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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

03 Aug 2020

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Prachanda Launches Fresh Salvo against PM K. P. Sharma Oli

  • Nepal's former Maoist leader and PM aspirant Prachanda continues to be adamant as he launched a fresh salvo against PM K. P. Sharma Oli undermining Communist unity in the Himalayan State notwithstanding desperate measures by China to safeguard the regime.
  • As per reports, Prachanda launched a tirade against Oli for delaying the debate in the ruling Nepal Communist Party (NCP), particularly in the Standing Committee –– the highest decision-making body of the party.
  • Both Dahal and Oli have been sticking to their guns even as the Chinese envoy in Kathmandu is trying her best to unite the two camps. Political circles in Nepal are not confident if Chinese President Xi Jinping's remarks on China-Nepal ties will be enough to safeguard Communist unity.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Listed Entities Get 3 Years to Meet Criteria of Minimum 25% Public Shareholding

  • The government has notified changes in the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Rules, 1957, providing more time to listed entities to meet criteria of minimum public shareholding of 25 per cent.
  • The changes have come into force from the date of their publication in the official gazette.
  • Once a company is listed, its promoters are required to bring down their shareholding down to 75 per cent within the stipulated minimum shareholding period so as to meet minimum public float of 25 per cent.
  • The latest notification is the second major relief companies have got in this regard on account of the COVID-19 pandemic. On May 14, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) relaxed the applicability of action on non-compliant entities.

Grants Given under Women Entrepreneurship & Empowerment Cohort Initiative

  • The Women Entrepreneurship and Empowerment, WEE cohort initiative helps women ranging from college going students to middle-aged housewives to take up entrepreneurship as a viable, fulfilling career option. It is India's first of its kind initiative to strengthen women's ecosystem at IIT Delhi, supported and sponsored by the Department of Science and Technology.
  • The cash awards in the form of a grant totalling Rs. 25 lakh have been presented to 11 Women entrepreneurs.
  • Kalpana Arora, who has done a Doctorate in wastewater management from IIT Delhi, has been awarded for her products like sanitizers from wastewater. She is a social entrepreneur and works for tribal women and farmers in the hilly region of Uttarakhand through Self Help Groups.

Global Investors Drive Record Inflows into Chinese Bonds in July

  • Foreign investors made record net purchases of Chinese bonds traded through the country's Bond Connect programme in July, boosted by record yield premiums over U.S. debt.
  • Net inflows into Chinese bonds through Bond Connect, which gives global investors access to the country's onshore bond market through Hong Kong, totalled 75.5 billion yuan ($10.83 billion) in July.
  • Bond Connect Co. is a joint venture between the China Foreign Exchange Trade System (CFETS) and Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Ltd.
  • Total trading volumes stood at 446.9 billion yuan in July. That was up 5.9% from a month earlier, but below a record 478.2 billion yuan in March, when the rapid international spread of the new coronavirus drove a global flight to safety.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

SpaceX Brings NASA Crew Back to Earth

  • Two NASA astronauts returned to Earth in a dramatic, retro-style splashdown, their capsule parachuting into the Gulf of Mexico to close out an unprecedented test flight by Elon Musk's SpaceX company.
  • It was the first splashdown by US astronauts in 45 years, with the first commercially built and operated spacecraft to carry people to and from orbit. The return clears the way for another SpaceX crew launch as early as next month and possible tourist flights next year.
  • Test pilots Doug Hurley and Bob Behnken arrived back on Earth in their SpaceX Dragon capsule named Endeavour, less than a day after departing the International Space Station and two months after blasting off from Florida.
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SPORTS

German Footballer Benedikt Howedes Retires

  • German footballer Benedikt Howedes retired from football. He was part of the 2014 world-cup winning Germany team. He was one of the 3 players who had played every minute for the team in the tournament.
  • Benedikt Howedes has played 44 times for German National Team from 2011-17.
  • In September 2007, German Football Association honoured him with the Fritz Walter Medal, under-19 Gold Medal which is given to the best youth players.
  • He has played for clubs Schalke 04, Juventus and Lokomotiv Moscow.
  • He played for the youth team at Schalke and then for the senior's club from 2007-18. He spent an injury-troubled loan spell in Juventus in 2017-18.
  • The defender was last playing for Lokomotiv Moscow in Russian League and left it by mutual consent after the league was called-off due to coronavirus.

Gianni Infantino: FIFA President to Continue in Role amid Criminal Investigation

  • FIFA president Gianni Infantino will remain in the role while he is a subject of a criminal investigation.
  • Last week, prosecutors in Switzerland launched legal proceedings against Infantino in relation to an alleged secret meeting he held with the Swiss Attorney General Michael Lauber.
  • Both men have denied any wrongdoing.
  • As per FIFA, which is based in Zurich, the meetings were routine and nothing remotely criminal has happened.
  • Special prosecutor Stefan Keller was appointed in June to review criminal complaints against the two men and others.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Home Ministry Seeks 3 more Months to Frame CAA Rules

  • As per reports, the Home Ministry has sought an additional three months' time for framing rules of the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA).
  • The plea was made before the Department Related Standing Committee for Subordinate Legislation as according to the Manual on Parliamentary Work, the rules for any legislation should be framed within six months of the presidential assent or an extension must be sought.
  • The controversial CAA, which facilitates granting of Indian citizenship to persecuted non-Muslim minorities of Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan, was passed by Parliament nearly eight months ago and had led to protests in different parts of the country.
  • The home ministry's move came after the panel enquired about the status of the rules for the CAA.

BCAS Issues Guidelines for Drone Operating Systems

  • Aviation security regulator BCAS issued guidelines for drone operating systems, which act like cockpits on the ground to remotely pilot the unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • The BCAS listed out rules that should be followed for cyber security, storage facility, training and background check of staff for drone operating systems or remotely piloted aircraft systems.
  • A remotely piloted aircraft (RPA), its associated remote pilot station, its required command and control links and any other components constitute a remotely piloted aircraft system (RPAS).
  • An RPA or drone is in nano or mini category if it has weight less than 250 grams. If its weight is between 250 grams and 2 kg, it is in the micro category.
  • According to BCAS, the remote pilot station in the RPAS is of "fixed and exposed" nature as opposed to the "restricted nature" of a commercial plane where the intrusion and use of heavier weapons is less likely.
  • Therefore, further consideration must be given to the "potential vulnerability" of the premises of the remote pilot stations against unlawful interferenc.
  • The operator of RPAS must obtain relevant permissions from the local administration and the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) before operating the RPAS.

AP Governor Clears Three State-capital Bill and CRDA Repeal Bill 2020

  • The Governor of Andhra Pradesh (AP) Biswa Bhusan Harichandan gave his assent to the Andhra Pradesh Decentralisation and Inclusive Development of All Regions and Andhra Pradesh Capital Region Development Authority (CRDA) Repeal Bills – 2020.
  • The clearance of the decentralisation Bill facilitates the development of Amaravati, Kurnool and Visakhapatnam as the Legislative, Judicial and Executive Capitals respectively.
  • On the other hand, the repeal (revoke) of the CRDA paves the way for the formation of the Amaravati Metropolitan Region Development Authority.
  • The two Bills were passed only by the Legislative Assembly twice, first on January 20, 2020 and next on June 16, 2020 and were not cleared by the Legislative Council. The Council Chairman referred the two Bills to Select Committees for wider examinations but the Committees were not constituted all these months.
  • On the other hand, the government sent the Bills to the Governor for his assent under Article 197 (1) and (2) of the Constitution and, after wide-ranging legal consultations; he gave his assent to the new legislation.
  • Visakhapatnam will have the Raj Bhavan, the Secretariat and offices of the Heads of Departments, and Amaravati will be the seat of the Legislature. The seat of all State judicial institutions established under the State legislation will be located in Kurnool.
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PERSONS IN NEWS

UP Minister Kamal Rani Varun Passes Away

  • Uttar Pradesh minister Kamal Rani Varun, who had earlier tested positive for the novel coronavirus, died due to the infection in Lucknow. She was 62.
  • Kamal Rani Varun, who served as Minister of Technical Education, is the first minister in Uttar Pradesh to die after contracting coronavirus.
  • Kamal Rani was MLA from Ghatampur in Kanpur. In the past, she was also a Member of Parliament in the Lok Sabha twice.
  • Kamal Rani was the only woman cabinet minister in UP following Rita Bahuguna Joshi's resignation after getting elected to the Lok Sabha.
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DAYS AND EVENTS

World Sanskrit Day

  • World Sanskrit Day, also known as Vishvasamskritadinam is an annual event focused around the ancient Indian language of Sanskrit that incorporates lectures about the language and is aimed to promote its revival and maintenance. It is celebrated on Shraavanapoornima, that is the Poornima day of the Shraavana month in the Hindu calendar. The Sanskrit organisation Samskrita Bharati is involved in promoting the day. In the year 2020, this day is celebrated on August 03.
  • The only Sanskrit newspaper in the world is called 'Sudharma'. The newspaper has been published since 1970 from Mysuru in Karnataka, and is also available online, given the fact that Sanskrit is said to be the most computer-friendly language.
  • Besides being the celebration of the language, the day essentially speaks of the importance of learning and knowing it, despite it being not as widely spoken as in ancient times. The day aims to educate younger generations of the history and the significance of the language. In schools and colleges, students who are learning the language, take part in many cultural programmes and competitions.
View Month Wise

GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND SCHEMES

Rajasthan to Start Indira Rasoi Yojana

  • Chief Minister Ashok Gehlot directed officials to start the Indira Rasoi Yojana in urban areas of Rajasthan from August 20. Reviewing the preparations for the scheme, named after former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, Gehlot said that the state government would spend Rs. 100 crore per year on it. The poor would get quality nutritious food for just Rs. 8.
  • As per the chief minister, the scheme should be implemented with the spirit of public service, transparency and public participation so that it becomes an example in the direction of providing food security to the poor in the country.
  • The chief minister also directed to constitute a committee at the state and district levels to ensure the quality of food.
  • The state government would give a grant of Rs. 12 per plate.
  • The scheme will be run in all 213 urban local bodies of the state.

MSME Launches Programme under "Gramodyog Vikas Yojana"

  • Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (M/o MSME) approved a programme under "Gramodyog Vikas Yojana" for the benefit of artisans involved in manufacturing of Agarbatti and to develop village industry.
  • Initially four Pilot Projects will be started, including one in the North Eastern part of the country. Each targeted cluster of artisans will be supported with about 50 Automatic Agarbatti making machines and 10 Mixing machines.
  • As a part of the programme, a total of 200 Automatic Agarbatti making machines and 40 mixing machines will be provided to the artisans.
  • The Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC), under the M/o MSME, will provide training, and assist artisans with Agarbatti manufacturing machines.
  • KVIC will also tie up with Khadi institutions / Agarbatti manufacturers in the country, having a good track record, to provide work and raw material.
  • The program will immediately generate a minimum of about 500 additional jobs and will reduce imports of Agarbatti.
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GENDER/ HEALTH/ EDUCATION

IIT-JEE Advanced Not to be Held in Foreign Centres

  • The Joint Entrance Exam (JEE) Advanced — entrance exam for admission to IITs — will not take place in any of the foreign exam centres this year due to the coronavirus pandemic. The exam will be conducted by the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi on September 27. "Due to the current restrictions imposed on foreign travel and visa issuance, it is decided not to conduct JEE (Advanced) 2020 in foreign centres. All eligible candidates staying abroad may select their preferred choices from the list of exam cities in India for taking JEE (Advanced) 2020.
  • Every year, few exam centres are set-up outside India for foreign nationals and NRIs. Among Indians, top 2-2.5 lakh rank holders in the JEE Main exam are eligible to appear for JEE Advanced every year. This year, however, there are several changes in the exam due to the pandemic.
  • The minimum requirement of having 75 per cent marks in class 12 level board exams has been waived off as not all exams could take place due to the pandemic. Now, students who meet the merit as per JEE Advanced and have passed class 12 will be considered for admissions to IITs.

IIT-JEE Advanced Not to be Held in Foreign Centres

  • The Joint Entrance Exam (JEE) Advanced — entrance exam for admission to IITs — will not take place in any of the foreign exam centres this year due to the coronavirus pandemic. The exam will be conducted by the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi on September 27. "Due to the current restrictions imposed on foreign travel and visa issuance, it is decided not to conduct JEE (Advanced) 2020 in foreign centres. All eligible candidates staying abroad may select their preferred choices from the list of exam cities in India for taking JEE (Advanced) 2020.
  • Every year, few exam centres are set-up outside India for foreign nationals and NRIs. Among Indians, top 2-2.5 lakh rank holders in the JEE Main exam are eligible to appear for JEE Advanced every year. This year, however, there are several changes in the exam due to the pandemic.
  • The minimum requirement of having 75 per cent marks in class 12 level board exams has been waived off as not all exams could take place due to the pandemic. Now, students who meet the merit as per JEE Advanced and have passed class 12 will be considered for admissions to IITs.
View Month Wise

BOOKS AND AUTHORS

Booklet on 'Best Practices in Digital India Land Records Modernisation Programme'

  • Narendra Singh Tomar, Union Minister of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, released a booklet on 'Best Practices in Digital India Land Records Modernisation Programme (DILRMP)' prepared by Department of Land Resources (DoLR), Ministry of Rural Development based on the presentations made by states during regional and national workshops since inception of the programme.
  • This book is a collection of different best practices that focus on addressing various issues, challenges, and threats to the implementation of DILRMP.
  • The book discusses very scientifically the methods adopted by the states for better land record management.
  • It provides useful inputs to identify areas of innovation and helps other states to use similar innovative practices to gain a more comprehensive understanding of ground-level realities.
  • The Land Reforms (LR) Division was implementing 2 Centrally Sponsored Schemes namely, Computerisation of Land Records (CLR) & Strengthening of Revenue Administration and Updating of Land Records (SRA&ULR).
  • The Cabinet in August 2008 had given approval for merger of these schemes into a modified Scheme named DILRMP.

Matthew McConaughey Announces Release of First Memoir 'Greenlights'

  • 'Greenlights' is the debut book authored by Oscar-winning actor Matthew McConaughey published by Crown Publishing Group is set to be released on 20th October 2020. The book is described as "not a traditional memoir but a playbook" based on the adventures and life experiences of McConaughey.
  • McConaughey describes 'Greenlights' as an album, a record and the story of his life and he shared his anecdotes, poems and life lessons in this book.
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