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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

30 Mar 2021

DAILY G.K. TEST

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Iran and China Sign Long-term Strategic Cooperation Economic Agreement

  • Iran and China have inked a long-term cooperation agreement in Tehran.
  • The comprehensive agreement signed by Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif and his Chinese counterpart, Wang Yi, aims to expand bilateral cooperation in various fields in the next 25 years.
  • The agreement paves the way for billions in Chinese investment in Tehran, and in return, Iran wants to supply oil to Beijing at favourable prices. Military cooperation is also part of the plans.
  • Iranian President Hassan Rouhani described cooperation with China as strategic and said that the new agreement will deepen this partnership even further. We want China to be a major trading partner.

Scott Morrison Announces Cabinet Reshuffle

  • Australia's Prime Minister Scott Morrison announced a Cabinet reshuffle following a series of damaging allegations.
  • Morrison said that Linda Reynolds will leave the role of Minister of Defence and will be replaced by Peter Dutton, who was previously Minister of Home Affairs.
  • Christian Porter will leave as Attorney General and Minister for Industrial Relations and will be replaced by Michaelia Cash.

Agnes Callamard Is Amnesty Chief

  • Agnes Callamard, who led a United Nations' investigation into the killing of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi, has been appointed the new leader of Amnesty International.
  • The international human rights group said that Callamard will serve as the new leader of Amnesty International for a four-year term.
  • Callamard, a French human rights expert, has previously led free-speech organisation Article 19 and directs the Global Freedom of Expression Project at Columbia University. As the UN's special rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, she investigated the killing of Khashoggi, who entered the Saudi Consulate in Istanbul on October 2, 2018, to pick up some documents, and never walked out.
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ENVIRONMENT

New Species of Red Algae Seen in West, South East Indian Coast

  • Two new species of seaweed have been discovered by a group of marine biologists from Central University of Punjab, Bathinda. Named Hypnea indica (after India) and Hypnea bullata (because of the blisterlike marks on its body – bullate), the seaweeds are part of the genus Hypnea or red seaweeds.
  • They grow in the intertidal regions of the coast, namely the area that is submerged during the high tide and exposed during low tides.

Centre Limits States' Role in Forest Matters

  • According to the Union Environment Ministry, state governments cannot impose any additional environmental or conservation directions for infrastructure projects in forest areas other than what has already been stipulated by the Centre while granting forest clearance to a project.
  • As per experts, the move will further centralise powers to monitor infrastructure projects and constrain state governments' decision-making in issues related to forest and wildlife conservation.
  • Under the Forest Conservation Act, 1980, every time forest land is diverted for non-forest purposes such as mining or industry, the project developer is supposed to identify land for own use and pay for planting forests over an equal area of non-forest land, or when that is not available, twice the area of degraded forest land. Presently, this money gets collected under the compensatory afforestation fund under the Union Environment Ministry and is used for conservation and wildlife management purposes.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Adani Green Energy Acquires Stake in Spinel Energy and Infrastructure

  • Adani Green Energy acquired 100 per cent equity stake in Spinel Energy and Infrastructure from Hindustan Cleanenergy and Peridot Power Ventures.
  • This acquisition is part of AGEL's overall growth strategy where the company is planning to build a capacity of 25 GW by 2025.
  • AGEL's present capacity includes power plants worth 15,240 MW in 86 locations, spread over 11 states in the country.

USTR Proposes Retaliatory Trade Actions against India, 5 other Countries

  • The United States Trade Representative (USTR) has proposed retaliatory trade actions against India and certain other countries that have imposed or are considering equalisation levy/digital services tax on e-commerce companies.
  • It has issued notices seeking public comments on proposed trade actions against six countries, including India.
  • The USTR, in a statement, said that it is proceeding with the public notice and comment process on possible trade actions to preserve procedural options before the conclusion of the statutory one-year time period for completing the investigations.
  • According to a USTR document pertaining to India, it has requested written comments regarding a potential trade action in connection with the Section 301 investigation of India's Digital Services Tax.

HDFC Bank India's Best SME Bank

  • HDFC Bank was adjudged the 'India's Best Bank for SMEs' at the Asiamoney Best Bank Awards 2021. In its evaluation, the magazine said that "HDFC Bank's transformation of its micro, small and medium-sized enterprise (MSME) business over the past few years makes it a worthy winner of this award." The Annual Best Banks survey of the financial magazine based in Hong Kong aims to identify which banks in each market have excelled across a range of core banking activities over the past 12 months.
  • Asiamoney's award decisions were made by a team of senior journalists after receiving detailed submissions from market participants and in conjunction with research into the banking and capital markets by our editorial committee. Senior editors also visited each country or territory to meet leading bankers and gather client and competitor feedback.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Scientists Built a Perfectly Self-replicating Synthetic Cell

  • Scientists have crafted a single-celled synthetic organism that divides and multiplies just like the real thing. The advancement could someday help researchers to build miniscule computers and tiny drug-producing factories, all out of synthesised cells.
  • Of course, that future likely won't be realised for many years to come.
  • "There's just so many ways in which this coming century of biology could potentially change our daily lives for the better," said senior author Elizabeth Strychalski, leader of the Cellular Engineering Group at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). For example, Strychalski and her colleagues plan to engineer living sensors that can take measurements from their surrounding environments, monitoring the acidity, temperature and oxygen levels nearby.
  • These sensor cells could also be manufactured to produce specific products — namely medicines — and could potentially be placed inside the human body itself.

Facebook and Google Plan Undersea Cables to Connect Southeast Asia and America

  • Facebook and Google are planning two new undersea internet cables to connect South East Asia to North America.
  • The project with regional telecoms companies aims to supply faster internet to Singapore and Indonesia.
  • This comes after Facebook withdrew three projects to connect the US to Hong Kong with similar cables, following government concerns over spying.
  • The cables require regulatory approval from the national governments involved.
  • "Named Echo and Bifrost, those will be the first two cables to go through a new diverse route crossing the Java Sea, and they will increase overall subsea capacity in the trans-Pacific by about 70%.
  • The cables will be the first to directly connect North America to the main parts of Indonesia.
  • Echo is due to be completed by 2023, in partnership with Google and Indonesian telecoms company XL Axiata. Bifrost is planned to be completed a year later.
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SPORTS

Thisara Perera First Sri Lankan to Hit Six Sixes an Over

  • All-rounder Thisara Perera became the first Sri Lankan to hit six sixes in an over in any form of professional cricket during a domestic tournament.
  • The 31-year-old achieved the feat during his unbeaten 13-ball 52 while captaining Sri Lanka Army in a group match against Bloomfield Cricket and Athletic Club in the Major Clubs Limited Over List A tournament at the Army Ground in Panagoda town.

Puma Signs Sponsorship Deal with Royal Challengers Bangalore

  • Global sportswear giant Puma has inked a strategic multi-year partnership with Royal Challengers Bangalore as the official kit partner ahead of the 14th edition of the Indian Premier League.
  • With this Puma becomes the only global sportswear brand to be currently associated with an IPL team as a sponsor.
  • The brand had associated with other IPL teams in the past but is now coming back as a team sponsor to the T20 league after a break of nearly eight years.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

New Passenger Train between India and Bangladesh

  • A new passenger train connecting Dhaka and New Jalpaiguri on the Indian side was inaugurated jointly by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his Bangladeshi counterpart Sheikh Hasina via a video conference.
  • This is the third passenger train after Maitree Express (Dhaka-Kolkata) and Bandhan Express (Khulna-Kolkata) running between the two neighbouring countries.
  • The new passenger train, 'Mitali Express', was jointly inaugurated by Modi and Hasina from the Prime Minister's Office in Tejgaon via a video conference.
  • The new inter-country passenger train was launched on the occasion of 'Bangabandhu' Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's birth centenary and golden jubilee of Bangladesh's Independence.

India and South Korea Agree on Joint Production, Export of Military Hardware

  • In a significant move, India and South Korea have agreed to go for joint production and export of military hardware, enhance intelligence sharing and boost cooperation in cyber and space domains as part overall expansion of defence and security ties.
  • The decisions were taken during delegation-level talks between Defence Minister Rajnath Singh and his South Korean counterpart Suh Wook with both sides resolving to give a major push to ramp up ties in strategically key areas.

Prominent Kashmir Leaders Join Sajjad Lone's People's Conference

  • Prominent leaders from Kashmir joined Peoples Conference (PC) in presence of party Chairman Sajjad Gani Lone and other top leaders of the party.
  • Former Minister Syed Basharat Bukhari, former legislators Peer Mansoor Hussain and Khursheed Alam were the leaders who joined the PC.
  • Welcoming Basharat Bukhari, Peerzada Mansoor Hussain and Khursheed Alam into the party fold, PC Chairman Sajjad Gani Lone said that the party will immensely benefit from their experience in politics and public life.
View Month Wise

DEFENCE

India and the US Begin Two-day Naval Exercise

  • India and the US kicked off a two-day naval exercise in the eastern Indian Ocean Region, reflecting the growing congruence in their defence and military partnership.
  • The Indian Navy deployed its warship Shivalik and long-range maritime patrol aircraft P8I in the 'PASSEX' exercise while the US Navy was represented by the USS Theodore Rosevelt carrier strike group.
  • A carrier battle group or carrier strike group is a mega naval fleet comprising an aircraft carrier, accompanied by a large number of destroyers, frigates and other ships.
  • In a first, enhancing jointmanship, Indian Air Force fighters were also included in the exercise affording the IAF an opportunity to practice air interception and air defence with the US Navy.

Robot to Handle Unexploded Ordnance Ready for Tech Transfer

  • A state-of-the-art Unexploded Ordnance Handling Robot (UXOR) that can handle and defuse unexploded ordnance (UXOs) — bombs, motors and missiles — up to 1,000 kg remotely from 1 km Line Of Sight (LOS) is ready for technology transfer to private firms.
  • Designed and developed by the defence research and development organisation's (DRDO) Research and Development Establishment (Engineers), the agency is offering three licences for production of the UXOR, which has already completed user trials with the Indian Air Force (IAF).
  • As per Sateesh Reddy, chairman, DRDO, both the Indian army and the air force are interested in the project.
View Month Wise

DAYS AND EVENTS

Kashmir to Host 6-day Festival to Mark Arrival of Spring

  • Kashmir will host a six-day Tulip Festival' next month to celebrate the arrival of spring, promote tourism, and familiarise visitors with the valley's rich culture and tradition.
  • The festival, beginning on April 3, will be inaugurated by Jammu and Kashmir Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha.
  • A host of activities, including cultural shows and musical evenings, will be held during the festival and national-level and local artists would enthrall the visitors.
  • Around 25 stalls would be set up to display and promote the rich traditions, culture, cuisines and crafts of the valley so that tourists become familiar with them.

Seventh Annual Summit OF NATHEALTH

  • Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare, Dr. Harsh Vardhan, addressed the 7th annual summit of NATHEALTH in virtual mode. The summit focused on 'Indian Health system expansion in post-COVID era'.
  • The primary vision of the policy-framework is to attain highest possible level of health and well-being for all irrespective of all age groups. To attain this vision, the policy emphasizes on preventive & promotive aspects of health and providing universal access to good quality healthcare services. Government also launched Ayushman Bharat program with the objective of providing Universal Free Access to primary health care, promoting health and wellbeing.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

Carmen Maria Machado Wins Rathbones Folio Prize

  • American author Carmen Maria Machado has won the Rathbones Folio Prize for her memoir, In the Dream House. In the 2019 book, the author outlines her experiences in a same-sex relationship with her former partner, and the abuse she was subjected to. It is at once an inventive and radical work, a true testimony to her narrative gift.
  • The Rathbones Folio Prize is a literary award that was backed by London-based publisher The Folio Society in the initial two years. In 2017, Rathbone Investment Management joined as the sponsor and the name changed from Folio Prize to what it is known as today.
View Month Wise

GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

IIT Guwahati and Gifu University, Japan, Award Degrees

  • Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati and Gifu University, Japan, have awarded the first batch of Joint International Master's Programme in Food Science and Technology. This award ceremony was organised at Gifu University, Japan, in the virtual presence of Prof. T. G. Sitharam, Director, Prof. S. K. Kakoty, Deputy Director, IIT Guwahati, Prof. Chitralekha Mahanta, Dean, Academic Affairs, Prof. Mihir Purkait, Dean, Alumni & External Relations and other dignitaries.

J&K Samagra Shiksha E-launches Talaash App for Mapping Out of School Children

  • In an effort to track the education of children across the state, the Samagra Shiksha, Department of School Education, Jammu and Kashmir, has e-launched the 'Talaash' app for mainstreaming of Out of School Children (OOSC).
  • The app was launched by Project Director Samagra Shiksha J&K, Dr. Arun Manhas. The OOSC programme aims to enumerate and keep track of OOSC in a timely and quality manner, through intensive data analysis and monitoring.
  • The application is meant for easy use on smartphones by teachers and others, conducting the mapping/surveys. It would make data collection and entry one step, eliminating the need for a manual compilation of data and for sending to the block or any other level for data entry.
View Month Wise

BOOKS AND AUTHORS

Kate Launches Book of Portraits to Remember Pandemic

  • Kate, the Duchess of Cambridge, launched a book of photographic portraits taken during Britain's COVID-19 lockdowns that she said would provide a lasting record of the pandemic.
  • Kate, who is married to Prince William, the Queen's grandson and second in line to the throne, began the project with the National Portrait Gallery last year, inviting people to submit photos taken during Britain's first coronavirus lockdown.
  • A panel of judges including Kate chose 100 portraits from over 31,000 entries, which were shown in digital and community exhibitions before the book was announced.
  • Through 'Hold Still', I wanted to use the power of photography to create a lasting record of what we were all experiencing – to capture individuals' stories and document significant moments for families and communities as we lived through the pandemic," Kate wrote in the introduction to the book.
  • The book, called "Hold Still: A Portrait of Our Nation in 2020", will be available from May 7, exactly a year after the project began. Net proceeds will be split between the National Portrait Gallery and the British mental health charity Mind.

PM Modi Unveils New Version of 'Exam Warriors'

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced the release of updated edition of Exam Warriors, saying that the fresh edition is enriched with valuable inputs from students, parents and teachers.
  • He said that substantive new parts have been added in the new edition of Exam Warriors that would especially interest the parents and teachers.
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