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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

18 Aug 2022

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

India's IT Secretary Alkesh Kumar Sharma Appointed to high-level UN Internet Panel

  • UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres appointed India's Electronics and Information Technology Secretary Alkesh Kumar Sharma to a panel of eminent experts on internet governance.
  • Internet pioneer Vint Cerf and Nobel Prize-winning journalist Maria Reesa were also appointed to the 10-member Internet Governance Forum (IGF) Leadership Panel.
  • The panel was set up under the mandate of the IGF and the recommendations in Guterres's Roadmap for Digital Cooperation.
  • The panel's role is to deal with "strategic and urgent issues" of the Internet and provide strategic advice to the IGF.
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ENVIRONMENT

Delhi Tops List of World's most Polluted Cities

  • Delhi and Kolkata are the two most polluted cities in the world in terms of average annual population-weighted PM 2.5 exposure, according to a new report, Air Pollution and Health in Cities, released by the Health Effects Institute's (HEI) State of Global Air Initiative.
  • Mumbai was ranked 14th. No other Indian city features in the top 20. In terms of the highest disease burden from a PM 2.5-related ailment, though, Beijing, with 124 attributable deaths per 100,000 people was the worst. Delhi came in at 6th, with 106 deaths per 100,000 and Kolkata at 8th with 99. Five Chinese cities were in the top 20.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Centre Appoints Rajkiran Rai as NaBFID Managing Director

  • The Centre and the board of National Bank for Financing Infrastructure and Development (NaBFID) appointed Rajkiran Rai G as its Managing Director (MD).
  • After the Financial Services Institutions Bureau (FSIB) recommended Rai's name for the top job at the government-backed development finance institution (DFI), the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and central government agencies gave their nod for the recommended candidate. The board of NaBFID approved Rai's appointment based on clearance by the RBI, centre and the DFI's nomination and remuneration committee.

ONGC Inks Agreement with ExxonMobil for Deepwater Exploration in India

  • Indian oil explorer and producer Oil and Natural Gas Corp signed a Heads of Agreement (HoA) with global petroleum giant ExxonMobil Corp for deep water exploration in India's East and West coasts.
  • The Heads of Agreement document was signed in the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas by Rajesh Kumar Srivastava, Director (Exploration), ONGC and Monte K Dobson, CEO & Lead Country Manager, ExxonMobil India in the presence of Pankaj Jain, Secretary, Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas.
  • The collaboration areas focus on the Krishna Godavari and Cauvery Basins in the eastern offshore and the Kutch-Mumbai region in the western offshore.

Japanese Lender MUFG Bank Commences Operations from GIFT City

  • Japanese lender MUFG Bank began operations from Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT City) in India.
  • In May 2022, MUFG had received approval from the International Financial Services Centres Authority in India and the Financial Services Agency of Japan for the opening of this branch office in Gujarat.
  • MUFG opened its first branch in 1953 in Mumbai and with the latest one at GIFT City, its total number of branches reached six. The other centres are New Delhi, Chennai, Bengaluru and Neemrana.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Tasmanian Tiger: Scientists Hope to Revive Marsupial from Extinction

  • The Tasmanian tiger has been extinct since 1936. But, chances are, it won't remain extinct for too long. Scientists from the US and Australia are embarking on a multi-million dollar project to bring the animal back. The researchers say that the tiger can be brought back using stem cells and gene-editing technology. According to them, the creature officially known as a thylacine could be reintroduced to the wild in 10 years.
  • The scientists plan to recreate the creature by taking stem cells from a living marsupial species with similar DNA and then using gene-editing technology to "bring back" the extinct species. If successful, they will create an animal of extremely close approximation of the thylacine. The revival of the Tasmanian tiger would mark the first de-extinction event in history.
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SPORTS

Azlan Shah Cup in Ipoh, Malaysia from November 16-25, 2022

  • Malaysia's premier men's hockey tournament, the Sultan Azlan Shah Cup 2022 will be held from November 16 to 25 in Ipoh. The tournament is making a return after a two-year due to the Covid-19 pandemic. World No. 1 Australia, fifth-ranked Germany, India, New Zealand, and Canada have been invited to the tournament. All matches will be played at the Azlan Shah Stadium in the city of Ipoh in Malaysia, which is the permanent venue of the Sultan Azlan Shah Cup.
  • Last time the Azlan Shah tournament was held in 2019 which was won by South Korea beating India in the final, which was there 3rd title.
  • The Sultan Azlan Shah Cup has been an annual feature in the FIH calendar since 1998, although it initially started life in 1983 as a biennial event. The event is named after legendary hockey fan and former FIH Executive Board Member HRH Sultan Azlan Shah. The Sultan Azlan Shah Cup has been part of the International Hockey Federation's (FIH) calendar every year since 2003.

Asia's Oldest Football Tournament - Durand Cup Begins

  • Durand Cup began. The 131st edition of Asia's oldest football tournament the Durand Cup kicked off. The inaugural match was held at the Khuman Lampak Stadium in Imphal.
  • West Bengal, Assam, and Manipur are hosting the Durand Cup 2022.
  • Out of 20 teams, 11 teams will be from various clubs that play Indian Super League, five teams from I-league, and four teams from Armed Forces.
  • The former Foreign Secretary of British India, Mortimer Durand founded the Durand Cup in 1888. The Durand Cup was initially played only by the Armed services but in later years, the game was officially made open for the Professional Football Clubs. The Durand Cup is annually organized by the Durand Cup Football Tournament in association with the All India Football Federation (AIFF). The winner of the tournament is facilitated with three trophies, the Durand Cup, the President's Cup, and the Shimla Trophy.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Medicine from Sky: Arunachal Gets Drone-based Healthcare Services

  • Arunachal Pradesh successfully launched the first flight of drone service - 'medicine from the sky' from Seppa to Chayang Tajo in East Kameng district.
  • Chief Minister Pema Khandu said "Drone Services Launched: Guided by the vision of Prime Minister Narendra Modi to make India the world's drone hub, the government of Arunachal Pradesh has decided to conduct a pilot project of using drones in healthcare, agriculture and disaster management in collaboration with the World Economic Forum (WEF)".
  • The pilot project funded by USAID and executed by Redwings Labs shall provide a clear picture on operational issues, financial feasibility and regulatory issues, based on which our govt shall make a policy and take steps for phased adoption of this emerging technology.

Shivraj Chouhan, Gadkari Dropped from BJP Parliamentary Board

  • The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) reconstituted its top decision-making body, the parliamentary board, dropping Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan and Union Minister Nitin Gadkari.
  • Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath, Assam CM Himanta Biswa Sarma and Maharashtra's Deputy CM Devendra Fadnavis — the three mass leaders of the BJP who were widely expected to make it to the top body – were also left out.
  • However, Fadnavis has been made a member of the party's Central Election Committee which selects candidates during Lok Sabha and Assembly elections.
  • Chaired by BJP president JP Nadda, the newly constituted board has 11 leaders, including Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Union Home Minister Amit Shah, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, Union Minister and former Assam CM Sarbanand Sonowal and former Karnataka CM B.S. Yediyurappa.
  • Telangana BJP leader K Laxman, Iqbal Singh Lalpura from Punjab, Sudha Yadav from Haryana, Satyanarayan Jatiya from Madhya Pradesh and BJP national general secretary (organization) BL Santosh are also part of the parliamentary board. Santosh, who is from Karnataka, was named the board's secretary.

Govt. Extends Tenure of DCGI Chief V.G. Somani by Three Months

  • The Centre extended the tenure of Drug Controller General of India V. G. Somani by three months. His term was set to end on 14 August 2022.
  • During the pandemic, the incumbent DCGI played a key role from approval of covid-19 vaccines to approval of lifesaving drugs and ensuring its quality in combatting the covid-19 pandemic.
  • The union government is looking for a new candidate for the post of DCGI which works to ensure the quality of drugs and cosmetics sold in the country gives approval for new drugs and regulates clinical trials.
  • In 2019, the government had appointed Somani as DCGI for a period of three years to head India's apex drug regulatory agency Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO).
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

IIT Madras Launches 'Centre for Indian Knowledge Systems'

  • The Department of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, launched a Centre for Indian Knowledge Systems. It would focus on a deeper study of mathematics and astronomy in India; architectural engineering (including vastu and silpa sastra); Indian political and economic thought; and Indian aesthetics grammatical traditions.
  • Aditya Kolachana is the Centre's principal investigator. The faculty members include Arun Menon; Manu Santhanam; Santosh Kumar Sahu; Sudarsan Padmanabhan; Rajesh Kumar; and Jyotirmaya Tripathy. The Indian Knowledge Systems Division of the Union Education Ministry is funding the Centre.
  • The Centre is aimed at publishing quality research into Indian knowledge systems by involving researchers and scholars from outside and disseminate the findings. It will offer IIT students courses on the thematic areas and subsequently on the NPTEL platform.

MP's Tribal-dominated Mandla Becomes Country's First Fully 'Functionally Literate' District

  • Madhya Pradesh's city Mandla, which is a tribal-dominated region became India's first fully 'functionally literate' district.
  • As per reports, the district administration launched a campaign in 2020 to make the residents fully literate. For the purpose, the administration employed the education, and women and child development departments along with social workers to educate the people.
  • Within two years, the entire district has become functionally literate, the collector added, claiming that people were able to write their names, count and read, making Mandla the first district in the country to achieve this distinction.

Centre Launches Paalan 1000 National Campaign to Reduce Child Mortality

  • The Indian government launched a new campaign to reduce child mortality, including an app. Union Minister of State for Health Bharati Pravin Pawar virtually launched the Paalan 1000 National Campaign and Parenting App in Mumbai.
  • India has taken rapid strides in reducing child mortality since 2014 - when it was 45 per 1000 live births - to 35 per 1000 live births in 2019.
  • The campaign is on the fact that the first 1000 days of a child's life is when a platform is established for its physical, mental, emotional, cognitive and social health.
  • 'Paalan 1000 - Journey of the First 1000 Days' focuses on the cognitive developments of children in the first two years of its life, while the companion app will provide the caregiver with practical advice.
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

Eco and Sustainable Tourism: Kashmir's First Eco- village, with Mud Cottages for Tourists

  • Sagg Eco village in central Kashmir's Ganderbal region offers a completely different experience for travellers wanting a tranquil, pleasant stay in a natural environment away from lavish hotel alternatives as the rest of the globe embraces appealing and sustainable tourist enterprises. This 1.5-acre "eco-village," which claims to be encouraging "eco-tourism and sustainable tourism" in Kashmir, has traditional mud houses for guests to stay in as well as an organic garden for fresh vegetables.
  • Sagg's creator, Fayaz Ahmad Dar, said that his eco-hamlet was reminiscent of old-world Kashmir. "Along with hosting getaways, Sagg offers residential and educational camps for students, workshops and training facilities, and even consultation services for people interested in building sustainable and environmental friendly settings.
  • The village guarantees strict adherence to the "zero-waste philosophy" while providing a distinctive experience to residents and visitors. "Sagg is altogether a different experience, as the place is filled with peace, from the chirping of birds to the alluring aroma of flowers and trees.
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LAW AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS

'Some Leaders Make Promises Yet Aren't Elected': On Freebies, SC Points to Schemes for 'Dignity of Living'

  • The Supreme Court heard the plea related to the 'freebies' case and said that it has to be defined what freebie is, adding that there are schemes like Centre's MNREGA that give dignity of living.
  • The top court was hearing a PIL filed by lawyer Ashwini Upadhyay, which opposes the practice of political parties promising freebies during elections and seeks the Election Commission to invoke its powers to freeze their election symbols and cancel their registration.
  • "There are schemes like MNREGA which gives dignity of living. I don't think promises alone are not the bases of parties being elected solely. Some make promises and even then they are not elected," said CJI N. V. Ramana who is heading the bench hearing the case.
  • Earlier this month, Centre told the Supreme Court that distribution of freebies inevitably leads to "future economic disaster".
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