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Discussion

TOEFL Writing
(8)

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Integrated writing topic about Irrigation - In this very topic, both the listening and the reading are based on the irrigation.As irrigation is the basic need of the agriculture and water is the basic requirement.The need for the water is based on the method which we are applying to the field. Also it is casted in the reading that different crops have the different irrigation requirements, which classifies irrigation into different forms and types of irrigation technology. Firstly,it is written that irrigation is the asrtificial watering of land ,uses water from different sources.It includes the direct rainfall,dirct stream flow,water stored in lakes and reservoirs,groundwater and sea water.But there is lots of wastage of water during irrigation. Besides , the water is also used for the houshold and industrial purposes.The irrigation technology is having many types which helps in making best use water. Secondly, the delivery of water to a field directly from canal, well or ditch is causing a great loss of water.The surface flooding is widely used because of low costs but this is not true as it is causing a great water loss ,it is generally being avoided at many places. whereas the ancient method of the furrow irrigation invloves numerous U shaped and V shaped open fuirrows through the irrigated land and then irrigating field by introducing water into them is not so much practised now a days beacuse of loss of water.Inspite of this , the use of sprinklers and drip irrigation is mostly used for irrigating the fields. Sprinklers involves the irrigation by dripping water like a fountain in between the crop field that is in the center covering various plants. Whereas in the drip irrigation, the drippers are used and fitted near the roots of every plant which leads to less loss of water. Additionally, the use of the other methods mentioned like border irrigation and basin irrigation are not so familiar are practised for particular type of crops.The border irrigation involves flooding land in long parallel strips lengthwise in direction of slope whereas in basin irrigation, there is divison of field into a series of basins that can be separatly irrigated. Finally, it is concluded that the irrigation technology has many types and each type should be practised according to particular crop by taking into account that there should be no or less loss of water. There should be a particular technique for irrigation that should be accordind to the crop type because every crop has its known water requirement and and water should be applied according to the need only. There should be proper arrangements for checking the water loss so as to make proper use of water.

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Martin B Victor

Remember the question, Manpreet. Summarize the points of the lecture first, then how they differ from the points of the reading. This is a bit long and too wordy. Make your sentences more concise. Also try to avoid direct references to the passage and lecture.