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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

01 Feb 2022

DAILY G.K. TEST

Start Test

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Sri Lanka's Inflation Rate Accelerates to Asia's Fastest

  • Sri Lanka's inflation rate surged past Pakistan to make it the fastest in Asia, stoked by failed harvests, import restrictions to conserve dwindling foreign-exchange reserves, and high global prices of key commodities.
  • Consumer prices rose 14.2 per cent in January from a year earlier, faster than the median estimate of 13.2 per cent in a Bloomberg survey. The average annual inflation rate rose to 6.9 per cent.
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ENVIRONMENT

India's First Geo Park to Come Up In Madhya Pradesh

  • The Geological Survey of India (GSI) approved the setting up of the country's first geo park at Lamheta village on the banks of the Narmada River in Jabalpur district of Madhya Pradesh.
  • The estimated cost of this project is Rs. 35 crore and there is a provision to sanction additional funds if required, as the area around the upcoming geo park will be developed.
  • A geopark is a unified area that advances the protection and use of geological heritage in a sustainable way and promotes the economic well-being of the people who live there.
  • This site is already there in the UNESCO geo-heritage tentative list for the conservation of the natural heritage. Several dinosaur fossils had been found in the Narmada valley, particularly in the Bhedaghat-Lameta Ghat area of Jabalpur.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Maharashtra has Highest Number of SC Entrepreneurs

  • Maharashtra topped India's list in the number of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME) owned by entrepreneurs from the Scheduled Castes with as many as 96,805 enterprises. Tamil Nadu with 42,997 enterprises and Rajasthan with 38,517 units occupy the second and third slots, according to the data furnished by the Office of the Development Commissioner in the Union Ministry of MSME.
  • The fourth, fifth and sixth slots belong to Uttar Pradesh (36,913 units), Karnataka (28,803 enterprises) and Punjab (24,503 units) respectively. Generally, the proportion of enterprises owned by Scheduled Caste entrepreneurs in the overall national tally of MSMEs is 6%.

Tata Group Acquires Neelachal Ispat Nigam Ltd

  • Tata Group company, Tata Steel Long Products Ltd (TSLP) acquired Odisha-based Neelachal Ispat Nigam Ltd (NINL) for Rs. 12,100 crore. Neelachal Ispat Nigam Ltd (NINL) is a steel plant located in Kalinganagar in Odisha and was shut in March 2020 due to continued losses. It has a capacity of 1.1 million tonnes a year. This is the 1st instance of privatisation of a public sector steel manufacturing enterprise in India.
  • NINL is a joint venture of four central public sector companies — Minerals and Metals Trading Corporation (MMTC), National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC), Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) and MECON — and Odisha government entities OMC and IPICOL. NINL's plant has been shut since March 2020. The Odisha government has 32.47 per cent stake in NINL through IPICOL and OMC, whereas the MMTC holds the 49.78 per cent share.

Sithraman Presents Union Budget

  • Budget 2022 was the second paperless Budget of the government and the fourth straight Budget of Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman. The budget has always remained an intriguing subject because of the secrecy that is maintained in the long process of preparing it and also because of the interesting trivia associated with it.
  • The first Budget was introduced in India on April 7, 1860, when Scottish economist and politician James Wilson from East India Company presented it to the British Crown.
  • The first Budget of Independent India was presented on November 26, 1947, by then finance minister R. K. Shanmukham Chetty.
  • Nirmala Sitharaman holds the record for delivering the longest speech when she spoke for 2 hours and 42 minutes while presenting the Union Budget 2020-21 on February 1, 2020. With two pages still remaining, she had to cut short her speech as she felt unwell.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

SpaceX launches Italian Earth-observation Satellite

  • SpaceX launched the Italian Earth-observation satellite after scrubbing the scheduled liftoff for the fourth time in a row. The latest call-off was due to the presence of a ship in the "no-go zone" at Cape Canaveral ahead of the launch.
  • The Constellation of Small Satellites for the Mediterranean basin Observation (COSMO)-SkyMed Second Generation (CSG) is the follow-on mission to COSMO-SkyMed (CSK) satellite, which will monitor the Earth and provide data risk management, cartography, forest & environment protection, natural resources exploration, land management, defence and security, maritime surveillance, food & agriculture management. The system consists of two satellites, which are designed to observe Earth using synthetic aperture radar (SAR).

Massive Gas Giant Found Circling TOI-2180

  • A team of professional astronomers and citizen scientists discovered a giant exoplanet orbiting the G5-type star TOI-2180.
  • TOI-2180 is a bright, slightly evolved G5 star about 380 light-years away in the constellation of Draco.
  • Otherwise known as TIC 298663873, HD 238894 or SAO 31031, it hosts at least one planet.
  • Named TOI-2180b, the alien world has the same diameter as Jupiter, but is 2.8 times more massive.
  • TOI-2180b is special because it takes 260.8 days to complete a journey around its star, a relatively long time compared to many known gas giants outside our Solar System.
  • The planet also contains 105 times the mass of Earth in elements heavier than helium and hydrogen.
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SPORTS

Sreejesh Becomes Second Indian to Win World Games Athlete of the Year Award

  • Veteran India hockey goalkeeper P. R. Srejeesh won the prestigious World Games Athlete of the Year for his 2021 performances, becoming only the second Indian to receive the accolade.
  • In 2020, Indian women's hockey captain Rani Rampal became the first Indian to win the honour for her performances in 2019.
  • Sreejsh beat competition from sport climber Alberto Gins Lpez of Spain and Italy's wushu player Michele Giordano for the award.

Sixth Pan America Women Cup Hockey Championship

  • Argentina defeated Chile, 4-2 to win its 6th women's field hockey championship title at the 2022 Women's Pan American Cup. The Women's Pan American Cup is the quadrennial international championship of the Americas organized by the Pan American Hockey Federation.
  • The 2022 Women's Pan Am Cup was the sixth edition of the championship. It was held from January 19 to 29, 2022 in Santiago, Chile. With this win both Argentina and Chile have sealed automatic qualification spots at the FIH Hockey Women's World Cup, Spain and Netherlands 2022.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Andhra Pradesh Brings in Ordinance to Raise Retirement Age of Govt. Employees

  • The Andhra Pradesh government enhanced the retirement age for its employees by two years to 62. Governor Biswabhusan Harichandan promulgated the AP Public Employment (Regulation of Age of Superannuation) (Amendment) Ordinance, 2022 to this effect.
  • On January 21, the state Cabinet approved the proposal to amend the AP Public Employment (Regulation of Age of Superannuation) Act, 1984 in line with the announcement made by Chief Minister Y S Jagan Mohan Reddy.
  • The amendment to the Act would come into effect from January 1, 2022.
  • The Act was previously amended in 2014 increasing the retirement age from 58 to 60 years.

SC Collegium Recommends Justice Munishwar Bhandari as Madras High Court CJ

  • The Supreme Court collegium headed by Chief Justice N. V. Ramana recommended to the Centre that Justice Munishwar Nath Bhandari be appointed as the Chief Justice of the Madras High Court.
  • The collegium, which also comprised senior most judges Justices U. U. Lalit and A. M. Khanwilkar, held deliberations on December 14, 2021 and January 29, 2022, recommended 17 names for appointment as judges in Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Orissa High Courts.
  • Justice Bhandari, whose parent High Court is the Rajasthan HC, has been serving as the Acting Chief Justice of the Madras High Court.

India and Russia Agree to Deepen Cooperation at the UN Security Council

  • India and Russia agreed to deepen cooperation at the UN Security Council after the two sides held wide-ranging talks on issues before the global body.
  • Russia is set to assume the presidency of the UN Security Council in February.
  • The two sides held bilateral consultations on UN-related issues at a meeting in Delhi.
  • The Indian delegation was led by Reenat Sandhu, Secretary (West) in the MEA, while the Russian delegation was led by Ambassador Sergey Vasilyevich Vershinin, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs.
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DEFENCE

Lt Gen Pande Takes Charge as Army Vice Chief

  • The Indian Army got a new Vice Chief, besides new Northern Army Command and Eastern Command chiefs.
  • Lt Gen Manoj Pande, Eastern Army Commander, moved to the Army Headquarters as the new Vice Chief of the Army.
  • Lt Gen YK Joshi, the Northern Army Commander and one of the senior-most generals after the Army Chief, superannuated. Lt Gen Upendra Dwivedi took over as the new Northern Army Commander.
  • Lieutenant General R. P. Kalita was appointed as the new Eastern Army Command chief in Kolkata.
  • Lt Gen Joshi, who retired, is one of heroes of the Kargil conflict. Then a Lt Col, he was commanding the 13 battalion of the J&K Rifles. The battalion captured Point 5140, that is at a height of 16,863 ft and the highest occupied point on the Tololing ridge facing Gilgit Baltistan in Pakistan.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Additional Solicitor General Rupinder Singh Suri Passes Away

  • Senior advocate and Additional Solicitor General (ASG) Rupinder Singh Suri died.
  • Suri was appointed the ASG in June 2020.
  • Suri was designated as senior advocate in 2009 and also served as the president of the Supreme Court Bar Association and the Supreme Court Advocates on Record Association.
  • He served as standing counsel in the Supreme Court for Punjab for about 15 years.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

Indian Coast Guard Day

  • The Indian Coast Guard (ICG) celebrated its 46th Raising Day on February 1. From just seven surface platforms in 1978, the ICG has grown into a formidable force with 158 ships and 70 aircraft in its inventory and is likely to achieve targeted force levels of 200 surface platforms and 80 aircraft by 2025.
  • As the fourth largest Coast Guard in the world, it has played a significant role in securing the Indian coasts and enforcing regulations in the maritime zones of India.
  • One of the primary duties of the Indian Coast Guard is prevention of smuggling along maritime routes in its area of responsibility.
  • The Indian Coast Guard was created on February 1, 1977, as an interim body, to patrol the coastal areas and prevent smuggling activities. The maritime agency was then formally established the following year as per the Coast Guard Act. The Indian Navy was established on January 26, 1950, as a naval branch of the Indian Armed Forces.

NPCI Announces UPI Safety and Awareness Week

  • National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) and the UPI ecosystem (comprising of leading banks and fintechs) have announced the UPI Safety and Awareness initiative, to create awareness amongst consumers. Under this initiative, NPCI and the UPI ecosystem is being observe from February 1-7 as 'UPI Safety and Awareness Week' and the whole of February as 'UPI Safety and Awareness Month'.
  • NPCI urged users to follow the concept of UPI Safety Shield which mentions 5 tips for safe UPI transactions. With an aim to create awareness amongst consumers, National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) and the UPI ecosystem have announced the UPI Safety and Awareness initiative.
  • Under this programme, NPCI urges all the customers to follow the concept of UPI Safety Shield, which the company has derived to educate customers all about UPI payments. The UPI Safety and Awareness initiative will help vulnerable and first-time customers in overcoming their fears of adopting digital payments and guide them to pursue safe payments on the UPI platform.
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GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Govt. Extends ECLGS till March 2023; Includes Hospitality Sector

  • The Centre extended the Emergency Credit Line Guarantee Scheme (ECLGS) by one year to March 2023, and allowed the hospitality sector to avail the benefit of the credit guarantee scheme to help small businesses mitigate the impact of the pandemic.
  • As the hospitality and related services are yet to regain their pre-pandemic level of business, the guarantee cover has been expanded by Rs. 50,000 crore taking the total cover to Rs. 5 trillion, with the additional amount earmarked exclusively for the hospitality and related enterprises.
  • The ECLGS has provided much-needed additional credit to more than 130 lakh MSMEs. This has helped them mitigate the adverse impact of the pandemic.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

British Council Announces STEM Scholarships for Women

  • British Council, the UK's international organisation for educational opportunities and cultural relations announced the second cohort of British Council Scholarships for Women in STEM.
  • Over 100 scholarships are available to women STEM scholars from Asia and the Americas, out of which 65 scholarships are reserved for women STEM scholars from India and other South Asian countries, awarded on merit basis with no country-specific cap.
  • Selected scholars will be able to obtain a master's degree or an Early Academic Fellowship at a UK university, and the scholarship will cover tuition fees, monthly stipend, travel costs, visa and health coverage fees, as well as funding for dependents if any scholar wishes to travel with their children.
  • As part of the programme, Indian women STEM scholars can apply for master's courses and Early Academic Fellowships across 13 UK universities in courses like Data Science, Environmental Science, Engineering, Public Health systems, Information Technology, Renewable Energy and Energy Management, and Project Management.
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ART AND CULTURE

Hoysala Temples are India's Nomination for World Heritage Tag

  • The sacred ensembles of the Hoysala, the famed Hoysala temples of Belur, Halebid and Somananthpura in Karnataka, were finalised as India's nomination for consideration as World Heritage for 2022-23. These protected monuments are on UNESCO's tentative list since April 15, 2014.
  • The Hoysala architects used their profound knowledge of temple architecture in different parts of India, and these temples have a basic Dravidian morphology but show strong influences of the Bhumija mode widely used in Central India, the Nagara traditions of Northern and Western India, and the Karntata Dravida modes favoured by the Kalyani Chalukyas.
  • After the submission, UNESCO will communicate back by early March and after that the site evaluation will happen in September/ October 2022. The dossier will be taken up for consideration in July/August 2023.
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TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

FAITH Suggest Leveraging Top 10 Cross Country Travel Rank of India

  • Federation of Associations in Indian Tourism & Hospitality (FAITH), the policy federation of all the national associations representing the complete tourism, travel and hospitality industry of India (ADTOI, ATOAI, FHRAI, HAI, IATO, ICPB, IHHA, ITTA, TAAI, TAFI) has given reference to Ministry of Tourism (MoT) of a global travel ranking for cross - country road travel, where India has been ranked 10 out of 118 countries on multiple parameters such as heritage sites, bio- diversity, landscapes, average travel cost etc.
  • India's ranking is higher than traditional tourism countries. FAITH has suggested to MoT that this top ranking can probably form a vital cornerstone of India's post COVID global repositioning and marketing campaigns. This ranking can be leveraged both for inbound and domestic to demonstrate the inherent tourism attractiveness of our country and enable for gaining post COVID tourism market share.
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