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General Awareness

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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

01 Jul 2021

DAILY G.K. TEST

Start Test

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

G20 Adopts Matera Declaration

  • The G-20 Foreign Ministers have adopted the 'Matera Declaration', which asks the global community to step up efforts to contain the effects of the pandemic on lives and livelihoods, build inclusive and resilient food chains and ensure adequate nutrition for all.
  • Meeting for the first time in the format of "Joint meeting of the Foreign Affairs and Development Ministers" after the G20 Foreign Affairs Ministers' Meeting in Italy, the declaration concurred with the UN's 'Zero Hunger' goal set for 2030.
  • The G20 ministers recognised that poverty alleviation, food security, and sustainable food systems, are key to ending hunger, encouraging social cohesion and community development.

UN Urges US to Remove Iran Sanctions

  • UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has appealed to US President Joe Biden's administration to lift or waive all sanctions on Iran as agreed under a 2015 deal aimed at stopping Tehran from developing a nuclear weapon.
  • In a report to the UN Security Council, Guterres also urged the United States to "extend the waivers with regard to the trade in oil with the Islamic Republic of Iran, and fully renew waivers for nuclear non-proliferation projects." The 15-member council will on Tuesday discuss the secretary-general's biannual report on the implementation of a 2015 resolution that enshrines the nuclear deal between Iran, the United States, France, Britain, Germany, Russia and China.
  • Guterres' appeal to Washington comes amid talks to revive the deal, known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, under which Iran accepted curbs on its nuclear programme in return for a lifting of many foreign sanctions against it.

Chinese President Xi Jinping Pledges Reunification with Taiwan

  • Chinese President Xi Jinping pledged to complete reunification with self-ruled Taiwan and vowed to smash any attempts at formal independence for the island, taking a tough line on the 100th birthday of the ruling Communist Party.
  • China considers democratically-ruled Taiwan its own territory, and under Mr. Xi has stepped up efforts to assert its sovereignty claims, including regularly sending fighter jets and bombers close to the island.
  • While China has never renounced the use of force to bring Taiwan under its control, Mr. Xi called for a process of peaceful reunification.
  • Taiwan's Mainland Affairs Council said that it was working on a response to Mr. Xi's comments.
  • Most Taiwanese have shown no interest in being ruled by China. Taiwan's government says only the island's people can decide their future, and has decried Chinese pressure.
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ENVIRONMENT

Enormous Antarctic Lake Vanishes in 3 Days

  • An enormous, ice-covered lake in Antarctica vanished suddenly, and scientists are worried it could happen again.
  • In this disappearing act, which researchers say occurred during on the Amery Ice Shelf in East Antarctica, an estimated 21 billion to 26 billion cubic feet (600 million to 750 million cubic meters) of water, roughly twice the volume of San Diego Bay, drained into the ocean.
  • The scientists who used satellite observations to capture the shocking vanishing act say the lake drained in roughly three days after the ice shelf beneath it gave way.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Tata Motors Wins Order for Hydrogen-based Fuel Cell Buses

  • India's move towards alternative automotive fuel technology got a fillip with Tata Motors bagging an order of 15 hydrogen-based fuel cell buses from Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. The deal would entail supplying buses to the Research & Development Centre of IOCL at Faridabad apart from Tata Motors collaborating with the country's largest fuel retailer to undertake R&D projects.
  • Tata Motors is the largest commercial vehicle player and a leading bus manufacturer in India. The two partners would collectively study the potential of fuel cell technology for commercial vehicles. This will be done by jointly testing, maintaining and operating these buses for public transport in real-world conditions in the National Capital Region. The buses would be re-fuelled by hydrogen, generated and dispensed by IOCL.

Kishore Kumar Yedam is as CEO of Federal Soft Systems

  • FSS (Federal Soft Systems) announces the gracious welcoming of Kishore Kumar Yedam on board as the new CEO to support the organization's future growth.
  • He will contribute towards enhancing opportunities in terms of innovation and development. He joined FSS with an impressive 21 years of extensive industry experience. Prior to this, he served as the Global Sales Head at Xmplar Management Solutions.
  • His earlier stints include leadership with big companies such as Ramco, Blueprint, and HTC Global. Kishore will be based in India and will be in charge of the FSS's global new initiatives.

Flipkart Opens All-women Run fulfilment Centre in Coimbatore

  • Walmart-owned e-commerce firm Flipkart has launched its grocery services in Coimbatore with the opening of its first fulfilment centre in the region to meet the growing demand for groceries online. The opening of this facility also bolsters Flipkart's supply chain in the South and will create thousands of direct and indirect employment and entrepreneurship opportunities.
  • The newly built facility will generate direct employment for nearly 1,200 people while encouraging local entrepreneurship. In the initial stages, only a part of the facility will be utilised for which over 500 people will be hired. It will be the only facility for Flipkart which will be almost entirely run by women constituting 90 per cent of the overall workforce. To enable more women to join the workforce, Flipkart under its initiative Vividhta, provides workplace policies that support women and their career progression.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Inflated Hot Jupiter Found Orbiting TOI-1789

  • Astronomers using NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) have discovered a transiting hot-Jupiter exoplanet around a slightly evolved star called TOI-1789.
  • Hot Jupiters have set several firsts, from being the first kind of exoplanets discovered with the radial velocity method (51 Peg), to being also the first kind of transiting systems studied for precise radii and orbits (HD 209458b)," said Akanksha Khandelwal, an astronomer at the Indian Institute of Techonology and the Physical Research Laboratory, and colleagues.
  • "These systems have intrigued the theorists triggering a critical revision of planet formation theories."
  • TOI-1789 is a slightly evolved, metal-rich, and late F-type star located 729 light-years away in the constellation of Leo.

Scientists Catch 1st Glimpse of a Black Hole Swallowing a Neutron Star

  • After more than four years of exploring a menagerie of cosmic happenings through gravitational waves, scientists have finally spotted the third expected variety of collision, twice.
  • The new flavor of collision includes one black hole and one neutron star, making it a mash-up of sorts. Scientists have observed dozens of mergers of pairs of black holes, and a couple mergers of pairs of neutron stars, the superdense stellar corpses. But a crash between a black hole and neutron star, while predicted by scientists, had not been definitively detected.
  • Now, researchers say they have done just that, observing the unique ripples in space-time caused by such a collision.
  • "With this new discovery of neutron star-black hole mergers outside our galaxy, we have found the missing type of binary," Astrid Lamberts said in a statement. "We can finally begin to understand how many of these systems exist, how often they merge, and why we have not yet seen examples in the Milky Way."
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SPORTS

Discus Thrower Seema Punia Books Tokyo Olympics Berth

  • Discus thrower Seema Punia, bronze medallist at the 2018 Jakarta Asian Games, booked her ticket for the Tokyo Olympic Games with a gold medal-winning throw of a 63.72 m on the concluding day of the National Inter-State Athletics Championships.
  • Seema, 37, bettered the Olympic qualification mark of 63.50 m. Her performance was also better than the meet record of 62.49 m, set by Neelam J. Singh in 2000 in Chennai.

Dutee Chand Qualifies for Tokyo Olympics

  • Ace Indian sprinter Dutee Chand has qualified for the upcoming Tokyo Olympics in both 100 m and 200 m races via the World Rankings quota.
  • As many as 22 spots were available in 100m and 15 spots in 200m via the World Rankings route.
  • Chand's overall position of World No. 44 in 100 m and World No. 51 in 200 m were well within the ranks to make her eligible to fly to Tokyo.

Devendra Jhajharia Rewrites World record for Tokyo Berth

  • India's top Paralympian and javelin thrower Devendra Jhajharia rewrote his own world record once again as he punched his ticket for the Tokyo Paralympics during a national selection trial in New Delhi. The 40-year-old, who has won two gold medals in the men's F-46 category at the Paralympics, sent the spear to a distance of 65.71 m during the trial.
  • With that effort, he not only sealed a spot for the Tokyo Paralympics but also bettered his own world record of 63.97 m, set at the Rio Games in 2016.
  • The Tokyo Paralympics slated to begin on August 24, will be Jhajharia's third Paralympics. He had won a gold at the 2004 Athens Paralympic Games, setting a new world record of 62.15 metres.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Home Ministry Extends AFSPA in Nagaland for Another Six Months

  • The Union Ministry of Home Affairs has declared entire Nagaland as a "disturbed area" for six more months till December 31, 2021, under the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) that empowers security forces to conduct operations anywhere and arrest anyone without prior notice.
  • While Nagaland became a separate state in 1963, the AFSPA has been in force in northeast since 1958.
  • There have been demands from various organisations in the Northeast as well as in Jammu and Kashmir for repealing the AFSPA, which, they allege, gives "sweeping powers" to security forces.
  • The AFSPA has not been withdrawn even after a framework agreement was signed on August 3, 2015 by Naga insurgent group NSCN-IM General Secretary Thuingaleng Muivah and government interlocutor R.N. Ravi in the presence of Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

BJP Wins 21 Zila Panchayat chairperson Seats in UP

  • The ruling Bhartiya Janata Party in Uttar Pradesh has managed to win zila panchayat chairpersons seats in 21 districts even though it did not have the required numbers.
  • The seats were won, after the rival contestants, either withdrew from the fray or turned their support to the ruling party.
  • The 17 districts where the BJP candidates got elected unopposed were Chitrakoot, Agra, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Meerut, Ghaziabad, Bulandshahr, Amroha, Moradabad, Lalitpur, Jhansi, Banda, Shravasti, Balrampur, Gonda, Gorakhpur, Mau and Varanasi.
  • In Saharanpur, Bahraich, Pilibhit and Shahjahanpur, the BJP-supported candidates got a walkover after the opposition-backed candidates withdrew their nomination.
  • The lone seat that the Samajwadi Party (SP) won unopposed is Etawah where SP President Akhilesh Yadav's cousin Anshul Yadav won the seat without any contest.

Balaji Srivastava Gets Additional Charge as Delhi Police Commissioner

  • Senior IPS officer Balaji Srivastava took additional charge as the Commissioner of Delhi Police after incumbent S. N. Shrivastava retired.
  • Balaji Srivastava was posted as Special Commissioner (Vigilance) of the Delhi Police.
  • A 1988-batch IPS officer of the Arunachal Pradesh-Goa-Mizoram and Union Territory (AGMUT) cadre, he has previously worked as the DGP of Puducherry and Mizoram and Special Commissioner, Intelligence, Economic Offence Wing and Special Cell, Delhi.
  • He has also served in the Cabinet Secretariat for nine years and handled sensitive assignments.
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DEFENCE

BAE Systems to Deliver First M-Code GPS User Equipment to Germany

  • BAE Systems will deliver the first batch of new military GPS user equipment to Germany, after being awarded a Foreign Military Sales contract by the Space and Missile Systems Center's Space Production Corps.
  • Germany was the first state to order new military GPS user equipment (MGUE) which will be able to access M-Code, a new anti-spoofing, anti-jamming GPS signal designated for military use.

India's Aircraft Carrier INS Vikrant

  • The Indian Navy is to start sea trials of its first domestically-built aircraft carrier in a move that will boost its ability to counter China's growing presence in the Indian Ocean.
  • Sea trials of the INS Vikrant are expected to begin as early as next month, with Defence Minister Rajnath Singh saying last week that the warship was set to enter active service in the first half of 2022.
  • The nearly Rs. 24,000-crore project was targeted to be commissioned by 2018, but was hit by delays due to the coronavirus pandemic. The 'basin trial' was successfully completed in November 2020.

Israel Unveils Sea Breaker, the Long-range Missile System

  • Israeli defence major Rafael Advanced Defense Systems unveiled Sea Breaker, a 5th generation long range, autonomous, precision-guided missile system meant to hit high-value maritime and land targets.
  • Described by the firm as a naval and artillery unit force-multiplier, Sea Breaker, which has stand-off ranges of up to 300 km, can be fired both from land and surface ships.
  • Though company sources said they would be offering the system to India in future with a possible Make in India initiative, the country already has a similar product, BrahMos, an Indo-Russia missile system.
  • The Israeli company has an existing joint venture with Indian private firm Kalyani and is called the Kalyani Rafael Advanced Systems (KRAS).
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PERSONS IN NEWS

Former U.S. Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld Passes Away

  • Donald Rumsfeld, former U.S. Defense Secretary and one of the architects of the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan and Iraq in 2003, died at the age of 88 in Taos, New Mexico. Mr. Rumsfeld was Defense Secretary during 1975-1977, during the Gerald Ford administration, and then in the George W. Bush administration, during 2001 – 2006.
  • In 2001, as Defense Secretary, Mr. Rumsfeld oversaw the U.S. strikes in Afghanistan, following the September 11 terror attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City. The U.S. sought to overthrow the Taliban regime which was providing safe haven to terror group Al Qaeda, which was responsible for the September 11 attacks.
  • In 2003, Mr. Rumsfeld was a key player in the Bush administration's decision to invade Iraq, ostensibly to prevent Saddam Hussein from developing and deploying weapons of mass destruction.

Editor of 'Sudharma' Sanskrit Daily, K.V. Sampath Kumar Passes Away

  • Editor of 'Sudharma' Sanskrit Daily, K. V. Sampath Kumar has passed away. He, along with his wife, were awarded the Padma Shri honour by the Government of India in 2020 for their contribution to the field of Literature & Education. He has also received several awards like the Siddarudha award, the Shivaratri Deshikendra Media award, the Abdul Kalam award and others.
  • Sampath Kumar's father Pandit Varadaraja Iyengar had launched 'Sudharma' in 1970. Sudharma is the only Sanskrit Daily in the world, printed and published from Mysuru.
View Month Wise

DAYS AND EVENTS

Canada Day

  • Canada Day is the national day of Canada. A federal statutory holiday, it celebrates the anniversary of Canadian Confederation which occurred on July 1, 1867, with the passing of the Constitution Act, 1867 where the three separate colonies of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick were united into a single Dominion within the British Empire called Canada. Originally called Dominion Day, the holiday was renamed in 1982 when the Canadian Constitution was patriated by the Canada Act 1982. Canada Day celebrations take place throughout the country, as well as in various locations around the world attended by Canadians living abroad.

Chartered Accountants' Day (India)

  • Chartered Accountants' Day is celebrated on July 1. This year (2021) the 73rd Chartered Accountants' Day is celebrated. The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) was established on 1 July 1949 by an act of parliament. ICAI is the second largest accounting body in the world, after the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). In this article, we are going to learn about history.

National Doctors' Day

  • National Doctors' Day was established by the Government of India back in 1991 in honour of the birth and death anniversary of the physician and the second Chief Minister of West Bengal, Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy. Since then, July 1 in India is marked as National Doctor's Day to show gratitude to all doctors.
  • The day is observed on different dates across the world. In the United States, Doctor's Day is observed on March 30, in Cuba on December 3 and in Iran on August 23.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

CBSE-NPCI Launches Financial Literacy Curriculum for Students

  • Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) and National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) have partnered to introduce a financial literacy curriculum for students of Class VI.
  • It was launched as part of new elective 'financial literacy' subject which will enable students to understand basic financial concepts at preliminary stage of their education.
  • This textbook covers crucial topics with respect to financial awareness.
  • It comprises of teamwork and basic financial concepts of Banking, security & modes of Digital Payments including Cards, UPI, Wallets, and more.
  • It highlights about the origin of banking, transition from coins to paper money, types of banks and other operations & services carried out by banks.
View Month Wise

TOURISM AND HOTEL INDUSTRY AWARENESS

UN Report on International Tourism

  • According to the report by UNCTAD and UN's World Tourism Organisation (WTO), International tourism arrivals are set to stagnate in 2021, except in some Western markets.
  • As per report, stagnation would result into losses of $2.4 trillion.
  • It highlights, tourism sector is not expected to rebound fully until 2023.
  • International arrivals plunged by 73% in 2020 from pre-pandemic levels in 2019. It resulted into estimated losses of $2.4 trillion in tourism and allied sectors.
  • Report expects for certain recovery in second half of 2021 at least for North America and Europe.
  • UNWTO is a United Nations specialised agency to promote responsible, sustainable and universally accessible tourism. It is headquartered in Madrid, Spain. UNWTO is the leading international organisation in the area of tourism, promoting tourism as the driver of economic growth, inclusive development and environmental sustainability. It offers tourism sector leadership and support in order to enhance knowledge and tourism policies across the world. It encourages implementation of Global Code of Ethics for Tourism in a bid to maximize contribution of tourism to socio-economic development. Official languages of UNWTO include Chinese, Arabic, English, French, Russian and Spanish.
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ART AND CULTURE

Sound Art Garden Coming to Blanton Museum of Art

  • The Blanton Museum of Art in Austin, Texas is opening the first ever museum exhibition space dedicated exclusively to sound art. Named after the Austin-based arts philanthropists Ernest and Sara Butler, who made a $5m donation to the museum for the project, the Butler Sound Gallery will be a park-like outdoor space on the Blanton's roughly 200,000sq. ft campus. The sound garden is part of a campus-wide revitalisation project led by the Norweigan-based architecture firm Snøhetta and is expected to open to the public in 2022.

PM Modi Launches Japanese-style Zen Garden and Kaizen Academy

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi virtually inaugurated a Zen Garden and Kaizen Academy at Ahmedabad Management Association (AMA) premises in Ahmedabad. These two new initiatives are part of PM's vision of creating a 'Mini-Japan' in Gujarat. The newly launched Zen garden in Ahmedabad will showcase several elements of Japanese art, culture, landscape and architecture.
  • The Zen garden features a statue of Lord Buddha. The garden is built in partnership with the Japan Information and Study Centre at AMA and Indo-Japan Friendship Association (IJFA), Gujarat, supported by the Hyogo International Association (HIA), Japan.
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