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Daily G.K. - Top Stories

31 Oct 2014

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Xiaomi World's Third Largest Smartphone Maker

China's Xiaomi Inc has become the world's third largest smartphone vendor just three years after first hitting the market, trailing only Samsung Electronics and Apple.
Xiaomi accounted for 6 per cent of all 320 million smartphones shipped during July-September. Samsung made up 25 percent, down from 35 per cent a year earlier due to rising competition. Apple's share also fell slightly to 12 per cent.
Xiaomi has been the top seller in its home market of China and recently entered India, where it sells phones exclusively through e-commerce site Flipkart.

Lenovo Completes Acquisition of Motorola Phone Unit

  • Lenovo completed its acquisition of Motorola Mobility from Google, a move strengthening the Chinese giant`s position in the smartphone market.
  • The $2.9 billion deal, announced in January, ends Google`s brief ownership of the onetime mobile phone star.
  • By adding Motorola, Lenovo positions itself among the top global smartphone makers behind Samsung and Apple.
  • Lenovo will operate Motorola as a wholly-owned subsidiary, keeping the Chicago-based headquarters and adding 3,500 employees, including 2,800 in the United States.

Nicholas Winton Awarded Czech Republic’s Highest State Honour

  • British Schindler Nicholas Winton was awarded the Czech Republic's highest state honour.
  • The 105-year-old was given the Order of the White Lion at a ceremony at Prague Castle.
  • Winton is known to have saved 669 Czech children, mostly Jews from Nazi-occupied Czechoslovakia during the nine months before war broke out in 1939.
  • The story became known to the public in 1988 after his wife discovered a scrapbook.
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ENVIRONMENT

Why Plants don't Get Sunburn

  • Scientists have now discovered the mechanics of how the sunscreens of natural plants work.
  • Previous research had found a group of molecules in plants that shields them from sun damage.
  • The harsh ultraviolet radiation to which plants are exposed can cause serious damage to plant DNA and, as a result, hinder plant growth.
  • Biochemical tests have shown that plants produce special molecules and send them to the outer layer of their leaves to protect themselves from damaging ultraviolet rays.
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BUSINESS AND ECONOMY

Austerity Measures to Cut Fiscal Deficit to 4.1%

Government has launched an austerity drive to trim the fiscal deficit to 4.1 per cent of GDP in 2014-15 with a 10 per cent across-the-board cut in non-plan expenditure.

The government proposes to lower the fiscal deficit, which had touched a high of 5.7 per cent in 2011-12, to three per cent of GDP by 2016-17.

The austerity drive would amount to a saving of Rs. 35,000 - Rs. 40,000 crore, or 0.3 per cent of GDP.

To promote fiscal disciple without restricting the operational efficiency of the government

  • A total ban on new posts that have remained vacant for more than a year
  • Purchases of vehicles are mostly banned
  • No first-class air travel for bureaucrats
  • No companion free ticket on domestic/international travel
  • Exhibitions/seminars/conferences abroad strongly discouraged except for trade promotions

Nokia to Shut Tamil Nadu Cellphone Plant

  • Nokia will shut down its largest plant at Tamil Nadu's Sriperumbudur, rendering over 8,000 workers jobless.
  • Microsoft, which acquired Nokia's mobile phone wing, hasn't been able to buy this plant.
  • The government has put a freeze on Nokia's assets due to a tax dispute over an estimated Rs. 23,000 crore. Making smartphones in China and Vietnam will be cheaper for Microsoft than taking over Nokia's plant.
  • Nokia's troubles began after the Income Tax Department issued it notice for Rs. 21,000 crore. Last year, the Tamil Nadu government, too, slapped it a notice of Rs. 2400 crore for VAT related issues.
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Smallest Known Galaxy with Supermassive Black Hole Found

  • Astronomers led by an Indian-origin scientist have discovered a monster black hole lurking inside one of the tiniest and densest galaxies ever known located 54 million light years from Earth.
  • The dwarf galaxy containing the black hole, called M60-UCD1, is the densest galaxy ever seen.
  • The finding implies that there are many other very compact galaxies in the universe that contain supermassive black holes.
  • The observation also suggests that dwarf galaxies may actually be the stripped remnants of larger galaxies that were torn apart during collisions with yet other galaxies.
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NATIONAL AFFAIRS

ISRO’s Plans Second Mars Mission

After the success of the recent Mars Orbit Mission (MOM), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is planning to revisit the Red Planet in 2018 with a heavier satellite which will carry a lander and a rover.
In September 24, the state-run space agency successfully inserted its spacecraft (MOM) in the Martian orbit with five scientific instruments to search for life-sustaining elements on the planet over nine months after it was launched on November 5, 2013, from its spaceport at Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh.
ISRO is looking for a slot in 2018 as the mission to Mars can be launched only after two years. It also hope to have a heavy rocket - fully operational to carry a lander and rover with scientific experiments.

India to Spend around Rs 1.7 lakh crore on Universal Healthcare Scheme by 2019

India will be spending around Rs 1.7 lakh crore on its ambitious universal healthcare scheme.
Under this scheme, free drugs, diagnostic tests and insurance cover will be provided to all its citizens.
The scheme under the National Health Assurance Mission would be rolled out in a phased manner from April next year. It will cover the entire population while taking care of their healthcare needs by March, 2019.

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