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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

06 Jul 2019

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Sri Lanka Supreme Court stays Death Penalty

  • The Supreme Court of Sri Lanka stayed the death penalty for four persons convicted on drug-related offences until October 30, temporarily preventing the country's first hanging in 43 years.
  • In June, President Maithripala Sirisenahe signed papers to execute four convicts, effectively ending a 43-year-old moratorium on capital punishment. Amid concern voiced by local and international rights groups, President Sirisena has defended his stance while criticising those opposed to his move.
  • Appearing for one of the convicts, Tamil National Alliance (TNA) MP and President's Counsel M.A. Sumanthiran argued that around the time Sri Lanka's current Constitution was adopted in 1978, when President J.R. Jayawardene was at the helm, the country's policy was that in a "Dharmishta" (righteous) society, the State shall not put an end to any person's life. The last time Sri Lanka executed someone was in 1976.

Rule of Law in Venezuela

  • The UN rights chief warned that the rule of law has eroded in Venezuela, pointing to attacks on political opponents and activists, including torture and thousands of killings by security forces.
  • Presenting a damning report to the UN Human Rights Council, Michelle Bachelet said that attempting to exercise the most basic rights like freedom of opinion, expression, association and assembly entails a risk of reprisals and repression.
  • Essential institutions and the rule of law in Venezuela have been eroded.
  • She decried attacks against actual or perceived political opponents and human rights defenders ranging from threats and smear campaigns to arbitrary detention, torture, ill-treatment, sexual violence, killings and enforced disappearance.
  • Venezuela immediately slammed the report, which was published and followed a visit by the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights to the troubled South American country last month.
  • As per William Castillo, Venezuela's deputy foreign minister, the report is dominated by a selective and partial vision and demanding a correction.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Top Brass of Mindtree Quit

  • Home-grown tech and digital transformation firm Mindtree has announced a few significant top leadership changes after the manufacturing major Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T) gained a controlling stake in the company.
  • The company said that its co-founders Krishnakumar Natarajan, Executive Chairman; N S Parthasarathy, Executive Vice Chairman and Chief Operating Officer; and Rostow Ravanan, the Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director of the company, submitted their resignations as members of the Board of Directors of Mindtree Ltd.
  • Mindtree would announce a new leadership team in due course.
  • The trio would stay as Board members till July 17 and as employees in line with their employment contracts to ensure smooth transition. Further, along with the other founders of the company, they have asked the company to de-classify them as promoters under applicable laws.

Highlights of Union Budget 2019

  • Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman presented the maiden budget of Narendra Modi 2.0 government in the Lok Sabha. "Gaon, Garib and Kisan'' [village, poor, and farmer] is at the centre of all policies of this government. Between 2014 and 2019, the government provided rejuvenated dynamic Centre-State cooperative federalism, and the GST Council.
  • Here are the highlights of the Union Budget:
1. PAN and Aadhaar will become interchangeable. You can use your Aadhaar number to file your I-T Returns soon.
2. Rs. 5 lakh minimum limit announced for taxpayers. In view of rising income levels, those in the Rs. 2-5 crore and Rs.5 crore-and-above brackets will see increase in effective tax rate by 3% and 7%, respectively.
3. GST rate on electric vehicles proposed to be lowered to 5%. Additional income tax deduction of Rs. 1.5 lakh on interest on loans taken to purchase electric vehicles.
4. Additional deduction of Rs. 1.5 lakh on loans up to March 31, 2020 for buying affordable houses, giving Rs. 7 lakh benefit to home buyers.
5. Proposal to provide Aadhaar cards for NRIs with Indian passports, after their arrival in India, with no waiting period.
6. Rs. 20 coin coming up.
7. Excise duty on fuel hiked by Rs. 1.
8. To resolve the angel tax issue, startups will not be subject to any scrutiny in respect to valuation. Funds raised by startups will not require any scrutiny by the I-T department.
9. TDS of 2% on cash withdrawals exceeding Rs. 1 crore in a year from bank accounts, to discourage business payments in cash.
10. Period of exemption for capital gains arising from sale of house for investment in startups to be extended to March 31, 2021.
11. Rs. 70,000 crore in recapitalisation for public sector banks.
12. Rs. 1.05 lakh crore disinvestment target for the year.
13. TV channel to be launched for promoting startups and to help matchmaking for funds.
14. New national educational policy hopes to transform Indian education into one of the best in the world, with focus on bringing in foreign students.
15. Rs. 50 lakh crores proposed for Railway infrastructure.
16. By 2022, the 75th year of Independence, every single rural family, except those who are unwilling to take the connection, will have electricity and clean cooking facility.
17. Stress on zero-budget farming, which is a form of gardening as a self-sustainable practice, with minimum external intervention.
18. The pension benefit will be extended to 3 crore retail traders under PM Karam Yogi Maan Dhan Scheme. It requires only Aadhaar numbers and bank accounts.
19. Rs. 1 crore worth of loans proposed to MSMEs.
20. Investment by FIIs and FDIs in debt securities in infrastructure debt funds to be allowed. Minimum public shareholding in listed companies can be increased from 25% to 35%.
21. Global Investors Meet to happen in India.
View Month Wise

SPORTS

Shoaib Malik Retires from ODI Cricket

  • Pakistan batsman Shoaib Malik confirmed his retirement from one-day cricket without making a farewell appearance in his side's victory over Bangladesh in the ongoing (2019) World Cup.
  • Malik had admitted last year that he intended to quit one-day cricket after the World Cup and he followed through with that plan after Pakistan's 94-run win at Lord's.
  • The 37-year-old would continue to play the Twenty20 format.
  • Malik's decision came after a Pakistan win which was not enough to take the 1992 champions into the semi-finals.
  • Malik appeared in 287 one-day internationals and scored 7,534 runs with nine hundreds.
  • His last appearance came in the defeat against arch rivals India in Manchester on June 16, 2019.
View Month Wise

NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Gujarat Rajya Sabha By-polls

  • External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar and another BJP candidate, OBC leader Juglaji Thakor, won the Rajya Sabha byelection from Gujarat.
  • Though the election officials were yet to make a formal announcement, Chief Minister Vijay Rupani informed the media about the victory of the two BJP candidates.
  • The Congress had nominated Chandrika Chudasama and Gaurav Pandya for the two seats, which fell vacant when BJP President Amit Shah and Union Minister Smriti Irani were elected to the Lok Sabha. Jaishankar and Thakor secured over 100 votes.
View Month Wise

PERSONS IN NEWS

Rao Removed as CBI Additional Director

  • M. Nageswara Rao, who was made interim chief of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) for a short period last year, was moved out of the premier investigative agency.
  • The order on the 1986-batch IPS officer was cleared by the Appointments Committee of Cabinet which has Home Minister Amit Shah and Prime Minister Narendra Modi as its members. Rao was made director general of Fire Services, Civil Defences and Home Guard, till he retires next year.
  • Despite Supreme Court barring him from taking any major decisions, Rao transferred an officer in January this year and was sentenced by the Supreme Court for contempt.
View Month Wise

DAYS AND EVENTS

World Zoonoses Day

  • World Zoonoses Day is held every year on July 6. The day commemorates July 6, 1885, when Louis Pasteur successfully administered the first vaccine against Rabies virus, a zoonotic disease. The theme of the day is to day raise awareness for the risk of zoonotic diseases.
  • Zoonoses are infectious diseases (virus, bacteria and parasites) that can be spread from animals to humans, and vice versa. Zoonoses can spread from direct contact with animals or indirectly, vector-borne or food-borne.
  • Zoonotic diseases are very common, for example tick-borne encephalitis and borreliosis. But also many foodborne infectious diseases like salmonella, Yersinia, EHEC, botulism or campylobacter are all also zoonoses.
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