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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

07 Sep 2022

DAILY G.K. TEST

Start Test

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Queen Elizabeth II Appoints Liz Truss as Britain's New Prime Minister

  • Conservative Party leader Liz Truss was formally appointed as Britain's new Prime Minister by Queen Elizabeth II, becoming the third female Premier of the country.
  • Truss travelled to the 96-year-old monarch's Balmoral Castle residence in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, to meet the Queen who formally asked her to form a new government.
  • Earlier, Boris Johnson formally resigned as the head of the UK government in an audience with the Queen.
  • Truss is the 15th Prime Minister to serve during Queen Elizabeth II's reign, the first being Winston Churchill in 1952.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

HAL-L&T Consortium Bags Rs. 860 crore Contract for PSLV

  • A space consortium formed by Hindustan Aeronautics (HAL) and Larsen & Toubro (L&T) was awarded a Rs. 860-crore contract for the next five Polar Satellite Launch Vehicles (PSLVs), pointing to the healthy growth and consolidation of the domestic space and satellite launch industry.
  • The HAL-L&T consortium bagged a Rs. 860-crore contract for end-to-end realisation of five PSLVs over a period of four years from NewsSpace India (NSIL)".

28th Edition of Status Report on India's External Debt 2021-22

  • The External Debt Management Unit (EDMU) in the Department of economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, released 28th edition of the Status Report on India's External Debt 2021-22. India's external debt, at US$ 620.7 billion as at end-March 2022, grew by 8.2 per cent over US$ 573.7 billon as at end-March 2021. While 53.2 per cent of it was denominated in US dollar, Indian rupee denominated debt, estimated at 31.2 per cent, was the second largest. External debt as a ratio to GDP fell marginally to 19.9 per cent as at end-March 2022 from 21.2 per cent a year ago. Foreign currency reserves as a ratio to external debt stood slightly lower at 97.8 per cent as at end-March 2022 than 100.6 per cent a year ago.
  • The long-term debt estimated at US$ 499.1 billion, constituted the largest chunk of 80.4 per cent, while the short-term debt, at US$ 121.7 billion, accounted for 19.6 per cent of the total.

IndiGo's New CEO Pieter Elbers Takes Over

  • Pieter Elbers took over as the new Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of IndiGo.
  • Elbers, who spent three decades at KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, replaced Ronojoy Dutta at the top post.
  • At present, IndiGo commands over half of the domestic market share. With 276 aircraft and over 1,500 daily flights, it is also among the largest airlines in the world.
  • Elbers started his aviation career as an aircraft loading manager at KLM in 1992 and went on to become its CEO in 2014. He is credited with turning KLM into a financially healthy and innovative airline. In June, at his farewell, the Dutch king accorded him the title of 'Commander in the Order of Orange-Nassau' for his "binding capacity and decisiveness".
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

ISRO Demonstrates New Tech that Can be Used for Mars, Venus Missions

  • ISRO successfully demonstrated a new technology with Inflatable Aerodynamic Decelerator (IAD) that it said is a game-changer with multiple applications for future missions including to Mars and Venus.
  • An IAD, designed and developed by ISRO's Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), was successfully test flown in a 'Rohini' sounding rocket from Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS).
  • This is the first time that an IAD is designed specifically for spent stage recovery. All the objectives of the mission were successfully demonstrated.
  • "The IAD has huge potential in variety of space applications like recovery of spent stages of rocket, for landing payloads on to Mars or Venus and in making space habitat for human space flight missions.
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SPORTS

Suresh Raina Announces Retirement from all Forms of Cricket

  • Suresh Raina announced his retirement from all forms of cricket, including the Indian Premier League. Raina, who was an integral part of four-time IPL champions Chennai Super Kings, went unsold in the auction earlier in 2022.
  • The left-handed batter was a permanent fixture in the Indian team for many years and was part of the 2011 World Cup winning side as well. Raina has represented India in all three formats of the game, but his contributions to white-ball cricket stand out.
  • In 226 ODI matches for the nation, the left-handed batter scored 5615 runs at an average of 35.31 with his highest score being 116 not out. When it comes to T20Is, Raina played 78 matches and scored 1065 runs. He was also the first Indian player to score a century in the shortest format of the game.
  • Raina had retired from international cricket on August 15, 2020 - the same day when MS Dhoni announced his retirement as an India cricketer.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat Top States in Implementing Poshan Abhiyaan Scheme

  • In a to a Niti Aayog report, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Gujarat were ranked as the top three states among larger states in terms of the overall implementation of the Centre's flagship Poshan Abhiyaan.
  • Sikkim was the best performer among the small states.
  • As per the report titled 'Preserving Progress on Nutrition in India: Poshan Abhiyan in Pandemic Times' 12 out of 19 large states had an implementation score of over 70 per cent.
  • While Dadar and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu topped among Union Territories (UTs), Punjab and Bihar were the lowest performers among larger states in terms of the overall implementation of Poshan Abhiyaan, as per the government think tank report.
  • It pointed out that only 17 states and UTs had more than 75 per cent of children 12-23 months of age who were fully immunised, while 11 states and UTs had less than 25 per cent fully immunised children.

India, Bangladesh Sign Deal on Water Sharing, Six other Treaties

  • India and Bangladesh signed a deal on withdrawing water from the Kushiara River in Assam and six other treaties as their leaders spoke of shared cultural traditions and solving issues through clear discussions.
  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Bangladesh leader Sheikh Hasina signed the agreements in Delhi. The agreements include a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on training Bangladeshi personnel in Indian Railways institutes and collaboration in Information Technology (IT) systems for freight operations. The countries signed MoUs on training programmes for Bangladeshi judicial officers in India, scientific and technological cooperation, technology and the public television sector.

Sanjay Kumar Verma Appointed High Commissioner to Canada

  • Seasoned diplomat Sanjay Kumar Verma was appointed as India's next High Commissioner to Canada, while Amit Kumar, currently Consulate General of India in Chicago, was named as the next ambassador to the Republic of Korea.
  • Verma, a 1988-batch IFS officer and presently India's Ambassador to Japan, is expected to take up the assignment shortly. Verma succeeds Acting High Commissioner Anshuman Gaur.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Karnataka Minister Umesh Katti Passes Away

  • Forest, Food & Civil Supplies Minister Umesh Katti, the swaggering BJP leader who dreamt of statehood for north Karnataka, died following a cardiac arrest.
  • Born in Belladbagewadi in Hukkeri taluk of Belagavi, Katti was an eight-time MLA representing Hukkeri constituency after entering politics to fill the shoes of his father Vishwanath Katti in 1985.
  • In the past, Katti served as a minister in the cabinets headed by J. H. Patel, B. S. Yediyurappa, D. V. Sadananda Gowda and Jagadish Shettar. He had expressed chief ministerial ambitions. With Katti's demise, the BJP has lost a big leader in Belagavi, which is arguably Karnataka's most politically significant district.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

Independence Day of Brazil

  • The Independence Day of Brazil commonly called Sete de Setembro, is a national holiday observed in Brazil on 7 September of every year. The date celebrates Brazil's Declaration of Independence from the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves on 7 September 1822.
  • On 2 September 1822, a new decree with Lisbon's demands arrived in Rio de Janeiro, while Prince Pedro was in São Paulo. Princess Maria Leopoldina, acting as Princess Regent, met with the Council of Ministers and decided to send her husband a letter advising him to proclaim Brazil's independence. The letter reached Prince Pedro on 7 September 1822. That same day, in a famous scene at the shore of the Ipiranga River, he declared the country's independence, ending 322 years of colonial dominance of Portugal over Brazil.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Tamil Nadu Government Launches Pudhumai Penn for Girl Students

  • Chief Minister M. K. Stalin launched the 'Pudhumai Penn' (modern woman) scheme under which all girl students, who studied from Classes 6 to 12 in government schools, would get Rs. 1,000 per month to pursue higher education.
  • Joining Stalin at the event held at Bharathi Women's College in Chennai, his Delhi counterpart Arvind Kejriwal launched 26 Schools of Excellence and 15 Model Schools.
  • Stalin said under the Pudhumai Penn scheme, money will be directly transferred to the bank accounts of students to ensure that they do not face any difficulty in pursuing education. "The scheme will reduce child marriages and would make women independent.
  • The scheme aims to benefit six lakh girls every year and Rs. 698 crore was allocated in the budget for its implementation.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

DCGI Gives Nod to India's First Intranasal Covid Vaccine for Restricted Emergency Use

  • Bharat Biotech's intranasal Covid vaccine received official approval from the Drugs Controller General of India (DCGI) for restricted emergency use in those aged above 18 years.
  • This is India's first nasal vaccine for Covid-19.
  • The Hyderabad-based firm completed clinical trials of the nasal vaccine with about 4,000 volunteers and there are no side effects or adverse reactions reported so far.

IIT Roorkee Joins Hands with Imarticus Learning to Launch Advanced Certification Programme in Cybersecurity

  • To upskilling recent graduates and working professionals, Imarticus Learning, India's front-running professional education firm, along with IIT Roorkee launched the 4th batch of the Advanced Certification Programme in Cybersecurity.
  • This 6-month online programme is designed in collaboration with CEC, IIT Roorkee and industry stalwarts, and intends to offer the best learning outcome for aspiring Cybersecurity professionals. Overall, the programme will cover multiple cyber security processes and tools ranging from ethical hacking to incident handling.

First 'Made in India' Cervical Cancer Vaccine

  • The Central government launched India first vaccine against cervical cancer--Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus vaccine (qHPV), developed by the Serum Institute of India (SII) and the Department of Biotechnology (DBT). According to the Serum Institute, the vaccine is likely to cost 200-400 per dose.
  • As per Adar Poonawalla, CEO, Serum Institute, production would start by November and December and final decision on rates will be discussed with the government.
  • Jitendra Singh, Union Minister of Science and Technology launched India's first indigenously developed vaccine, "CERVAVAC" for the prevention of cervical cancer.
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

Flipkart Forays into Hospitality Sector

  • Homegrown e-commerce marketplace Flipkart forayed into the hospitality sector with the launch of a new hotel-booking feature -- Flipkart Hotels -- on its platform to bolster its offerings in the travel sector.
  • The platform said Flipkart Hotels will allow customers to book hotel rooms across 3 lakh domestic and international hotels. Backed by Cleartrip's API, Flipkart Hotels will benefit from Cleartrip's deep understanding of travel customers and sectors.
  • With the launch of hotel services, Flipkart aims to offer its customers a host of affordable benefits, including flexible travel and booking-related policies, easy EMI options, etc to make travel affordable, and budget-friendly options, among others.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

Supreme Court Issues Notice to Centre on Scrapped Section 66A of IT Act Being Used in FIRs, Arrests

  • The Supreme Court issued notice to the Central Government on a petition alleging that the scrapped Section 66A of the Information Technology Act, 2000 was still being used in filing of FIRs and making arrests across the country.
  • A Bench of Chief Justice U.U. Lalit and Justice Ravindra Bhat directed the Union Government to get in touch with Chief Secretaries of states, where cases under Section 66A of IT Act were still being registered and impress upon them to take remedial measures.
  • The Apex Court granted the Centre three weeks time to complete the whole exercise.
  • The notice was issued on a petition seeking directions to implement the verdict in Shreya Singhal vs Union of India, which declared Section 66A of the IT Act as unconstitutional.
  • Section 66A granted wide powers of arrest to the government for 'grossly offensive' or 'menacing' information shared online. The same was struck down by the Supreme Court in 2015 for violating the right to freedom of speech and expression.

Govt. Extends Tenure of the Company Law Committee by One Year

  • The government extended the tenure of the Company Law Committee, which was constituted in 2019, by one year.
  • The term of the panel which was set up by the corporate affairs ministry in September 2019, was extended last year also.
  • The committee has the mandate for examining and making recommendations to the government on various issues related to implementation of the Companies Act and Limited Liability Partnership Act.
  • Currently, the 11-member committee is chaired by Corporate Affairs Secretary Rajesh Verma.
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