledge to end deforestation by 2030, and announced billions of dollars to finance their efforts.
  • The first meeting of the Forest and Climate Leaders' Partnership, chaired by Ghana and the United States, took place a year after more than 140 leaders promised at COP26 in Britain to end deforestation by the end of the decade.
  • Progress since has been patchy, with only a few countries instituting more aggressive policies on deforestation and financing.
  • The new group, which includes Japan, Pakistan, the Republic of Congo, the United Kingdom and others, accounts for roughly 35% of the world's forests and aims to meet twice a year to track progress.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

GSMA Appoints Airtel CEO Gopal Vittal as Deputy Chair

  • The GSMA, a global organisation that represents mobile network operators worldwide, elected Gopal Vittal, CEO of Bharti Airtel as Deputy Chair among the newly-elected members, for a two-year term beginning January 1, 2023.
  • Jose Maria Alvarez-Pallete Lopez, CEO of Telefonica Group, will continue to be the Chair at the GSMA.
  • There are 26 members of the GSMA Board, including senior representatives from global mobile operators as well as smaller independent operators.

Tata Motors Becomes India's First to Roll Out 50,000 EVs

  • Tata Passenger Electric Mobility, the EV arm of Tata Motors rolled its 50,000th electric vehicle—a Nexon EV—from its facility in Pune, Maharashtra, becoming the first auto company in India to achieve the feat. The EV market leader, which entered the market in 2020, is now focusing on a three-phased architecture approach for EVs and plans to launch 10 such vehicles in five years.

Renewable Energy Ministry to Continue Bio Energy Programme till 2025-26

  • The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy said that it will continue National Bio Energy Programme till 2025-26 with a budget outlay of Rs 858 crore for the first phase.
  • The programme would aid the use of huge surplus biomass, cattle dung, and industrial and urban bio-waste available in the country for energy recovery.
  • The MNRE continued the National Bioenergy Programme for 2021-22 to 2025-26. The programme was recommended for implementation in two phases.
  • Phase-I was approved with a budget outlay of Rs. 858 crore.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

ISRO Plans to Return to Mars and Work with Japan to Examine the Moon's Dark Side

  • The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) turned its attention to Venus and is collaborating with Japan to examine the moon's dark side, following trips to the moon and Mars. ISRO's next mission at the Akash Tattva conference was that the space agency also intended to send a probe to Mars.
  • A Japanese rocket will launch an ISRO-built lunar lander and rover into orbit with a planned landing site close to the south pole of the moon.
  • The rover will then move to the area of the moon that is always in shadow and never receives sunlight.
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SPORTS

Kohli ICC Player of Month for October

  • Virat Kohli was named the ICC Men's Player of the Month for October following a series of stellar performances during India's charge to the T20 World Cup semi-finals in Australia.
  • Pakistan's veteran all-rounder Nida Dar won the honour in the women's category thanks to her sensational form in their Asia Cup campaign. Dar edged out the Indian duo of Jemimah Rodrigues and Deepti Sharma, who produced impressive displays in the same tournament which their side won.
  • Both Kohli and Dar were declared winners following a global vote conducted among media representatives, ICC Hall of Famers, former international players and registered fans.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Giriraj Singh Unveils Panchayati Raj's Rural Development Agenda Booklet

  • Union Minister for Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Giriraj Singh unveiled the booklet 'Agenda for Members of Panchayati Raj Institutions for Rural Development'. The 'Agenda for Members of Panchayati Raj Institutions for Rural Development" booklet will provide information about all the schemes such as MGNREGA, Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojna- National Rural Livelihood Mission, PM Awas Yojna- Grameen, PM Gram Sadak Yojna, etc. will be available to the representative and the general public.
  • The 'Agenda for Members of Panchayati Raj Institutions for Rural Development' book will be brought in regional languages soon.
  • The Minister said that the booklet will be made available at each Gram Panchayat in the country.
  • The book can form the basis for an informed discussion on the different schemes of the Ministry of Rural Development among members of the Gram Panchayats.
  • This book will help everyone including the elected members of Gram Panchayats in understanding the schemes and their eligibility, which will further strengthen transparency and public participation.

Ujjain to Get World's First Vedic Clock

  • Madhya Pradesh's Ujjain, the city of Mahakal will soon boast the world's first Vedic clock which will be synced with the position of the Sun. After laying the foundation stone at the 300-year-old Jiwaji Observatory in Ujjain, the state Higher Education Minister Mohan Yadav said that through this project, people will become familiar with the Vedic time calculation. The state government has allocated Rs 1.62 crore for this mega project as it is working to restore the ancient glory of Ujjain. The minister said the (Vikramaditya) Vedic clock will be divided into 24 muhurats (hours).
  • This clock will be fixed on the basis of the principles of Vedic time calculation. Changes in the sunrise and sunset at different times in different places in the country and the world will also be synchronised.

Aadhaar Mitra', the New Chatbot from UIDAI

  • The Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) unveiled the new AI/ML chatbot "Aadhaar Mitra" to help residents use the services effectively.
  • It is a chat platform called UIDAI Chatbot that provides quick and automatic responses about Aadhaar and related features. It is accessible at the main page of the UIDAI website and resident portal. Using the blue "Ask Aadhaar" icon, users can begin chatting with the chatbot.
  • Aadhaar Chatbot is well trained on all Aadhaar related topics, features and services. Resident can simply type the query in chatbot and get the desired answers immediately.
  • The chatbot is available in Hindi and English. It also provides the feature of watching related videos on some topics for educating the users.
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DEFENCE

Malabar Naval Drill from November 8

  • The navies of India, the US, Japan and Australia are participating in the 26th edition of Malabar Exercise off the coast of Japan from November 8 to 18.
  • The four-nation exercise will have Indian naval ships INS Shivalik and INS Kamorta and surveillance plane P8-I based out of Yokosuka, Japan. The exercise will witness high-tempo exercises in multiple domains of warfare.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

Education Ministry Plans Grand Celebration of Janjatiya Gaurav Diwas on Nov 15

  • The Ministry of Education will celebrate Janjatiya Gaurav Diwas on November 15 in a grand manner at schools, skill and higher education institutes across the country.
  • To commemorate the contribution of the tribal freedom fighters, the ministry, in association with the AICTE, UGC, Central Universities, Private Universities, other HEIs, CBSE, KVS, NVS and Skilling institutions will celebrate Janjatiya Gaurav Diwas with programmes such as debate competition on the theme 'Contribution of Janjati Heroes in freedom struggle', social activities, etc in the educational institutions across the country.
  • In 2021, the Central Government had declared November 15 as Janjatiya Gaurav Diwas, which is the birth anniversary of Birsa Minda.
  • "Birsa Munda was an iconic freedom fighter, social reformer and revered tribal leader of the country, who fought bravely against the exploitative system of the British colonial government, and became a legendary figure in his lifetime, often referred to as 'Bhagwan'. He organized and led the tribal movement, giving a call for "Ulgulan" (Revolt) to the tribals.

World Radiography Day

  • World Radiography Day is commemorated on November 8, every year, to mark the anniversary of the discovery of X-rays. A procedure that is used so widely is often taken for granted, but this medical marvel has helped the healthcare system discover a myriad of health issues. The day also celebrates the efforts of radiographers and radiologists around the world.
  • Commemorated by the International Society of Radiographers and Radiological Technology, the theme for World Radiography Day 2022 was "Radiographers at the Forefront of Patient Safety".
  • The day is commemorated to mark the anniversary of the discovery of x-rays by Professor Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen of the Wuerzburg University, Germany, in 1895. This was an accidental discovery by Professor Röntgen when he was working with a cathode-ray tube in his laboratory. This scientific breakthrough was extremely well-received.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Uttarakhand Gaurav Samman 2022

  • The Government of Uttarakhand awarded the Uttarakhand Gaurav Samman" award-2022 to NSA Ajit Kumar Doval, Prasoon Joshi, Late General Bipin Rawat (posthumously), Late Girish Chandra Tiwari 'Girda' (posthumously) and Late Viren Dangwal (Posthumously).
  • Every year, the government of Uttarakhand honours individuals with the Uttarakhand Gaurav Samman in recognition of their accomplishments in their various disciplines.
  • The award was constituted in 2021 by Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami. It was constituted on November 9, 2021, on the occasion of the state's 21st anniversary.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

"Aibawk Cluster" in Mizoram Becomes the First Cluster to be Completed under the Shyama Prasad Mukherji Rurban Mission

  • Aibawk cluster in the Aizwal district of Mizoram became the first cluster to be completed under the Shyama Prasad Mukherji Rurban Mission (SPMRM). SPMRM was launched by the Prime Minister in February 2016 with a vision to provide amenities to rural areas which are perceived to be urban and have the potential to stimulate local economic development. Such clusters were selected for well-planned and holistic development.
  • Under the leadership of the Minister of Rural Development, Giriraj Singh, the Aibawk Rurban cluster completed all the 48 projects planned under SPMRM. Spread over an area of 522 sq. km across 11 villages and covering a population of 10,963, the Aibawk cluster has the locational advantage due to its proximity to Aizwal City. Focussed efforts to improve the value chain and develop market access have been made under the Mission. Works undertaken to improve market access includes the construction of agri-link road, pedestrian footpaths, and inter-village road connectivity projects etc. Other interventions include the promotion of agriculture & allied activities and eco-tourism. Special efforts were made to conserve the local environment and sites of historical importance to encourage tourism.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

Lab-grown Blood Given to People in World-first Clinical Trial

  • Scientists in the UK have infused blood cells grown in a laboratory into people in the first such clinical trial in the world.
  • If proven safe and effective, manufactured blood cells could in time revolutionise treatments for people with blood disorders such as sickle cell and rare blood types.
  • It can be difficult to find enough well-matched donated blood for some people with these disorders.
  • The team, including researchers from the University of Cambridge in the UK, said the blood cells were grown from stem cells from donors. The red cells were then transfused into healthy volunteers.
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ART AND CULTURE

Mysterious 15th-century Rock Carvings Dot Kalajhari Hills in Tripura

  • Devtamura, a nondescript place in Tripura where panels of 15th-century rock carvings exist on the steep slopes of a hill along the banks of the Gomati River, is poised to welcome tourists, thanks to an initiative of the state government.
  • The carvings have 37 sculptures of Hindu deities like Shiva, Ganesha, Kartikeya, Mahishasur Mardini, and Durga on the Kalajhari Hills.
  • It is not known who carved the figures of gods and goddesses in this remote place inhabited by Jamatiya and Reang tribes.
  • The chiselled wonder also known as Chabimura, 75 km from the state capital Agartala, had been pushed to obscurity by decades-old insurgency and a lack of proper infrastructures like roads and accommodation facilities.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

LTC Scheme Aims at Familiarising Government Employees with Indian Culture, cannot be Availed for Foreign Trips

  • The Supreme Court ruled that the basic objective of the leave travel concession (LTC) scheme was to acquaint civil servants and government employees with the Indian culture by facilitating their travel across the country, not to conduct foreign trips or long circuitous trips.
  • The Bench of Chief Justice U.U. Lalit, Justice S. Ravindra Bhat and Justice Sudhanshu Dhulia passed the order, while rejecting a petition filed by the State Bank of India (SBI) against the Delhi High Court order of January 13, 2020.
  • The High Court had upheld the findings of the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT), noting that the amount received by the employees of SBI towards their LTC claims was not liable for exemption as these employees had visited foreign countries, which was not permissible under the law.
  • The Apex Court also upheld the High Court order and said that under the LTC scheme, payment made to an employee was exempted as 'income' and hence, it could not be brought under any tax, however, the same should be claimed within the framework of law.
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