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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

19 Jul 2021

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

U.S., Afghanistan, Pakistan, Uzbekistan to Form Quad Group

  • The US, Afghanistan, Pakistan and Uzbekistan have agreed in principle to establish a new quadrilateral diplomatic platform focused on enhancing regional connectivity, the Biden administration has said.
  • "The parties consider long-term peace and stability in Afghanistan critical to regional connectivity and agree that peace and regional connectivity are mutually reinforcing," the State Department said.
  • Recognising the historic opportunity to open flourishing interregional trade routes, the parties intend to cooperate to expand trade, build transit links, and strengthen business-to-business ties, it said.

Afghanistan Recalls its Ambassador in Islamabad

  • Afghanistan has recalled its Ambassador in Islamabad.
  • In a statement, the Afghan Foreign Ministry said that following the abduction of the Afghan Ambassador's daughter in Pakistan, the Leadership of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan called back Afghanistan's Ambassador and senior diplomats from Pakistan until all security threats are addressed including the arrest and trial of the perpetrators of abduction.
  • The Ministry of Foreign Affairs explicitly called on the Pakistani government to take immediate action to identify and punish the perpetrators of this crime and ensure the full security and immunity of Afghan diplomats and their families in accordance with international conventions.
  • The statement said that Ms. Silsila Alikhil was abducted for several hours in Islamabad.

UN Appeals to Assist Afghanistan's War Crisis with $850 Million

  • The UN humanitarian chief in Afghanistan appealed for USD 850 million to help the war-torn country cope with the impact of the Taliban offensive, protracted malnutrition for a third of the country, a severe drought, and the return of 627,000 Afghans this year, most of them deported from neighbouring Iran.
  • Ramiz Alakbarov told reporters at UN headquarters after a virtual briefing from the capital of Kabul that at least 18 million Afghans are in need of assistance and the UN plan is to provide help for at least 15.7 million of them.
  • But he said the UN's USD 1.3 billion appeal is only 37 per cent funded -- USD 450 million — with the United States the largest donor. He said the remaining the USD 850 million being sought is desperately needed.
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ENVIRONMENT

52% Rise in Frequency of Cyclones in Arabian Sea over Two Decades: Study

  • The frequency and intensity of cyclones developing over the Arabian Sea has increased in the last two decades, while fewer such storms have been seen over the Bay of Bengal, researchers have found in a paper that underlines the increasing risk of disasters hitting the west coast of India if the trend continues to hold over the years.
  • A 52% increase was noticed in the frequency of cyclones over the Arabian Sea between 2001 and 2019, and an 8% decrease over the Bay of Bengal, compared to the 19-year period between 1982 and 2002, according to a new study by scientists of the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) under the Union ministry of earth sciences.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

India's First Pod Taxi to Operate Between Noida Airport and Film City

  •  Indian Port Rail and Ropeway Corporation Ltd (IPRCL) has prepared a Detailed Project Report or DPR for the pod taxi service between Noida Airport at Jewar and Film City.
  • There are plans to run a driverless taxi between the two destinations. This will cost about Rs 862 crore, according to the detailed project report (DPR) submitted to the Yamuna Expressway Industrial Development Authority (Yeida). This is a 14 km stretch.
  • This will be India's first pod taxi service.

'India Among Nations that Hacked Phones': Global Media Investigation

  • India is among the countries that used Israeli company NSO Group's Pegasus phone hacking software to potentially target politicians, journalists and activists, an international collaborative investigation involving 17 media organisations including The Guardian, The Washington Post, and Die Zeit said. India's news website The Wire was one of the 17.
  • The first part of the multi-part investigation, released, said that 38 Indian journalists (according to The Guardian), including those from mainstream publications (three current Hindustan Times journalists are named, as is one from sister publication Mint), and websites, apart from freelancers were targeted.
  • The 38 are among 180 journalists the report said were targeted worldwide, including the editor of the Financial Times Roula Khalaf, and journalists from the Wall Street Journal, CNN, New York Times, and Le Monte.

Japan Sets Internet Speed Record by Transferring 319 Tb/s over 3,001 km

  • Researchers in Japan have demonstrated an internet speed of 319 terabits per second, setting a world record.
  • A team of researchers at Japan's National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) used advanced fiber optic technology with a 4-core optical fibre of standard outer diameter of 0.125 mm to perform the speed test, breaking the previous record of 178 Tb/s set by engineers in Japan and Britain a year ago.
  • To achieve the record speed, the researchers constructed a recirculating transmission loop experimental set-up by combining two kinds of rare-earth-doped fiber amplifiers.
  • The combination of erbium and thulium doped-fiber amplifiers and distributed Raman amplification enabled a long-distance transmission over 3,001 km.
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SPORTS

Lewis Hamilton wins British Grand Prix 2021

  • Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes-Great Britain), won the British Grand Prix 2021, for a record-extending eighth time.
  • The event was held on July 18, 2021, at the Silverstone Circuit in the United Kingdom.
  • This is the 99th career win of seven times world champion Hamilton and the fourth win of the current season after 10 races. 
  • Monaco based Charles Leclerc (Ferrari) stood second. Hamilton's teammate Valtteri Bottas from Finland, finished third.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Common High Court of J-K

  • A notification has been issued by the Ministry of Law and Justice informing that the 'long-winding and cumbersome' nomenclature 'Common High Court of UT of Jammu and Kashmir and UT of Ladakh' have been changed to 'High Court of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh'. President Ram Nath Kovind has signed the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Removal of Difficulties) Order, 2021, to effect the change. 
  • "Present nomenclature is found to be rather long-winding and cumbersome. The said nomenclature may be substituted as High Court of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh, which besides being convenient would also be in consonance with the name pattern followed in other common HCs," the notification read.

A.P. Govt Announces 10% Reservation for EWS

  • The Andhra Pradesh government announced 10% reservation for the Kapu community and other Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) for appointments in the initial posts and services in State government in accordance with the Constitution (103rd Amendment) Act, 2019
  • As per a G.O. issued by the Chief Secretary on Wednesday, the 10% reservation in employment will benefit Kapus who are neither benefited under BC quota nor under EWS quota and other Open Competition (OC) sections who are deprived of the benefits of reservation thus far due to non-implementation of the EWS quota.

PM Modi Addresses Parliament, Marks the Start of Monsoon Session

  • The 26-day long monsoon session of Parliament begins with the opposition preparing to corner the government over issues like the Covid-19 pandemic, farmers' protest, inflation and surging fuel prices.
  • Ahead of the monsoon session, Prime Minister Narendra Modi-led government stated that it is ready to face any debate.
  • The monsoon session - the second in a year where elected representatives meet in the House - will conclude on August 13. "Subject to exigencies of government business, the session is likely to conclude on August 13," a Lok Sabha release said.
  • This is the first session of Parliament where newly elected representatives from the assembly polls in Assam, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Puducherry will be taking part.
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DEFENCE

Ordnance Factory Tiruchirappalli hands over 12.7 mm M2 NATO Stabilized Remote Control Gun

  • Ordnance Factory Tiruchirappalli hands over Fifteen 12.7 mm M2 NATO Stabilized Remote Control Gun to Indian Navy & 10 to Indian Coast Guard. It is manufactured with transfer of technology agreement from Elbit Systems, Israel.
  • The gun is meant for marine applications and can remotely engage targets. It is equipped with an inbuilt CCD camera, thermal imager and a laser range finder for observation and tracking of targets through day and night operations.

Anti Drone Swadeshi System will Soon be Deployed Along Country's Border

  • Union Home Minister Amit Shah said that an Anti Drone Swadeshi System will soon be deployed along the country's border. He said, Defence  Research and Development organisation along with other concerned agencies are working on this system.
  • He was addressing the 18th Investiture Ceremony of Border Security Force, BSF in New Delhi. He expressed confidence that the country's paramilitary forces are able meet all the challenges eminating time to time in protecting the borders.
  • Mr Shah said,  the  Narendra Modi government has accorded high priority to strengthen infrastructure along border areas of the country. Mr Shah said, the Prime Minister believed that if the infrastructure will not be improved along the border areas then the  country's border will not remain protected.
  • Giving comparison to the work done during previous UPA Government, Mr Shah said, from the period 2008 to 2014, only 3600 kilometres roads along the border were constructed but in the Narendra Modi government, work of 4764 kilometres roads were completed.
  • He also informed that for smooth movement of paramilitary forces, where only one tunnel was built in previous regime, now 6 such tunnels were built and work on 19 tunnels is in progress. Mr Shah also assured that there will be no gaps in fencing along borders and work will be completed before 2022.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Former Pakistan President Mamnoon Hussain Passes Away in Karachi

  • Former president of Pakistan Mamnoon Hussain passed away after a prolonged illness, according to his family and party leaders. He was 80.
  • Hussain, who was born in Agra in 1940 and migrated with his parents to Pakistan in 1947, served as the 12th President of Pakistan between September 2013 and September 2018.
  • The senior Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) leader was diagnosed with cancer in February last year and was under treatment at a private hospital in Karachi for some days where he breathed his last.

186th Death Anniversary of U Tirot Sing Syiem Observed

  • In Meghalaya, the 186th Death Anniversary of the Khasi freedom fighter U Tirot Sing Syiem was observed on July 17, 2021.
  • The programme was organised by the Department of Art and Culture in collaboration with Meghalaya Model United Nations.
  • FR Kharkongor, Commissioner and Secretary, Arts and Culture department paid homage to U Tirot Sing Syiem, the great freedom fighter of Meghalaya who fought relentlessly to prevent Khasi Hills from falling into the hands of the British.
  • Highlighting contributions of U Tirot Sing in the country's freedom movement, Kharkongor said, the history of the great freedom fighter should be revisited to get a 360 degree perspective of what he represented.
  • On the occasion of Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav, people must remember freedom fighters and take inspiration from their sacrifices.
  • In a tweet, Meghalaya Chief Minister Conrad K Sangma paid tribute to the Khasi freedom fighter.
View Month Wise

DAYS AND EVENTS

Cannes Film Festival 2021

  •  The Cannes Film Festival is drawing to a close, and despite the pandemic it managed to gather a larger number film stars in the sunshine for the obligatory photo opportunities.
  • This distinctive line-up of director Wes Anderson and actors Timothee Chalamet, Tilda Swinton and Bill Murray for their film The French Dispatch proved irresistible as a meme.
  • Jessica Shortall described the line-up as "Tiktok-LinkedIn-Instagram-Twitter", while Philip Bump dubbed them "Z, X, Millennial, Boomer".
  • Sara Wallace Goodman spoke for many of us when she described the stars' fashions as: "Zoom presentation attire, remembering how I dressed before Zoom, imagining how I'll dress after Zoom, how I'll actually dress after Zoom."
  • That picture became one of the viral moments from the prestigious festival, but there were plenty of other talking points.
View Month Wise

GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Maharashtra Launches New EV Policy 2021

  • In a big push to electric vehicles in India, the Maharashtra govt launches the new Electric Vehicle Policy -2021.
  • The policy announced by the State Environment Minister, Aaditya Thackeray aims to accelerate the adoption of Battery Electric Vehicles in the country.
  • The new EV policy introduced in Maharashtra is a revision of the 2018 policy. It is introduced with an aim to make Maharashtra the "topmost producer of battery-powered electric vehicles in India."
  • It also aims for electric vehicles (EVs) to make up 10 percent of all new vehicle registrations, by 2025. For this ambitious mission, the state government has rolled out a Rs. 930 crore policy, valid up to 31st March, 2025. To make this success, EVs will be exempted from road tax and registration charges.

Digital Platform "Kisan Sarathi" Launched

  • In order to facilitate farmers to get 'right information at right time' in their desired language, a digital platform namely 'KisanSarathi' was launched jointly by Narendra Singh Tomar, Minister for Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.
  • This initiative of KisanSarathi empowers farmers with technological interventions to reach farmers in remote areas.
  • The ICAR Scientists to take-up research on new technological interventions in the area of transportation of farmer's crop from their farm gate to warehouses, markets and the places where they want to sell with minimum damage.
  • Union IT Minister assured that Ministry of Electronics and IT and Ministry of Communications will always be ready to provide all necessary support to Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare and Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying for Empowerment of Farmers. He also mentioned that the Ministry of Railways is making a plan to minimise the time taken for the transportation of crops.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

China Reports First Human Death From Monkey B Virus

  • China has reported its first human infection with Monkey B Virus (BV) and subsequent death. A Beijing-based veterinary surgeon was infected with the virus after he dissected two dead monkeys in early March, according to China CDC Weekly.
  • The 53-year-old veterinarian started experiencing nausea and vomiting and a month later, fever and neurological symptoms followed. He visited several hospitals but eventually died on May 27, China CDC Weekly revealed.
  • Around mid-April, researchers collected cerebrospinal fluid from the patient for next-generation sequencing and the readings suggested possible alphaherpesvirus infection. They also collected several specimens including blister fluid, blood, nasal swab, throat swab, and plasma to further identify the etiological agent.
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