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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

29 Aug 2020

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

UN Chief Asks G20 Nations, Including India, to Invest in Clean Transition

  • UN chief Antonio Guterres renewed his call on India and other G20 countries to invest in a clean and sustainable transition as they recover from the Covid-19 pandemic, expressing deep concern over the continued support for polluting fossil fuels by nations across the world.
  • UN Secretary-General Guterres, virtually delivered the 19th Darbari Seth Memorial Lecture by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), and said that clean energy and closing the energy access gap are good business.
  • "They are the ticket to growth and prosperity. Yet, here in India, subsidies for fossil fuels are still some seven times more than subsidies for clean energy," he said.
  • Guterres praised India for raising the proportion of renewable energy in its total consumption to 24 per cent from 17 per cent despite the Covid-19 pandemic.

India 72nd on Global List with Average Monthly Wage of Rs. 32,800

  • India was ranked a lowly 72nd among 106 countries in terms of the average wage per month, while Switzerland topped the chart, according to a global ranking of average wages prepared by Picodi.com. With an average monthly wage of Rs. 32,800 (USD 437), an international e-commerce platform which provides discount coupons.
  • Switzerland, where the average wage converted into rupees amounts to Rs 4,49,000 (USD 5,989), topped the ranking, while in Cuba the average wage is the lowest at Rs. 2,700 (USD 36).
  • Switzerland was followed by Luxembourg and the United States, whose citizens on an average earn Rs. 3,00,900 (USD 4,014) and Rs. 2,64,900 (USD 3,534), respectively.
  • Others in the top ten list include Denmark (USD 3,515), Singapore (USD 3,414), Australia (USD 3,333), Qatar (USD 3,232), Norway (USD 3,174), Hong Kong (USD 3,024) and Iceland (USD 2,844).

Japan's PM Resigns for Health Reasons

  • Japanese PM Shinzo Abe announced his resignation for health reasons.
  • He said that he did not want his illness to get in the way of decision making, and apologised to the Japanese people for failing to complete his term in office.
  • The 65-year-old has suffered for many years from ulcerative colitis, an inflammatory bowel disease, but his condition had worsened recently.
  • Last year, he became Japan's longest serving Prime Minister. His current period in office began in 2012.
  • He will remain in his post until a successor is chosen.
  • Mr. Abe has a reputation as a staunch conservative and nationalist, and for stimulating growth with his aggressive economic policy known as "Abenomics".
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ENVIRONMENT

Highest Rainfall Since 1976 in India in August 2020

  • As per IMD, India has received the highest rainfall in August this year since 1976 — 25 per cent more than the average, after recording 10 per cent less downpour than the average in July, thus setting a new record after 44 years.
  • The India Meteorological Department (IMD) however, has forecast that the monsoon may slow down in September.
  • The latest IMD report said that from August 1 to 28, India has received 296.2 mm of rainfall while the average rainfall during the month is 237.2 mm. Thus, the country has received 25 per cent more rainfall in August than the average.
  • Previously in 1976, the month of August had received 28.4 per cent more rainfall than the average, while the highest rainfall in August was in 1926 — between 1901 and 2020. In 1926, 33 per cent more rainfall was recorded than the average.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Next Tranche of Gold Bond to Open for Subscription

  • According to a statement by RBI, the issue price for the sixth tranche of the Sovereign Gold Bond Scheme has been fixed at Rs. 5,117 per gram,.
  • The Sovereign Gold Bond Scheme 2020-21 series VI will open for subscription on August 31, 2020 and close on September 4, 2020.
  • The government, in consultation with the RBI, has decided to offer a discount of Rs. 50 per gram less than the nominal value to those investors applying online and the payment against the application is made through digital mode.
  • Sovereign Gold Bond (SGB) 2020-21 is issued by the Reserve Bank India on behalf of the Government of India.
  • The bonds are denominated in multiples of gram(s) of gold with a basic unit of 1 gram and the tenor of the SGB will be eight years with exit option after fifth year to be exercised on the interest payment dates.
  • The bonds are restricted for sale to resident individuals, Hindu Undivided Families (HUFs), Trusts, Universities and Charitable Institutions.

Ravi Shankar Prasad Launches "Chunauti" - Next Generation Start-up Challenge Contest

  • The Union Information Technology Minister Ravi Shankar Prasad launched "Chunauti"- Next Generation Start-up Challenge Contest to boost startups and software products with special focus on Tier-II towns of India.
  • The programme aims to identify around 300 start-ups working in identified areas and provide them seed fund of upto Rs. 25 Lakh and other facilities. The government has earmarked an amount worth Rs. 95.03 crore over a period of 3 years for the programme.
  • Under the contest, the Electronics and IT Ministry will invite startups in the following areas of work:
  • 1. Edu-Tech, Agri-Tech & Fin-Tech Solutions for masses
  • 2. Supply Chain, Logistics & Transportation Management
  • 3. Infrastructure & Remote monitoring
  • 4. Medical Healthcare, Diagnostic, Preventive & Psychological Care
  • 5. Jobs & Skilling, Linguistic tools & technologies
  • The start-ups selected through the Chunauti contest will then be provided various support from the Government through Software Technology Parks of India centers across India.
  • he start-ups will be provided with incubation facilities, mentorship, access to venture capitalist funding, security testing facilities, industry connect and advisories in legal, HR, IPR and Patent matters.
  • The government will also provide them with a seed fund of upto Rs. 25 Lakh. The startups will also be provided with cloud credits from leading cloud service providers.

Banks Board Bureau Recommends Dinesh Khara as SBI Chairman

  • The Banks Board Bureau recommended Dinesh Kumar Khara for the post of chairman of State Bank of India (SBI), the country's largest lender. However, the government will take the final call on the appointment.
  • Khara, the senior-most managing director at SBI, who looks after global banking, associates, and subsidiaries, will replace Rajnish Kumar, whose term as chairman comes to an end on October 7, 2020.
  • The Bureau, the headhunter for state-owned banks and financial institutions, interviewed the four managing directors of SBI. Keeping in view their performance in the interface and their overall experience, the Bureau recommended Dinesh Kumar Khara for the vacancy of chairman.
  • The Bureau also recommended Challa Sreenivasulu Setty as the candidate on the reserve list for the post.
  • The two other MDs were Arijit Basu, who is slated to retire next month, and Ashwani Bhatia, who was appointed MD early this month.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

NASA's Hubble Telescope Maps Giant Halo Around Andromeda Galaxy

  • In a landmark study, scientists using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope have mapped the immense envelope of gas, called a halo, surrounding the Andromeda galaxy, our nearest large galactic neighbor. Scientists were surprised to find that this tenuous, nearly invisible halo of diffuse plasma extends 1.3 million light-years from the galaxy—about halfway to our Milky Way—and as far as 2 million light-years in some directions. This means that Andromeda's halo is already bumping into the halo of our own galaxy.
  • They also found that the halo has a layered structure, with two main nested and distinct shells of gas. This is the most comprehensive study of a halo surrounding a galaxy.
  • Understanding the huge halos of gas surrounding galaxies is immensely important. This reservoir of gas contains fuel for future star formation within the galaxy, as well as outflows from events such as supernovae. It's full of clues regarding the past and future evolution of the galaxy.
  • A signature of this activity is the team's discovery of a large amount of heavy elements in the gaseous halo of Andromeda. Heavier elements are cooked up in the interiors of stars and then ejected into space—sometimes violently as a star dies. The halo is then contaminated with this material from stellar explosions.
  • The Andromeda galaxy, also known as M31, is a majestic spiral of perhaps as many as 1 trillion stars and comparable in size to our Milky Way. At a distance of 2.5 million light-years, it is so close to us that the galaxy appears as a cigar-shaped smudge of light high in the autumn sky.
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SPORTS

Russia Sacks Head of Sports Anti-doping Agency

  • Russia has dismissed the outspoken head of its national anti-doping agency, Rusada, after the country's Olympic committee accused him of presiding over serious financial violations.
  • Yuri Ganus, who denied the allegations, said that he was being removed because of his zero-tolerance approach to doping.
  • The World Anti-Doping Agency (Wada) has voiced concern at his dismissal.
  • Mr. Ganus was appointed three years ago on a mission to clean up Russian sport after multiple doping scandals.
  • He took a tough approach, increasing spot checks on athletes and refusing a request for a five-minute warning when inspectors were on their way.
  • Last December, Wada banned Russia from big global sporting events for four years, including the Tokyo Olympics and the 2022 World Cup in Qatar.
  • Mr. Gunus's sacking comes as Rusada is awaiting the result of its appeal against the ban.
  • The appeal will be heard by the Court of Arbitration for Sport, based Lausanne, Switzerland, in November.
  • The appointment of Yuri Ganus was seen as a fresh start: a sign to the rest of the world that Russia was cleaning up its act in sport after multiple scandals over doping.
View Month Wise

NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Bureau of Police Research and Development (BPR&D) Celebrates its Golden Jubilee Anniversary

  • The Bureau of Police Research and Development, BPR&D celebrated its Golden Jubilee Anniversary.
  • Greeting BPR&D on the occasion, Prime Minister Narendra Modi said that over the last 50 years, the organisation has been unwavering in its commitment in the service of the nation. He said, Government has laid emphasis on a modern, effective and sensitive security architecture that inspires a sense of safety among all sections of the society.
  • A function was organised in virtual mode to mark the Golden Jubilee Anniversary of BPR&D. Union Minister of State for Home Affairs G. Kishan Reddy attended the function as the chief guest.
  • In his address Mr. Reddy said that new thinking and emerging technologies and making police forces capable for the security of the nation is an important aspect of a new and Atmanirbhar Bharat.
  • On the occasion, Mr. Reddy inaugurated Central Detective Training Institute, CDTI, Jaipur and launched website of Student Police Cadets. A postal stamp, souvenir and compendium were also released on Golden Jubilee of BPR&D.
  • The Bureau of Police Research and Development was raised on 28th August, 1970, through a resolution of Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, with a mandate to promote excellence in policing, promote speedy and systematic study of police problems, apply science and technology in the method and techniques by the police.

JK Government Launches E-Auction Portal for Kashmir Saffron

  • The Jammu and Kashmir Government created an e-auction portal 'India International Kashmir Saffron Trading Centre (IIKSTC)' for farmers of Geographical Indications (GI)-tagged 'Kashmir Saffron'.
  • The aim of this step is to help buyers have access to good quality saffron.
  • The centre will help both buyers and sellers in online trading on www.saffroneauctionindia.com and help them avoid middlemen a secure a better price for the produce.
  • The saffron will now be properly tested by the centre, which will have facilities to dry the product in latest technology vacuums. It will also be properly packed with proper code to avoid manipulation.
View Month Wise

DEFENCE

Four Artillery Systems from Kalyani Group Being Tested by Indian Army

  • Kalyani Group developed artillery systems are in the race to be officially be inducted into the Indian Army sometime shortly. Four artillery systems developed by the Kalyani Group have finally moved from internal trials to the user trials stage and soon might be on its way to be inducted into the Indian Army.
  • Garuda 105 mounted on a light tactical vehicle, Bharat-52, 155mm/39cal ULH and Truck mounted 155mm/39cal ULH are four artillery systems which are being tested by the Indian Army, where else Bharat-52 a 155mm, 52 caliber towed howitzer has reached final trials round and around 400 numbers will be ordered once it is cleared by the Indian Army. Elbit Systems developed Athos 2052 towed gun had won the Tender but sources now suggest that it might be replaced with Bharat-52 instead.
View Month Wise

PERSONS IN NEWS

Veteran Assamese Singer Archana Mahanta Passes Away

  • Veteran Assamese singer Archana Mahanta passed away at a city hospital. She was 72. Mahanta had suffered a stroke in mid July and her condition deteriorated since.
  • She was the widow of renowned singer Khagen Mahanta — popularly referred to as 'King of Bihu' — and the mother of popular singer Angaraag 'Papon' Mahanta.
  • Along with her husband, Mahanta is credited with popularising Assamese folk music in her long singing career. The musical couple often performed together, singing many duet hits.

Former Supreme Court judge A. R. Lakshmanan Passes Away

  • Former Supreme Court judge Justice A.R. Lakshmanan died at a private hospital in Tiruchi. His wife Meenakshi Aachi had died earlier this month, and he was in grief.
  • In 1990, he was appointed as a judge of Madras High Court and was elevated as Chief Justice of Kerala High Court in 1997. Thereafter, he served as Chief Justice of Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh High Courts till 2002.
  • Justice Lakshmanan was appointed a judge of the Supreme Court in 2002 and retired in 2007. He was part of the Bench that banned smoking in public places. Subsequently, he held the post of Chairman of the Law Commission and submitted 32 reports to the government on judicial reforms.
  • Justice Lakshmanan was associated with various clubs and sabhas in Chennai and in Karaikudi.
View Month Wise

DAYS AND EVENTS

Telugu Language Day

  • The State government celebrated birth anniversary of Gidugu Venkata Ramamurthy, father of spokenTelugu language movement, as the Telugu Language Day.
  • The event was celebrated as the State festival at Thummalapalli Kalakshetra in Vijayawada on August 29 in line with the policy of the TDP government to celebrate the birth anniversaries of eminent people who spread the greatness of Telugu language, culture and art and traditions as State festivals.
  • The Department of Culture sanctioned Rs.10,000 to each district for celebrating the birth anniversary of Venkata Ramamurthy who was also a social reformer and rationalist.
  • Late Venkata Ramamurthy was the first person who strove for popularising Telugu prose in colloquial language as against the chaste and literary form of Telugu that was the norm in pre-independence era.
  • His objective was to promote the Telugu prose in a simple language so that even common people could understand it and brought out the beauty in the spoken language.

International Day against Nuclear Tests

  • On 2nd December 2009, the 64th session of the United Nations General Assembly declared 29th August the International Day against Nuclear Tests by unanimously adopting resolution 64/35. The resolution calls for increasing awareness and education "about the effects of nuclear weapon test explosions or any other nuclear explosions and the need for their cessation as one of the means of achieving the goal of a nuclear-weapon-free world." The resolution was initiated by the Republic of Kazakhstan, together with a large number of sponsors and cosponsors with a view to commemorating the closure of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test site on 29th August 1991.
  • 2010 marked the inaugural commemoration of the International Day against Nuclear Tests. In each subsequent year, the day has been observed by coordinating various activities throughout the world, such as symposia, conferences, exhibits, competitions, publications, lectures, media broadcasts and other initiatives.
  • Since its establishment, many bilateral and multilateral governmental level developments as well as broad movements in civil society have helped to advance the cause of banning nuclear tests.
  • The international instrument to put an end to all forms of nuclear testing is the 1996 Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT). Unfortunately, this has yet to enter into force.

National Sports Day

  • National Sports Day is celebrated on August 29 every year to honour the hockey legend, Major Dhyan Chand. The Government of India decided to celebrate his birthday as the National Sports Day since 2012. Union Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports Kiren Rijiju paid tribute to Major Dhyan Chand at Dhyan Chand Stadium in New Delhi on his birth anniversary.
  • Due to Covid-19 pandemic, this year President Ram Nath Kovind gaive National Sports and Adventure Awards virtually on National Sports Day. Kiren Rijiju, Narendra Dhruv Batra—President of the Indian Olympic Association and other dignitaries attend the ceremony from Vigyan Bhavan, New Delhi.
  • Major Dhyan Chand, the greatest hockey player of India won three Olympic gold medals. At the Berlin Olympic Games in 1936, Dhyan Chand was appointed as the captain of the Indian Hockey team. Dhyan Chand had scored more than 400 international goals in his international career from 1926 to 1948. He was awarded Padma Bhushan, the third-highest civilian honour in the year 1956 by Government of India.
  • Major Dhyan Chand Singh came to be known as 'Wizard of Hockey', worldwide.
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AWARDS AND HONOURS

BBMB Bags Environment Award

  • The Bhakra Beas Management Board (BBMB) was conferred with the Silver Award in the 7th Exceed Environment Award - 2020" under Environment Preservation category in the power sector.
  • The award was presented to BBMB by the Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Prakash Javadekar, in a virtual webinar organised by the Sustainable Development Foundation.
  • BBMB annually generates 10,000 to 14,000 million units of green and pollution-free hydropower for its partner states. As part of its commitment towards preserving the environment at all its project stations, BBMB is planting trees every year in catchment area of its projects to prevent soil erosion and also to reduce carbon dioxide in the environment. Last year, BBMB planted seven lakh saplings with survival rate of 80 per cent.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

IIT-Indore Teaches Ancient Sciences and Mathematics in Sanskrit

  • The Indian Institute of Technology here has introduced a unique course to impart mathematical and scientific knowledge from ancient texts in Sanskrit, an official said on Saturday. Titled "Understanding Classical Scientific Texts of India in an Immersive Sanskrit Environment", the course was started to in a bid to expose the present generation to ancient knowledge.
  • The All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE)-sponsored quality improvement programme will continue till October 2 with a total of 62 hours of online classes.
  • Over 750 candidates from all over the world are participating in the course.
  • According to an IIT official, the course has been divided into two parts, under which participants will first be taught the nuances of Sanskrit to build their understanding of the language and in the next part, they will be taught classical mathematics in Sanskrit.
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