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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

22 Dec 2021

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Uzra Zeya is America's Special Coordinator for Tibetan Issues

  • The US has designated Indian-origin diplomat Uzra Zeya as its Special Coordinator for Tibetan Issues and she has been tasked with promoting substantive dialogue between China and the Dalai Lama or his representatives, in support of a negotiated agreement on Tibet.
  • She will retain her current position as the Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights.
  • As the US Special Coordinator for Tibetan Issues, Zeya will coordinate the US government policies, programmes and projects concerning Tibetan issues, consistent with the Tibetan Policy Act of 2002, as amended by the Tibetan Policy and Support Act of 2020.

Kim Jong-un is 3rd most Searched Politician Online

  • North Korean leader Kim Jong-un ranked the third most searched politician by internet users worldwide this year.
  • Online searches for Kim totaled a monthly average of 1.9 million, behind US President Joe Biden, who topped the list with 7 million searches, and UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson with 2 million, according to German data analytics firm Statista.
  • Former German Chancellor Angela Merkel ranked fourth with 1.4 million searches.
  • The most searched keyword related to the North Korean leader this year was "weight loss", separate analysis by Google Trends found.
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ENVIRONMENT

Scientists Find Fossil of Largest Arthropod to Ever Live

  • Researchers in the U.K. have found the fossilized exoskeleton of the largest arthropod to have ever lived. These giant millipede-like creatures were the length of a car and likely roamed Earth during the Carboniferous Period, between 359 million and 299 million years ago.
  • The monstrous millipede ancestors, known as Arthropleura, were already known to scientists, but the discovery of the new fossilized exoskeleton fragment confirms that these ancient invertebrates could grow to be much larger than previously expected.

Himalayan Glaciers Melting at 'Exceptional Rate'

  • According to a study, glaciers in the Himalayas are melting at an "exceptional" rate because of global warming, threatening the water supply of millions of people in Asia.
  • The researchers found that the Himalayan glaciers have lost ice ten times more quickly over the last few decades than on average since the last major glacier expansion 400-700 years ago, a period known as the Little Ice Age.
  • The study also shows that Himalayan glaciers are shrinking far more rapidly than glaciers in other parts of the world.
  • The Himalayan mountain range is home to the world's third-largest amount of glacier ice, after Antarctica and the Arctic and is often referred to as 'the Third Pole'.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Oriental Insurance Co Categorised as Public Shareholder in Axis Bank

  • Axis Bank said that The Oriental Insurance Company was categorised to public category from promoter category shareholder in the bank.
  • In October, applications were made to BSE and NSE for reclassification of The New Oriental Insurance Co to public category from promoter category.

Samsung Takes over Intel as Top Chipmaker by Revenue in Q3

  • Samsung Electronics took over the top spot in the global semiconductor market by revenue in the third quarter on the back of strong memory chip sales.
  • Industry tracker Omdia said that Intel, which had been the top chipmaker for 11 straight quarters, slipped to number two behind Samsung "as the memory segment, where Samsung is the number one DRAM and NAND supplier, was the largest growth area for semiconductor" in the three months ending in September.
  • As a result, three of the global top four chipmakers were memory-focused semiconductor companies -- Samsung, SK hynix and Micron Technology -- in the same period.

Axis Bank Emerges Top Bidder for Citi Business

  • Private sector lender Axis Bank emerged as the highest bidder to buy Citi's consumer banking business.
  • American banking major Citibank in April announced its plan to exit from the consumer banking business in India as part of a global strategy.
  • The business comprises credit cards, retail banking, home loans and wealth management. The bank has 35 branches in the country and employs about 4,000 people in the consumer banking business.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Hayabusa-2 Sample Reveals New Information about Asteroid Ryugu

  • An analysis of the Hayabusa-2 sample of material returned to Earth from the carbon-rich, diamond-shaped, near-Earth asteroid Ryugu shows that the material is very dark, reflecting only 2% of light, porous and similar to clay, contains carbonates (a fraction of them enriched in iron) as well as compounds rich in nitrogen and hydrogen.
  • Ryugu, also known as 1999 JU3, is a near-Earth C-type asteroid. Its name refers to RyÅ«gÅ« (Dragon Palace), a magical underwater palace in a Japanese folktale.
  • The asteroid was discovered in May 1999 by astronomers with the Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research.
  • It measures approximately 900 m (0.56 miles) in diameter and orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.96-1.41 astronomical units (AU) once every 474 days.

Clouds of Venus May Be More Habitable than Previously Thought

  • Possible lifeforms in the Venusian clouds could be setting off a cascade of chemical reactions that is making the environment much more habitable.
  • Venus is often called Earth's sister planet because of its similar mass and size to Earth. Yet, owing, in part, to the greenhouse effect from its massive atmosphere dominated by carbon dioxide, Venusian surface temperature is higher than 700 K (427 degrees Celsius, 800 degrees Fahrenheit) — too hot for life of any kind.
  • The surface of Venus is therefore a complete contrast to Earth's temperate surface and rich surface biosphere.
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SPORTS

India among World's Top Three Dope Violators in Latest

  • An uptick in the number of offenders has taken India into the top-three of the world's biggest doping violators in a WADA report detailing the transgressions for the year 2019 with bodybuilding, weightlifting and athletics contributing majorly to the country's embarrassing record.
  • In the latest report published by the World Anti-Doping Agency, 152 (17 per cent of the world total) Anti-doping Rule Violations (ADRVs) were reported in India in 2019, leaving it third in the list with the maximum dope offenders coming from bodybuilding (57).
  • A lightweight in global sport, India is only behind Russia (167) and Italy (157), while Brazil (78) is at fourth and Iran (70) fifth.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Nagaland Creates 3 New Districts

  • The Nagaland government created three new districts bringing the total number of such administrative units in the state to 15.
  • The state Cabinet decided on the formation of Tseminyu, Niuland, and Chumukedima districts.
  • While the Tseminyu sub-division in Kohima district was upgraded to a district, Niuland and Chumukedima were carved out of Dimapur district.
  • Though there were demands from at least 11 tribes for the creation of new districts, the Cabinet could consider only three of them as some districts are inhabited by only one tribe and those cannot be divided.

Haryana Launches New Integrated Command and Control Center in Karnal

  • Haryana Chief Minister, Manohar Lal Khattar opened the new Integrated Command and Control Center (ICCC) under the Karnal Smart City project. The new Command and Control Center will enable the functioning of advanced systems such as adaptive traffic control, automatic number plate recognition, detection of red-light violation and speed violation.
  • With the inauguration of ICCC, a slew of smart traffic management systems in the city went alive. Over 500 CCTV cameras at various locations now enable the functioning of advanced systems such as adaptive traffic control, automatic number plate recognition, detection of red-light violation and speed violation.
  • The inauguration also marks the rolling out of the public address system, various web and mobile apps related to the city administration, building management systems, environmental management systems, among others. Integrated with IT systems of different government departments, ICCC would act as the city's emergency and disaster management centre enhancing safety, security and providing better public services in the city. It will also help the police in maintaining law and order.

Karnataka Announces Reservation for Transgenders in Police

  • In what can be termed as good news for transgenders in Karnataka, the state government has decided to give 1 per cent reservation to them across all the ranks in the police department.
  • This move will help in changing the perception towards transgenders. It will bring them into mainstream and remove all the prejudices against them in society.
  • Karnataka police department is also recruiting both men and women by giving them equal opportunities.
  • There was reservation for women in police department, three-four decades back. But now the department aims to reach 25 per cent of women in the police force.
  • The police department has kept five of 70 seats reserved for transgenders, the notification for which was issued.
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DEFENCE

India Ready to Assist Countries in Bay of Bengal Region

  • Defence Minister Rajnath Singh said that India will assist countries in the Bay of Bengal region in all possible ways and develop measures for regional cooperation in disaster relief.
  • Singh was speaking at PANEX-21, a multi-agency exercise of the BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation) countries. The exercise was conducted at the College of Military Engineering in Pune.
  • The multinational exercise aimed to foster jointness and develop capabilities in disaster management aspects for the BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation) nations.
  • The BIMSTEC regional organisation comprises Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Thailand, besides India.

India Successfully Tests 'Pralay' Missile off Odisha Coast

  • India successfully test-fired short-range surface to surface-guided ballistic missile 'Pralay' off the Odisha coast.
  • The solid-fuel, battlefield missile developed by Defence Research Development Organisation is based on Prithvi Defence Vehicle from the Indian ballistic missile programme.
  • The missile, launched from the APJ Abdul Kalam Island, met all the mission objectives.
  • 'Pralay' is a 350-500 km short-range, surface-to-surface missile with a payload capacity of 500-1,000 kg.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

National Mathematics Day

  • December 22 is celebrated as National Mathematics Day to commemorate the birth anniversary of one of the brilliant minds of the country, Srinivasa Ramanujan. The self-taught genius was born on December 22, 1887, in a small village of Erode in Madras Presidency, British India. The day marks the importance of mathematics in the development of our nation and honours the amazing works of Srinivas Ramanujan.
  • He was the second Indian to be honoured with the Fellow of the Royal Society in 1918. The first was Ardaseer Cursetjee, a marine engineer.
  • Former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh had in 2012 announced December 22 as National Mathematics Day, while paying tribute to Ramanujan in Chennai.
View Month Wise

GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Rajya Sabha Passes Electoral Reforms Bill

  • Parliament passed a Bill to link electoral roll data with the Aadhaar ecosystem with Rajya Sabha passing it by voice vote amid a walkout by the opposition.
  • The Election Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2021, which was passed in Lok Sabha, seeks to weed out fake voters from electoral rolls.
  • The opposition parties were demanding a division of votes as they had moved a motion to send the Bill to a select committee, which was rejected by voice vote.

Lok Sabha Refers Biological Diversity Bill to Joint Committee of Parliament

  • The Lok Sabha referred the Biological Diversity Bill to a Joint Committee of both Houses of Parliament.
  • Environment Minister Bhupendra Yadav moved the motion to refer the Bill to the Joint Committee with 21 members of the Lok Sabha and 10 members from the Rajya Sabha.
  • The Committee is expected to submit its report to the House by the last day of the first week of the next session.
  • The bill seeks to relax certain rules in the Biodiversity Act 2002 in order to fast track research and patenting as well as empower local communities to be able to utilise resources, particularly of medicinal value, such as seeds.
View Month Wise

GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

Lakshadweep Schools to Adopt Sunday as Weekly Holiday, Friday System to be Discarded

  • The Union territory of Lakshadweep ended its Friday holiday system. The decision was taken by the Education Department of Lakshadweep and also entails six working days for schools, shifting the weekly holiday to Sunday.
  • As per the order, the Friday holiday system will be changed to a Sunday system with effect from the 2021-22 Academic year.

Delhi Cabinet Approves Setting up of Delhi Teachers' University

  • The Delhi Cabinet on Monday approved setting up of Delhi Teachers' University. The university will offer, among others, four-year Integrated Teacher Education Programmes like BA-BEd, BSc-BEd to help develop a new generation of teachers.
  • The varsity will prepare highly qualified and well-trained teachers in Delhi itself. 'Delhi Teachers University' Bill 2021 will be placed before the Delhi Vidhan Sabha in the coming session.

Odisha: Naveen Patnaik Launches Mukhyamantri Vayu Swasthya Seva

  • Odisha Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik on Monday inaugurated the Mukhyamantri Vayu Swasthya Seva scheme and launched air ambulances for residents of four tribal-dominated districts — Malkangiri, Nabarangpur, Nuapada and Kalahandi.
  • The move, a further boost to his health schemes, comes ahead of the rural polls scheduled for February next year.
  • Under the new scheme, critical patients can be airlifted to hospitals in Bhubaneswar and Cuttack, and specialised doctors, neurologists, nephrologists and cardiologists from various medical colleges and private hospitals, would fly to the four districts under per a pre-arranged schedule to treat patients with severe illness. This is a major step towards providing timely treatment and healthcare facilities. The scheme will soon expand to other locations as well. The state government will bear the cost of treatment in all the cases.
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